List of nominees for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Swedish: Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin) is awarded annually by the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute to scientists who have made outstanding contributions in Biology.[1] It is one of the five Nobel Prizes which were established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895.[2]
Every year, the Nobel Committee for Physiology or Medicine sends out forms, which amount to a personal and exclusive invitation, to about three thousand selected individuals to invite them to submit nominations. The names of the nominees are never publicly announced, and neither are they told that they have been considered for the Prize. Nomination records are strictly sealed for fifty years. However, the nominations for the years 1901 to 1953 are publicly available yet. Despite the annual sending of invitations, the prize was not awarded in nine years (1915-1918, 1921, 1925, 1940–1942) and have been delayed for a year five times (1919, 1922, 1926, 1938, 1943).
From 1901 to 1953, 935 scientists were nominated for the prize, 63 of which were awarded either jointly or individually. 19 more scientists from these nominees were awarded after 1953. Of the 13 women nominees, only G.Th.Cori was awarded the prize. Besides some scientists from these nominees won the prizes in other fields (including years after 1953): J.Boyd Orr - Peace Prize (1949); L.C.Pauling twice - in Chemistry (1954) and Peace Prize (1962); 3 - in Physics and 20 - in Chemistry (including Fr.Sanger twice - in 1958 and 1980).
In addition, nominations of 65 scientists (including one woman) more were declared invalid by the Nobel Committee.
Nominees by their first nomination
[edit]1901–1909
[edit]Picture | Name | Born | Died | Years Nominated | Notes[3] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1901 | |||||
Emil von Behring[a] | 15 March 1854 Hansdorf, German Confederation |
31 March 1917 Marburg, German Empire |
1901, 1902[4] | Won the 1901 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[b] (id=9720) | |
Kitasato Shibasaburō | 29 January 1853 Oguni, Kumamoto, Japan |
13 June 1931 Tokyo, Japan |
1901 | Nominated jointly[c] with Emil von Behring by Árp.Bókay the only time First Asian nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (id=4874) | |
Ronald Ross[d] | 13 May 1857 Almora, Uttarakhand, India |
16 September 1932 London, United Kingdom |
1901, 1902, 1904 | Won the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[e] (id=7892) | |
Niels Ryberg Finsen[f] | 15 December 1860 Tórshavn, Danish Realm |
24 September 1904 Copenhagen, Denmark |
1901, 1902, 1903, 1904 | Won the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[g] (id=3015) | |
Ivan Pavlov[h] | 26 September 1849 Ryazan, Russian Empire |
27 February 1936 Leningrad, Russia |
1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905,[5] 1925, 1927, 1929, 1930, 1934,[6] 1937[7] |
Won the 1904 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[i] (id=7055) | |
Robert Koch[j] | 11 December 1843 Clausthal, German Confederation |
27 May 1910 Baden-Baden, German Empire |
1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906 | Won the 1905 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[k] (id=4941) | |
Santiago Ramón y Cajal[l] | 1 May 1852 Petilla de Aragón, Spain |
17 October 1934 Madrid, Spain |
1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907 | (id=7547) Shared the 1906 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[m] (id=3527) | |
Camillo Golgi[n] | 7 July 1843 Corteno Golgi, Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia |
21 January 1926 Pavia, Kingdom of Italy |
1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907[8] | ||
Giuseppe Muscatello[o] | 10 November 1866 Augusta, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies |
2 August 1951 Catania, Italy |
1901 | Nominated with C.Golgi by Fr.D.von Recklinghausen the only time (id=6536) | |
Alphonse Laveran[p] | 18 June 1845 Paris, France |
18 May 1922 Paris, France |
1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908 | Won the 1907 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[q] (id=5279) | |
Élie Metchnikoff[r] | 16 May 1845 Ivanovka, Russian Empire |
15 July 1916 Paris, France |
1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909 | (id=6214) Shared the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[s] (id=2713) P.Ehrlich was nominated for Nobel Prize in Chemistry too.[t] | |
Paul Ehrlich[u] | 14 March 1854 Strehlen, German Confederation |
20 August 1915 Bad Homburg, German Empire |
1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1912, 1913 | ||
Emil Algot Holmgren[v] | 14 May 1866 Stockholm, Sweden |
22 October 1922 Stockholm, Sweden |
1901 | (id=4276) Nominated jointly by W.Flemming the only time (id=1365) | |
Ivar Broman[w] | 18 September 1868 Hörby, Sweden |
11 May 1946 Lund, Sweden | |||
Eduard Lang[x] | 1 May 1841 Kľúčové, Slovakia |
9 June 1916 Reichenau an der Rax, Austria-Hungary |
1901 | Nominated by Roberto Campana (5.8.1844 Teramo - 13.1.1919 Rome) (id=1560) the only time[y] (id=5211) | |
Wilhelm Camerer[z] | 17 October 1842 Stuttgart, German Confederation |
25 March 1910 Bad Urach, German Empire |
1901 | Nominated by Otto Heubner the only time (id=1554) | |
Gustav von Hüfner[aa] | 13 May 1840 Bad Köstritz, German Confederation |
14 March 1908 Tübingen, German Empire |
1901 | Nominated by Osw.Schmiedeberg the only time (id=4406) | |
Albrecht Heinr | 24 July 1866 Vienna, Austrian Empire |
28 June 1922 Vienna, Austria |
1901 | (id=4014) Jointly[ab] nominated only. (id=3412) | |
Anton Ghon | 1 January 1866 Villach, Austrian Empire |
23 April 1936 Prague, Czechia | |||
Richard Thoma[ac] | December 11, 1847 Bonndorf im Schwarzwald, German Confederation |
November 26, 1923 Heidelberg, Weimar Germany |
1901 | Nominated by L.Schrötter R.von Kristelli the only time (id=9224) | |
Vilmos Schulek[ad] | 21 April 1843 Pest, Kingdom of Hungary |
13 March 1905 Budapest, Austria-Hungary |
1901 | (id=9858) | |
Josef von Fodor[ae] | 16 July 1843 Lakócsa, Kingdom of Hungary |
20 March 1901 Budapest, Austria-Hungary |
1901 | Died before the only chance to be rewarded (id=9752) | |
Endre Hőgyes[af] | 30 November 1847 Hajdúszoboszló, Kingdom of Hungary |
8 September 1906 Budapest, Austria-Hungary |
1901, 1902[9] | (id=4427) | |
Carl Gegenbaur[ag] | 21 August 1826 Würzburg, German Confederation |
14 June 1903 Heidelberg, German Empire |
1901, 1902 | (id=3371) | |
Rudolph Virchow[ah] | 13 October 1821 Schivelbein, German Confederation |
5 September 1902 Berlin, German Empire |
1901, 1902, 1903[10] | (id=9665) | |
Carl von Voit[ai] | 31 October 1831 Amberg, German Confederation |
31 January 1908 Munich, German Empire |
1901, 1902, 1903,[11] 1906[12] | (id=9883) | |
Lyder Borthen[aj] | 4 May 1849 Trondheim, Norway |
8 December 1924 Trondheim, Norway |
1901, 1903 | (id=1192) | |
Bernhard Bang[ak] | 7 June 1848 Sorø, Denmark |
22 June 1932 Copenhagen, Denmark |
1901, 1903 | (id=677) | |
Wilhelm His Sr.[al] | 9 July 1831 Basel, Switzerland |
1 May 1904 Leipzig, German Empire |
1901, 1904 | (id=4219) | |
Albert von Kölliker[am] | 6 July 1817 Zürich, Switzerland |
2 November 1905 Würzburg, German Empire |
1901, 1905 | (id=9804) | |
Theodor Wilhelm Engelmann[an] | 14 November 1843 Leipzig, German Confederation |
20 May 1909 Berlin, German Empire |
1901, 1902, 1903,[13] 1906 | (id=2797) | |
Alexandre Yersin[ao] | 22 September 1863 Aubonne, Switzerland |
1 March 1943 Nha Trang, Khánh Hòa, Vietnam |
1901, 1902,[9] 1904, 1908 | (id=10347) | |
Joseph Lister[ap] | 5 April 1827 Newham, West Ham, United Kingdom |
10 February 1912 Walmer, England |
1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1906, 1907,[14] 1909, 1910[15] | (id=5539) | |
Charles Jacques Bouchard[aq] | 6 September 1837 Haute-Marne, France |
28 October 1915 Sainte-Foy-lès-Lyon, France |
1901, 1904, 1905,[16] 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915,[17] 1916[18] | (id=1217) | |
Gustaf Retzius[ar] | 17 October 1842 Stockholm, Sweden |
21 July 1919 Stockholm, Sweden |
1901, 1902, 1904, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1912, 1913, 1915, 1916 | (id=7668) | |
Patrick Manson[as] | 3 October 1844 Oldmeldrum, United Kingdom |
9 April 1922 London, United Kingdom |
1901, 1902,[19] 1904, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1921 | (id=5881) | |
Henry Head[at] | 4 August 1861 Stoke Newington, Middlesex, United Kingdom |
8 October 1940 Reading, England |
1901, 1919, 1920, 1921 | (id=3967) | |
Jacques Loeb[au] | 7 April 1859 Mayen, German Confederation |
11 February 1924 Hamilton, Bermuda British Empire |
1901, 1902, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1917, 1918,[20] 1919, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924 | (id=5571) | |
Giuseppe Bastianelli | 25 October 1862 Rome, Papal States |
30 March 1959 Rome, Italy |
1901, 1902,[21] 1905[22] | (id=738) Nominated jointly[av] with G.B.Grassi only. (id=1004) | |
Amico Bignami | 15 April 1862 Bologna, Kingdom of Italy |
8 September 1929 Rome, Kingdom of Italy | |||
Giovanni Battista Grassi[aw] | 27 March 1854 Rovellasca, Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia |
4 May 1925 Rome, Kingdom of Italy |
1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905,[22] 1907, 1910,[23] 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1925 | (id=3615) | |
John Newport Langley[ax] | 2 November 1852 Newbury, United Kingdom |
5 November 1925 Cambridge, England |
1901, 1905, 1907, 1908, 1910,[24] 1911, 1912, 1914, 1916,[25] 1918, 1919, 1920, 1924, 1925 | (id=5226) | |
Émile Roux[ay] | 17 December 1853 Confolens, France |
3 November 1933 Paris, France |
1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915,[26] 1916, 1917,[27] 1919, 1920,[28] 1921, 1922,[29] 1923, 1924, 1925, 1932 | (id=7930) | |
Alexander von Korányi[az] | 18 June 1866 Pest, Kingdom of Hungary |
12 April 1944 Budapest, Hungary |
1901, 1902,[9] 1931, 1937 |
(id=9797) | |
1902 | |||||
Albrecht Kossel[ba] | 16 September 1853 Rostock, German Confederation |
5 July 1927 Heidelberg, Weimar Germany |
1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1909, 1910 | Won the 1910 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[bb] and nominated for Nobel Prize in Chemistry too. (id=4995) | |
Jules Bordet[bc] | 13 June 1870 Soignies, Belgium |
6 April 1961 Brussels, Belgium |
1902, 1905,[30] 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1920, 1921[31] | Won the 1919 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine a year later[bd] (id=1172) | |
Charles Scott Sherrington[be] | 27 November 1857 Islington, Middlesex, United Kingdom |
4 March 1952 Eastbourne, Sussex, England |
1902, 1906, 1907, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932 | Shared the 1932 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[bf] with Edgar Adrian (id=8493) | |
Eduard Buchner[bg] | 20 May 1860 Munich, German Confederation |
13 August 1917 Focșani, Romania |
1902, 1904, 1906[32] |
Won the 1907 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[bh] (id=1428) | |
Alexandre Desgrez | 15 July 1863 Bannes, France |
20 January 1940 Mennecy, France |
1902[bi] | (id=2391) (id=667) Nominated by Ch.J.Bouchard the only time (id=7214) | |
Victor Balthazard | 1852 (1872?) Paris, France |
24 December 1950 Ciboure, France | |||
Césaire Phisalix[bj] | 8 October 1852 Mouthier-Haute-Pierre, France |
16 March 1906 Paris, France |
1902 | ||
James Israel | February 2, 1848 Berlin, German Confederation |
February 2, 1926 Berlin, Weimar Germany |
1902 | (id=4492) Nominated jointly[bk] by Oscar Wyss-Kienast (17 August 1840, Dietikon - 1 May 1918, Zürich)(id=10336) the only time (id=5053) | |
Rudolf Ulrich Krönlein | 19 February 1847 Stein am Rhein, Switzerland |
26 October 1910 Zürich, Switzerland | |||
Richard Geeff[bl] | June 18, 1862 Elberfeld, German Confederation |
November 4, 1938 Berlin, Nazi Germany |
1902[33] | Nominated by Schweiger the only time | |
Domenico Lo Monaco | July 31, 1863 Bagheria, Kingdom of Italy |
April 19, 1930 Rome, Kingdom of Italy |
1902[bm] | (id=5551) Nominated by L.Luciani the only time[21] | |
Luigi Panichi | Italy | Italy | |||
Antonio Dionisi[bn] | 29 April 1866 |
19 September 1931 | 1902 | ||
Eduard Pflüger[bo] | 7 June 1829 Hanau, German Confederation |
16 March 1910 Bonn, German Empire |
1902, 1903,[11] 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907,[34] 1908, 1909, 1910 | (id=7204) | |
Carl Rabl[bp] | 2 May 1853 Wels, Austrian Empire |
24 December 1917 Leipzig, German Empire |
1902, 1905, 1910 | Nominated by H.Chiari only (id=7514) | |
Ernst Haeckel[bq] | 16 February 1834 Potsdam, German Confederation |
9 August 1919 Jena, Weimar Germany |
1902, 1905, 1908, 1913 | (id=3770) | |
Friedrich Loeffler[br] | 24 June 1852 Frankfurt an der Oder, German Confederation |
9 April 1915 Berlin, German Empire |
1902, 1909, 1913, 1915 | (id=5731 id=5577) | |
Oswald Schmiedeberg[bs] | 10 October 1838 Talsi, Russian Empire |
12 July 1921 Baden-Baden, Weimar Germany |
1902, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1917, 1918, 1920 | (id=8213) | |
Carl von Hess[bt] | 7 March 1863 Mainz, German Confederation |
28 June 1923 Pöcking, Weimar Germany |
1902, 1919, 1921, 1923[35] | (id=4125 id=9780) | |
Oscar Hertwig[bu] | 21 April 1849 Friedberg, German Confederation |
25 October 1922 Berlin, Weimar Germany |
1902, 1904, 1906, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1920, 1922 | (id=4107) | |
Ernest Overton[bv] | 25 February 1865 Stretton, Cheshire, United Kingdom |
27 January 1933 Lund, Sweden |
1902, 1903, 1905,[36] 1906, 1912, 1914,[37] 1923 | (id=6926) | |
Felix Jacob Marchand[bw] | 22 October 1846 Halle (Saale), German Confederation |
4 February 1928 Leipzig, Weimar Germany |
1902, 1903,[11] 1911, 1912, 1913,[38] 1918, 1921, 1922,[39] 1923 | (id=5891) | |
Max Rubner[bx] | 2 June 1854 Munich, German Confederation |
27 April 1932 Berlin, Weimar Germany |
1902, 1903,[11] 1904,[40] 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1916, 1917, 1919, 1920, 1921, 1923, 1924,[41] 1925, 1926,[42] 1928, 1930[43] | (id=7951) | |
Georges-Fernand Widal[by] | 9 March 1862 Dellys, French Algeria |
14 January 1929 Paris, France |
1902, 1905, 1918, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924,[44] 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929 | (id=10147) | |
Ferdinand Hueppe[bz] | 24 August 1852 Neuwied, German Confederation |
15 September 1938 Dresden, Nazi Germany |
1902, 1930 | (id=4348) | |
Richard Pfeiffer[ca] | 27 March 1858 Zduny, German Confederation |
15 September 1945 Bad Landeck, Niederschlesien, now Poland |
1902, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1919, 1923, 1924,[45] 1926, 1927,[46] 1930, 1931[47] | (id=7201) | |
Joseph von Mering | 28 February 1849 Cologne, German Confederation |
5 January 1908 Halle (Saale), German Empire |
1902, 1903,[48] 1906 | Nominated jointly with O.Minkowski only[cb](id=9823) | |
Oskar Minkowski[cc] | 13 January 1858 Aleksotas, Russian Empire |
18 June 1931 Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Weimar Germany |
1902, 1903,[48] 1906, 1912, 1914, 1924, 1925, 1927,[49] 1928, 1929, 1932 | (id=6304) | |
Max von Gruber[cd] | 6 July 1853 Vienna, Austrian Empire |
16 September 1927 Berchtesgaden, Weimar Germany |
1902, 1903, 1907, 1910 | (id=3673) | |
1903 | |||||
Herbert Durham | 30 March 1866 London, United Kingdom |
25 October 1945 Cambridge, England |
1903 | Nominated jointly[ce] with M.von Gruber by R.Ross the only time (id=2615) | |
Eugène Koeberlé[cf] | 4 January 1828 Sélestat, France |
13 June 1915 Strasbourg, Alsace, German Empire |
1903 | Nominated by P.Zweifel the only time (id=5117) | |
Magnus Blix | 25 December 1849 Säbrå, Sweden |
14 February 1904 Lund, Sweden |
1903 | (id=1076) Nominated jointly[cg] by G.P.Al.von Bunge the only time (id=3515) | |
Alfred Goldscheider | 4 August 1858 Sommerfeld, German Confederation |
10 April 1935 Berlin, Nazi Germany | |||
Gustav Wilhelm Wolff[ch] | 14 November 1834 Hamburg, German Confederation |
17 April 1913 London, United Kingdom |
1903 | Nominated by J.Kollmann the only time (id=10290) | |
Peter Dettweiler[ci] | 4 August 1837 Wintersheim, German Confederation |
12 January 1904 Kronberg im Taunus, German Empire |
1903 | Nominated by H.Curschmann the only time (id=2402) | |
Andrés Martínez Vargas[cj] | October 27, 1861 Barbastro, Spain |
July 26, 1948 Barcelona, Spain |
1903[50] | Self-nominations | |
Zaharia (U.) Samfirescu[ck] | ? | April 8, 1905 Iași, Romania |
1903[51] | ||
Ludwig Wille[cl] | March 30, 1834 Buchdorf, German Confederation |
December 6, 1912 Basel, Switzerland |
1903[52] | ||
Karl Weigert[cm] | March 19, 1845 Münsterberg, German Confederation |
August 5, 1904 Frankfurt, German Empire |
1903[53] | Nominated by L.Laqueur only | |
Theodor Leber[cn] | February 29, 1840 Karlsruhe, German Confederation |
April 7, 1917 Heidelberg, German Empire |
1903,[53] 1908[54] | ||
Étienne-Jules Marey[co] | 5 March 1830 Beaune, France |
15 May 1904 Paris, France |
1903, 1904 | (id=5907) | |
Walter Reed[cp] | 13 September 1851 Belroi, Virginia, United States |
22 November 1902 Washington, D.C., United States |
1903, 1905,[55] 1906 | First North American nominated (posthumously) for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (id=7613) | |
Louis Willems[cq] | 25 April 1822 Hasselt, Belgium |
21 January 1907 Hasselt, Belgium |
1903, 1907 | Nominated by Ern.Masoin only (id=10203) | |
James Carrol[cr] | 5 June 1854 London, United Kingdom |
16 September 1907 Washington, D.C., United States |
1903, 1905,[22] 1906, 1907, 1908[56] | (id=1627) | |
Gerhard Armauer Hansen[cs] | 29 July 1841 Bergen, Norway |
12 February 1912 Florø, Norway |
1903, 1908, 1911 | (id=9622) | |
Max Verworn[ct] | 4 November 1863 Berlin, German Confederation |
23 November 1921 Bonn, Weimar Germany |
1903, 1906, 1913, 1914, 1915,[57] | (id=9622) | |
Auguste Chauveau[cu] | 21 November 1827 Villeneuve-la-Guyard, France |
4 January 1917 Paris, France |
1903, 1904, 1905, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1916 | (id=1751) | |
Aristides Agramonte[cv] | 3 June 1868 Camaguey, Spanish West Indies |
19 August 1931 New Orleans, Louisiana, United States |
1903, 1905,[22] 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1917 | (id=334) | |
Ernst Alexander Homén[cw] | 14 September 1851 Pieksämäki, Russian Empire |
12 December 1926 Helsinki, Finland |
1903, 1919 | (id=4291) | |
1904 | |||||
Charles Richet[cx] | 26 August 1850 Paris, France |
4 December 1935 Paris, France |
1904, 1907, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914,[58] 1929 |
Won the 1913 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[cy] and nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize[cz] too. (id=7718) | |
Jules Héricourt | 1850 France |
1938 France |
1904 | Nominated jointly[da] with Ch.R.Richet by Louis Moreau (id=6408) the only time (id=4074) | |
István Apáthy[db] | 4 January 1863 Pest, Kingdom of Hungary |
27 September 1922 Szeged, Hungary |
1903,[59] 1904, 1909[60] | (id=462) | |
William Williams Keen[dc] | 19 January 1837 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States |
7 June 1932 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States |
1904 | Nominated by Edward Parker Davis (1856-1937) (id=2165 id=6997) the only time (id=4755) | |
Ernst von Bergmann[dd] | 16 December 1836 Riga, Russian Empire |
25 March 1907 Wiesbaden, German Empire |
1904 | Nominated by V.Czerny the only time (id=9723) | |
Paulet Chauveau (probably Vincent Paulet) |
November 9, 1828 Montpellier, France |
April 14, 1906 Montpellier, France |
1904 | (id=1752) | |
Pierre Marie Augustin Charpentier[de] | 15 June 1852 France |
4 August 1916 France |
1904 | (id=1733) | |
Hector Cristiani[df] | 15 December 1862 Trieste, Austrian Empire |
30 October 1940 Geneva, Switzerland |
1904, 1909[61] | Nominated by A.Ch.Fr.Eternod only (id=2025) | |
Ernst Schulze[dg] | July 31, 1840 Bovenden, German Confederation |
June 15, 1912 Zürich, Switzerland |
1904[62] | Nominated by Adam Josef Kunkel (27.11.1848 Lohr am Main - 20.8.1905 Ammerland am Starnberger See) from Würzburg the only time | |
Onofrio Abbate[dh] | February 29, 1824 Palermo, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies |
October 11, 1915 Cairo, Sultanate of Egypt |
1904[63] | Self-nomination | |
César Roux[di] | 23 March 1857 Mont-la-Ville, Switzerland |
21 December 1934 Lausanne, Switzerland |
1904, 1905 | (id=7927) | |
Eduard Hitzig[dj] | 6 February 1838 Berlin, German Confederation |
20 August 1907 Sankt Blasien, German Empire |
1904, 1905, 1906 | (id=4223) | |
William Gowers[dk] | 20 March 1845 London, United Kingdom |
4 May 1915 London, England |
1904, 1905, 1912 | (id=3582) | |
Angelo Celli[dl] | 25 March 1857 Cagli, Papal States |
2 November 1914 Monza, Kingdom of Italy |
1903,[21] 1904, 1907, 1912, 1913,[64] | (id=1682) | |
Hugo Sellheim[dm] | 28 December 1871 Biblis, German Empire |
22 April 1936 Leipzig, Nazi Germany |
1904, 1927 | (id=8393) | |
David Bruce[dn] | 29 May 1855 Melbourne, Australia |
27 November 1931 London, United Kingdom |
1904, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1921, 1922, 1925, 1926, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932 | (id=1385) | |
Adolf Lorenz[do] | 21 April 1854 Weidenau, Austrian Empire |
12 February 1946 Sankt Andrä-Wördern, Austria |
1904, 1913,[38] 1924, 1925, 1926, 1932, 1933 | (id=5637) | |
Karl Koller[dp] | 3 December 1857 Schüttenhofen, Austrian Empire |
21 March 1944 New York, United States |
1904, 1908, 1913, 1931, 1937 | (id=4969) | |
1905 | |||||
Ernst Abbe[dq] | 23 January 1840 Eisenach, German Confederation |
14 January 1905 Jena, German Empire |
1905, 1906[65] |
Died before the only chance to be rewarded but nominated earlier for Nobel Prize in Physics too. (id=276) | |
Sergei Tchiriew[dr] | February 20, 1850 Vitebsk, Russian Empire |
1915 Kyiv, Kiev Governorate, Russian Empire |
1905, 1910,[66] | (id=9024) | |
Herman Snellen[ds] | February 19, 1834 Zeist, Netherlands |
January 18, 1908 Utrecht, Netherlands |
1905[67] | Nominated by Francesco Falchi (28.2.1848 Chiaramonti - 1946 Sassari)(id=2905) the only time | |
Paul Brouardel | February 13, 1837 Saint-Quentin, Aisne, France |
July 23, 1906 Paris, France |
1905[68] | Nominated by A.N.Gilbert the only time | |
N.Tschistowitsch or F.Tschistowitsch |
December 14, 1860 Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire |
March 29, 1926 Leningrad, Russia |
1905[30] | Nominated with J.J.B.V.Bordet by G.Hauser the only time | |
February 1, 1870 Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire |
October 24, 1942 Novosibirsk, Russia | ||||
Émile Charles Achard[dt] | 24 July 1860 Paris, France |
7 August 1944 Versailles, France |
1905, 1906, 1932[69] | (id=296) | |
Cesare Lombroso[du] | 6 November 1835 Verona, Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia |
19 October 1909 Turin, Kingdom of Italy |
1905, 1907, 1908, 1909 | (id=5591) | |
Giulio Vassale[dv] | 22 June 1862 Lerici, Kingdom of Italy |
3 January 1913 Modena, Kingdom of Italy |
1905, 1906, 1907,[70] 1911 | (id=9570) | |
Edoardo Bassini[dw] | 14 April 1844 Pavia, Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia |
19 July 1924 Padua, Kingdom of Italy |
1905, 1913, 1914, 1925[71] | (id=737) | |
Henry Rose Carter[dx] | 25 August 1852 Caroline County, Virginia, United States |
14 September 1925 Washington, D.C., United States |
1905, 1906, 1907 | Nominated jointly with C.Finlay only (id=1630 id=1629) | |
Carlos Finlay[dy] | 3 December 1833 Camaguey, Spanish West Indies |
20 August 1915 Havana, Cuba |
1905, 1906, 1907, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915 | (id=3011) | |
Franz Hofmeister[dz] | 30 August 1850 Prague, Austrian Empire |
26 July 1922 Würzburg, Weimar Germany |
1903,[11] 1905, 1906,[12] 1909, 1912,[72] 1914, 1919, 1922[73] | (id=4259) | |
Jacques-Arsène d'Arsonval[ea] | 8 June 1851 La Porcherie, France |
31 December 1940 Solignac, France |
1905, 1910, 1913,[74] 1914, 1916, 1934, 1936 | (id=2645) | |
Aldo Castellani[eb] | 8 September 1874 Florence, Kingdom of Italy |
3 October 1971 Lisbon, Portugal |
1905, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1920, 1921, 1927,[75] 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1934, 1935, 1937, 1941, 1953 | (id=1653) | |
1906 | |||||
Wilhelm Röntgen[ec] | 27 March 1845 Remscheid, German Confederation |
10 February 1923 Munich, Weimar Germany |
1906, 1909, 1910, 1919, 1922 |
Won the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics.[ed] (id=8006) | |
Gottlieb Burckhardt[ee] | 24 December 1836 Basel, Switzerland |
6 February 1907 Basel, Switzerland |
1906 | (id=1456) | |
Jesse William Lazear[ef] | 2 May 1866 Baltimore, Maryland, United States |
25 September 1900 Havana, Cuba |
1906 | Nominated posthumously. (id=5295) | |
Wilbur Olin Atwater[eg] | 3 May 1844 Johnsburg, New York, United States |
22 September 1907 Middletown, Connecticut, United States |
1906 | (id=552) | |
Leopold Freund[eh] | 5 April 1868 Prague, Austria-Hungary |
7 January 1943 Brussels, Belgium |
1906 | (id=3215) | |
John Beard[ei] | 11 November 1858 Heaton Norris, United Kingdom |
24 November 1924 Lancashire, England |
1906 | (id=784) | |
Ernst Viktor von Leyden[ej] | 20 April 1832 Danzig, German Confederation |
5 October 1910 Berlin, German Empire |
1906, 1907[8] | (id=9811) | |
Fritz Schaudinn[ek] | 19 September 1871 Röseningken, German Empire |
22 June 1906 Hamburg, German Empire |
1906, 1907, 1909 | Died before the only chance to be rewarded (id=8144) | |
Guido Tizzoni[el] | 10 January 1853 Pisa, Grand Duchy of Tuscany |
4 September 1932 Pisa, Kingdom of Italy |
1906, 1910, 1911[76] | (id=9286) | |
Victor Hensen[em] | 10 February 1835 Schleswig, Duchy of Schleswig |
5 April 1924 Kiel, Weimar Germany |
1906, 1910, 1912 | (id=4068) | |
Albert Neisser[en] | 22 January 1855 Schweidnitz, German Confederation |
30 July 1916 Breslau, German Empire |
1906, 1908, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916 | (id=6640) | |
Almroth Wright[eo] | 10 August 1861 Middleton Tyas, Yorkshire, United Kingdom |
30 April 1947 Farnham Common, Buckinghamshire, England |
1906, 1907, 1910, 1912, 1914, 1915, 1918, 1919, 1925 | (id=10321) | |
August Bier[ep] | 24 November 1861 Arolsen, German Confederation |
12 March 1949 Rietz-Neuendorf, Germany |
1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1918, 1919, 1920, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1928, 1931, 1934, 1936 | (id=1001) | |
1907 | |||||
Emil Theodor Kocher[eq] | 25 August 1841 Bern, Switzerland |
27 July 1917 Bern, Switzerland |
1907, 1909, 1910, 1911[77] | Won the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.[er] (id=4944) | |
Ernst Leopold Salkowski[es] | October 11, 1844 Königsberg, German Confederation |
March 8, 1923 Berlin, Weimar Germany |
1903,[48] 1907 | (id=8057) | |
Carl Röse[et] | April 17, 1864 Clingen, German Confederation |
March 9, 1947 Gebesee, Germany |
1907 | (id=8008) | |
Anton Dohrn[eu] | 29 December 1840 Stettin, German Confederation |
26 September 1909 Munich, German Empire |
1907 | (id=2480) | |
Otto von Schrön[ev] | 7 September 1837 Hof, German Confederation |
13 May 1917 Naples, Kingdom of Italy |
1907 | (id=9857) | |
Augustus Desiré Waller[ew] | July 12, 1856 Paris, France |
March 11, 1922 London, England |
1907,[78] 1922[79] | ||
Waldemar Haffkine[ex] | 15 March 1860 Odesa, Russian Empire |
26 October 1930 Lausanne, Switzerland |
1902,[9] 1907, 1908 | (id=3771) | |
Christian Bohr[ey] | 14 February 1855 Copenhagen, Denmark |
3 February 1911 Copenhagen, Denmark |
1907, 1908 | (id=1116) | |
Olof Hammarsten[ez] | August 21, 1841 Norrköping, Sweden |
September 21, 1932 Uppsala, Sweden |
1907, 1910, 1911,[80] 1912, 1913 | (id=3849) Nominated for Nobel prize in Chemistry too (id=3848) | |
Ivan M Dogiel[fa] | March 19, 1830 Zales'e, Russian Empire |
August 29, 1916 Kazan, Russian Empire |
1907, 1914 | (id=2475 id=2476) | |
Wilhelm Wundt[fb] | 16 August 1832 Mannheim, German Confederation |
31 August 1920 Großbothen, Leipzig, Weimar Germany |
1907, 1909, 1912,[81] 1916 | (id=10328) | |
Vincenz Czerny[fc] | 19 November 1842 Trautenau, Austrian Empire |
3 October 1916 Heidelberg, German Empire |
1907, 1913, 1917 | (id=2080) | |
Hugo de Vries[fd] | 16 February 1848 Haarlem, Netherlands |
21 May 1935 Lunteren, Netherlands |
1907, 1930 | (id=2309) | |
Camille Delezenne[fe] | 10 June 1868 Genech, France |
7 July 1932 Paris, France |
1907, 1920,[82] 1922, 1923, 1925, 1926, 1931 | (id=2353) | |
Albert Calmette[ff] | 12 July 1863 Nice, France |
29 October 1933 Paris, France |
1907, 1908,[83] 1911, 1919, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934 | (id=1548) | |
Erich Hoffmann[fg] | 25 April 1868 Witzmitz, German Confederation |
8 May 1959 Bonn, Germany |
1907, 1910, 1936 | (id=4247) | |
Leonard Rogers[fh] | 18 January 1868 Helston, Cornwall, United Kingdom |
16 September 1962 Truro, Cornwall, England |
1907, 1917, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1934, 1935, 1940 | (id=7811) | |
1908 | |||||
Emil Fischer[fi] | 9 October 1852 Euskirchen, German Confederation |
15 July 1919 Berlin, Weimar Germany |
1903,[11] 1908, 1909, 1910, 1915, 1919 |
Won the 1902 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[fj] (id=3022) | |
Angelo Mosso[fk] | 30 May 1846 Turin, Kingdom of Sardinia |
24 November 1910 Turin, Kingdom of Italy |
1906,[84] 1908 | (id=6463) | |
Oskar Langendorff[fl] | 1 February 1853 Breslau, German Confederation |
10 May 1908 Rostock, German Empire |
1908 | Died before the only chance to be rewarded (id=5221) | |
Arthur von Hippel[fm] | October 24, 1841 Fischhausen, German Confederation |
October 26, 1916 Göttingen, German Empire |
1908[85] | Nominated by Ad.Vossius the only time | |
M.V.Galtier[fn] | October 15, 1846 Langogne, France |
April 24, 1908 La Mulatière, France |
1908[86] | Nominated by M.Bouley from Paris the only time but died before the only chance to be rewarded | |
Carlo Ruata[fo] | June 25, 1849 Montaldo Roero, Kingdom of Sardinia |
March 8, 1918 Perugia, Kingdom of Italy |
1908[87] | Self-nomination | |
Victor Horsley[fp] | 14 April 1857 Kensington, London, United Kingdom |
16 July 1916 Amarah, Ottoman Iraq |
1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1913 | (id=4308) | |
Guido Baccelli[fq] | November 25, 1830 Rome, Papal States |
January 10, 1916 Rome, Kingdom of Italy |
1905,[88] 1906,[89] 1908, 1910, 1911,[90] 1912, 1913, 1914,[91] | (id=599) | |
Ewald Hering[fr] | 5 August 1834 Gersdorf, German Confederation |
26 January 1918 Leipzig, German Empire |
1908, 1909, 1911, 1912,[92] 1913, 1914,[93] 1915, 1916, 1917 | (id=4075) | |
Franz E. C. Neumann[fs] | 30 January 1834 Königsberg, German Confederation |
6 March 1918 Königsberg, German Empire |
1908, 1909, 1917 | (id=6664) | |
Carl Ludwig Schleich[ft] | 19 July 1859 Stettin, German Confederation |
7 March 1922 Bad Saarow, Weimar Germany |
1908, 1913, 1915, 1920 | (id=8183) | |
Wilhelm Roux[fu] | 9 June 1850 Jena, German Confederation |
15 September 1924 Halle (Saale), Weimar Germany |
1908, 1909, 1910,[94] 1911, 1913, 1914,[95] 1915,[96] 1916, 1918, 1919, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923 | (id=7934) | |
Jacques-Louis Reverdin[fv] | 28 August 1842 Cologny, Switzerland |
9 January 1929 Pregny-Chambésy, Switzerland |
1908, 1913, 1920,[97] 1925 | (id=7676) | |
Theobald Smith[fw] | 31 July 1859 Albany, New York, United States |
10 December 1934 New York, United States |
1908, 1909, 1910, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915,[98] 1916, 1917, 1918,[99] 1920,[100] 1921, 1922,[101] 1923, 1925, 1926,[102] 1930, 1931, 1932, 1934 | (id=8621) | |
1909 | |||||
Allvar Gullstrand[fx] | June 5, 1862 Landskrona, Sweden |
July 28, 1930 Stockholm, Sweden |
1909, 1911, 1912 | Won the 1911 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[fy] and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics too (id=3717) | |
David Ferrier[fz] | January 13, 1843 Woodside, Aberdeen, United Kingdom |
March 19, 1928 London, United Kingdom |
1909 | (id=2967) | |
Julius Kollmann | February 24, 1834 Holzheim am Forst, German Confederation |
June 24, 1918 Basel, Switzerland |
1909 | (id=4971) Nominated jointly by A.Rauber the only time[ga] (id=8278) | |
Gustav Albert Schwalbe | August 1, 1844 Quedlinburg, German Confederation |
April 23, 1916 Strasbourg, German Empire | |||
Richard Hertwig | 23 September 1850 Friedberg, German Confederation |
3 October 1937 Schlederloh, Nazi Germany |
1909 | Nominated jointly[gb] with O.Hertwig by A.Rauber the only time (id=4109) | |
Theodor Boveri[gc] | October 12, 1862 Bamberg, German Confederation |
October 15, 1915 Würzburg, German Empire |
1909 | (id=1249) Nominated jointly[gd] with J.Loeb by A.Rauber the only time (id=10058) | |
August Weismann | January 17, 1834 Free City of Frankfurt, German Confederation |
November 5, 1914 Freiburg im Breisgau, German Empire | |||
John Collins Warren Jr.[ge] | May 4, 1842 Boston, Massachusetts, United States |
November 3, 1927 |
1909 | Nominated by R.Park the only time (id=9991) | |
Antonin Poncet[gf] | March 28, 1849 Saint-Trivier-sur-Moignans, France |
September 16, 1913 Culoz, France |
1909 | Nominated by Emile Laget (id=5156) the only time (id=7334) | |
Karl von Bardeleben[gg] | March 7, 1849 Giessen, German Confederation |
December 19, 1919 Jena, Weimar Germany |
1909[61] | Nominated with Hector Cristiani (id=2025) by A.Ch.Fr.Eternod the only time | |
Demosthenes | ? |
? |
1909[103] | Self-nomination | |
Luigi Luciani[gh] | November 23, 1842 Ascoli Piceno, Papal States |
June 23, 1919 Rome, Kingdom of Italy |
1909, 1913, 1914, 1916,[104] 1918,[105] 1919[106] | (id=5680) | |
William C. Gorgas[gi] | October 3, 1854 Toulminville, Alabama, United States |
July 3, 1920 London, United Kingdom |
1909, 1914, 1915, 1916,[107] 1918,[108] 1919 | (id=3555) | |
Heinrich Quincke[gj] | August 26, 1842 Frankfurt an der Oder, German Confederation |
May 19, 1922 Frankfurt am Main, Weimar Germany |
1909, 1910, 1911,[109] 1912, 1913, 1914,[110] 1918, 1919, 1920, 1922 | (id=7507) | |
Carl Flügge[gk] | September 12, 1847 Hanover, German Confederation |
December 10, 1923 Berlin, Weimar Germany |
1909, 1911,[111] 1914, 1919,[112] 1920, 1922 | (id=3076) | |
Emil Kraepelin[gl] | February 15, 1856 Neustrelitz, German Confederation |
October 7, 1926 Munich, Weimar Germany |
1909, 1911, 1917, 1918,[113] 1923, 1925, 1926 | (id=5016) |
1910–1919
[edit]Picture | Name | Born | Died | Years Nominated | Notes[3] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1910 | |||||
Robert Bárány[gm] | April 22, 1876 Vienna, Austria-Hungary |
April 8, 1936 Uppsala, Sweden |
1910, 1913, 1914 | Won the 1914 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine a year later[gn] (id=686) | |
Henri Huchard[go] | April 4, 1844 Auxon, Aube, France |
December 1, 1910 Clamart, France |
1909,[114] 1910 | (id=4342) | |
Octave Gengou | February 27, 1875 Ouffet, Belgium |
April 25, 1957 Brussels, Belgium |
1910 | Nominated jointly[gp] with J.Bordet by Ph.Ch.Ern.Gaucher the only time (id=3384) | |
Eduard Strasburger[gq] | February 1, 1844 Warsaw, Russian Empire |
May 18, 1912 Bonn, German Empire |
1910 | Nominated by Osc.Hertwig the only time (id=8825) | |
Edouard Van Beneden[gr] | March 5, 1846 Leuven, Belgium |
April 28, 1910 Liège, Belgium |
1910 | Nominated by Fernand Schiffers (id=8169) the only time but died before the only chance to be rewarded (id=9515) | |
Ludwig Edinger[gs] | April 13, 1855 Worms, German Confederation |
January 26, 1918 Frankfurt, German Empire |
1910 | (id=2687) | |
Karl Joseph Eberth[gt] | September 21, 1835 Würzburg, German Confederation |
December 2, 1926 Halensee, Berlin, Weimar Germany |
1910, 1911[115] | (id=2665) | |
John Hughlings Jackson[gu] | April 4, 1835 Providence Green, Green Hammerton, Yorkshire, United Kingdom |
October 7, 1911 London, England |
1910, 1912[116] | Nominated by F.M.Sandwith (id=8090) only (id=4507) | |
Louis Hubert Farabeuf[gv] | May 6, 1841 Bannost-Villegagnon, France |
August 13, 1910 Beton-Bazoches, French Third Republic |
1910[117] | Nominated by professor M.Pineda from Cádiz the only time but died before the only chance to be rewarded | |
Gustav Fritsch[gw] | March 5, 1838 Cottbus, German Confederation |
June 12, 1927 Berlin, Weimar Germany |
1910, 1911, 1912[118] | (id=3238) | |
Wilhelm Alexander Freund[gx] | August 26, 1833 Krappitz, German Confederation |
December 24, 1917 Berlin, German Empire |
1910, 1914 | (id=3218) | |
Wilhelm Heinrich Erb[gy] | November 30, 1840 Winnweiler, German Confederation |
October 29, 1921 Heidelberg, Weimar Germany |
1910, 1914 | (id=2808) | |
Ludimar Hermann[gz] | October 31, 1838 Berlin, German Confederation |
June 5, 1914 Königsberg, German Empire |
1910, 1914 | (id=4083) | |
Raphaël Lépine[ha] | July 6, 1840 Lyon, France |
November 17, 1919 |
1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914,[119] 1916 | (id=5395) | |
Friedrich von Müller[hb] | September 17, 1858 Augsburg, German Confederation |
November 18, 1941 Munich, Nazi Germany |
1910, 1917 | (id=9831 id=9832) | |
Nathan Zuntz[hc] | October 6, 1847 Bonn, German Confederation |
March 22, 1920 Berlin, Weimar Germany |
1910, 1919, 1920 | (id=10433) | |
Victor von Ebner[hd] | February 4, 1842 Bregenz, Austrian Empire |
March 20, 1925 Vienna, Austria |
1910, 1915,[96] 1922 | Nominated by G.A.Pommer (id=7332) from Innsbruck only (id=9735) | |
August von Wassermann[he] | February 21, 1866 Bamberg, German Confederation |
March 16, 1925 Berlin, Weimar Germany |
1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1919, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924 | (id=9887) | |
Bernhard Naunyn[hf] | September 2, 1839 Berlin, German Confederation |
July 26, 1925 Baden-Baden, Weimar Germany |
1910, 1918, 1922,[120] 1924,[121] 1925 | (id=6616) | |
Simon Flexner[hg] | March 25, 1863 Louisville, Kentucky, United States |
May 2, 1946 New York City, United States |
1910, 1912, 1913,[122] 1914, 1915, 1917, 1920, 1929 | (id=3065) | |
Paul Uhlenhuth[hh] | January 7, 1870 Hanover, North German Confederation |
December 13, 1957 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany |
1905,[123] 1910, 1911, 1914, 1915, 1920,[124] 1923, 1926, 1927,[125] 1928, 1929, 1930, 1932, 1933, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1952 | (id=9432) | |
1911 | |||||
Willem Einthoven[hi] | May 21, 1860 Semarang, Dutch East Indies |
September 29, 1927 Leiden, Netherlands |
1911, 1913, 1914, 1917, 1919,[126] 1920, 1921, 1922, 1924 | Won the 1924 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[hj] (id=2730) | |
Saturnin Arloing[hk] | January 3, 1846 Cusset, France |
March 21, 1911 Lyon, France |
1910,[127] 1911 | Died before the only chance to be rewarded (id=487) | |
Arthur van Gehuchten[hl] | April 20, 1861 Antwerp, Belgium |
December 9, 1914 Cambridge, England |
1911 | (id=9534) | |
Ivan Horbachevsky[hm] | May 15, 1854 Zarubińce, Galicia, Austrian Empire |
May 24, 1942 Prague, Nazi Germany |
1911 | Nominated by V.Janovský the only time (id=4306) | |
Sergei Winogradsky[hn] | September 1, 1856 Kiev, Russian Empire |
February 25, 1953 Brie-Comte-Robert, France |
1911 |
Nominated for Nobel Prize in Chemistry too. (id=10247) | |
Alexander Dogiel[ho] | January 27, 1852 Ponevezh, Russian Empire |
November 19, 1922 Petrograd, Russia |
1911 | Nominated by Vl.Palladin the only time (id=4306) | |
Jean Casimir Félix Guyon[hp] | July 21, 1831 Saint-Denis, Réunion, France |
August 2, 1920 Paris, France |
1911, 1920[128] | (id=3739) | |
Elias von Cyon[hq] | March 25, 1843 Telšiai, Russian Empire |
November 5, 1912 Paris, France |
1911[129] | Nominated by P.Albertoni the only time | |
Yves Delage | May 13, 1854 Avignon, France |
October 7, 1920 Sceaux, France |
1911, 1912, 1915 | Nominated jointly[hr] with J.Loeb only (id=2341) | |
Napoleon Nikodem Cybulski[hs] | September 14, 1854 Kryvanosy, Sventsyansky Uyezd, Vilna Governorate, Russian Empire |
April 26, 1919 Kraków, Poland |
1911, 1912,[130] 1914, 1918 | (id=2072) | |
Jaume Ferran i Clua[ht] | February 1, 1851 Corbera d'Ebre, Spain |
November 22, 1929 Barcelona, Spain |
1911, 1912, 1913, 1915, 1920, 1921 | (id=2959) | |
1912 | |||||
Alexis Carrel[hu] | June 28, 1873 Sainte-Foy-lès-Lyon, France |
November 5, 1944 Paris, France |
1911,[131] 1912, 1913 | Won the 1912 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[hv] (id=1621) | |
Svante Arrhenius[hw] | February 19, 1859 Wik Castle, Sweden |
October 2, 1927 Stockholm, Sweden |
1912, 1914 |
Won the 1903 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[hx] and nominated for Nobel Prize in Physics too (id=511) | |
Oscar Loew[hy] | April 2, 1844 Marktredwitz, German Confederation |
January 26, 1941 Berlin, Nazi Germany |
1912 | Nominated by R.Emmerich the only time (id=5579) | |
Louis-Antoine Ranvier[hz] | October 2, 1835 Lyon, France |
March 22, 1922 Vendranges, France |
1912 | Nominated by E.Suchard (id=8877) the only time (id=7561) | |
John Benjamin Murphy[ia] | December 21, 1857 Appleton, Wisconsin, United States |
August 11, 1916 Mackinac Island, Michigan, United States |
1912 | Nominated by W.A.Evans (id=2862) from Northwestern University the only time (id=6527) | |
Friedrich Trendelenburg[ib] | May 24, 1844 Berlin, German Confederation |
December 15, 1924 Nikolassee, Berlin, Weimar Germany |
1912 | Nominated by B.M.C.L.Riedel the only time (id=9340) | |
Camillo Bozzolo[ic] | May 30, 1845 Milan, Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia |
February 28, 1920 Turin, Kingdom of Italy |
1912, 1918[132] | (id=1265) | |
Alexandre-Guillaume Moutier[id] | ? |
? |
1912[133] | Nominated by professor Emmanuel Doumer (10.6.1858 Thenon - 3.10.1932 Lille) from Lille the only time | |
Joseph Denys[ie] | July 24, 1857 Ruisselede, Belgium |
March 27, 1932 |
1912[134] | Nominated by Manille Ide (3.3.1866 - 25.5.1945) (id=4437) the only time | |
Mary Edwards Walker[if] | November 26, 1832 Oswego, New York, United States |
February 21, 1919 Oswego, New York, United States |
1912[135] | Nominated by MD A.S.Helton from Washington, DC the only time | |
Sahachiro Hata[ig] | March 23, 1873 Masuda, Shimane, Japan |
November 22, 1938 Tokyo, Japan |
1912, 1913 |
Nominated for Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=3941) | |
Carlo Forlanini[ih] | June 11, 1847 Milan, Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia |
May 26, 1918 Nervi, Kingdom of Italy |
1912, 1913, 1914, 1917, 1919 | (id=8304) | |
Constantin von Monakow[ii] | November 4, 1853 Bobretsovo, Russian Empire |
October 19, 1930 Zürich, Switzerland |
1912, 1921 | Nominated by Fr.von Müller only (id=9828) | |
Arthur Looss[ij] | March 16, 1861 Chemnitz, German Confederation |
May 4, 1923 Giessen, Weimar Germany |
1912, 1923 | (id=5607) | |
Edoardo Perroncito[ik] | March 10, 1847 Viale, Piedmont, Kingdom of Sardinia |
November 4, 1936 Pavia, Kingdom of Italy |
1912, 1913,[136] 1914, 1923 | (id=7139) | |
Vladimir Bekhterev[il] | January 20, 1857 Sarali, Russian Empire |
December 24, 1927 Moscow, Russia |
1901,[137] 1902,[138] 1910,[139] 1912, 1914, 1916,[140] 1925 | (id=789) | |
Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer[im] | June 2, 1850 Hornsey, Middlesex, United Kingdom |
March 29, 1935 North Berwick, East Lothian, United Kingdom |
1910,[141]1912, 1913, 1929 | (id=8304 id=8476) | |
Hans Horst Meyer[in] | March 17, 1853 Insterburg, German Confederation |
October 6, 1939 Wienna, Austria |
1912, 1917, 1921, 1923, 1933, 1938 | (id=6233) | |
1913 | |||||
Lauder Brunton | March 14, 1844 Roxburgh, United Kingdom |
September 16, 1916 London, United Kingdom |
1913 | Nominated jointly[io] with Olof Hammarsten by E.Riegler the only time (id=1403) | |
Peter Freyer[ip] | July 2, 1851 Galway, United Kingdom |
September 9, 1921 London, United Kingdom |
1913 | Nominated by R.Ross the only time (id=3225) | |
Werke Ellenberger[iq] | March 28, 1848 Beiseförth, Hesse-Kassel, German Confederation |
May 5, 1929 Dresden, Weimar Germany |
1913 | Nominated by J.Vennerholm the only time (id=2759) | |
Thor Stenbeck[ir] | July 5, 1864 Övraby, Sweden |
August 9, 1914 Oscar Parish, Sweden |
1913 | Nominated by V.Michaut (id=6260) the only time (id=8771) | |
Biagio Longo[is] | February 4, 1872 Laino Borgo, Kingdom of Italy |
November 29, 1950 Rome, Italy |
1913 | Nominated by Annibale Salomoni (1854 Cremona - 18.4.1917 Rome) (id=8059) the only time (id=5604) | |
Charles Lucien de Beurmann[it] | December 6, 1851 Strasbourg, France |
November 26, 1923 Paris, France |
1913 | Nominated by Georges-Alfred Chavannaz (1866 - 1944) (id=1754) the only time (id=2189) | |
Jean-Louis Prévost[iu] | May 12, 1838 Geneva, Switzerland |
September 12, 1927 Geneva, Switzerland |
1913 | (id=7407) | |
William Küster[iv] | September 22, 1863 Leipzig, German Confederation |
March 5, 1929 Stuttgart, Weimar Germany |
1913 | Nominated with L.P.Marchlewski only and for Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=5112) | |
Leon Marchlewski[iw] | December 15, 1869 Włocławek, Russian Empire |
January 16, 1946 Kraków, Poland |
1913, 1914 |
Nominated for Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=5896) | |
José Gómez Ocaña[ix] | October 28, 1860 Malaga, Spain |
July 26, 1919 Madrid, Spain |
1913, 1916, 1918 | Nominated by Antonio Morales i Pérez (19.4.1848 Álora – 07.12.1930 Barcelona) (id=6400 id=6399) only (id=6814) | |
Johannes von Kries[iy] | October 6, 1853 Roggenhausen, German Confederation |
December 30, 1928 Freiburg im Breisgau, Weimar Germany |
1913, 1917, 1920, 1924[121] | (id=9801) | |
James Mackenzie[iz] | April 12, 1853 Scone, Scotland United Kingdom |
January 26, 1925 London, United Kingdom |
1913, 1919, 1920, 1921 | (id=5774) | |
Carlos Chagas[ja] | July 9, 1879 Oliveira, Minas Gerais, Empire of Brazil |
November 8, 1934 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
1913, 1914,[142] 1921, 1922,[143] 1928[144] | (id=1702) | |
William Bayliss | May 2, 1860 Wednesbury, United Kingdom |
August 27, 1924 London, England |
1913, 1914 | Nominated jointly[jb] with Ern.Starling only (id=777) | |
Ernest Starling[jc] | April 17, 1866 London, United Kingdom |
May 2, 1927 Kingston Harbour, British Empire |
1913, 1914, 1926, 1927[145] | (id=8739) | |
Hideyo Noguchi[jd] | April 17, 1866 Inawashiro, Fukushima, Japan |
May 2, 1927 Accra, Gold Coast, British Empire |
1913, 1914, 1915, 1920, 1921, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928[146] | (id=6740) | |
Emil Abderhalden[je] | March 9, 1877 Oberuzwil, Switzerland |
August 5, 1950 Zürich, Switzerland |
1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1926, 1927, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1936 |
Nominated for Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=282) | |
Jean Hyacinthe Vincent[jf] | December 22, 1862 Bordeaux, France |
November 23, 1950 Paris, France |
1913, 1918, 1919,[147] 1920, 1921, 1922,[148] 1928, 1935, 1936, 1937 | (id=9659 id=9660) | |
Ross Granville Harrison[jg] | January 13, 1870 Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States |
September 30, 1959 New Haven, Connecticut, United States |
1913, 1914, 1917, 1919, 1920, 1925,[149] 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1941 | (id=3910) | |
1914 | |||||
Christiaan Eijkman[jh] | August 11, 1858 Nijkerk, Netherlands |
November 5, 1930 Utrecht, Netherlands |
1914, 1915,[150] 1917, 1919, 1920, 1921, 1924,[151] 1925, 1926, 1927, 1929 | Shared the 1929 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[ji] (id=2723) with Fr.G.Hopkins | |
Vasili Razumovsky[jj] | April 8, 1857 Efimovka, Buzuluksky Uyezd, Russian Empire |
April 7, 1935 Yessentuki, Russia |
1914 | Nominated by I.M.Dogiel the only time (id=7577) | |
Jean-Pierre Rousselot[jk] | October 14, 1846 Saint-Claud, France |
December 16, 1924 Paris, France |
1914 | Nominated by Aug.Chaillou the only time (id=7920) | |
William Hunter[jl] | June 1, 1861 Ballantrae, United Kingdom |
January 13, 1937 London, United Kingdom |
1914 | Nominated by Andrew Melville Paterson (1862 Manchester - 13.2.1919) (id=7024) the only time (id=4380) | |
Samuel James Meltzer[jm] | March 22, 1851 Kovno Governorate, Russian Empire |
November 7, 1920 New York, United States |
1914 | (id=6119) | |
Umetaro Suzuki[jn] | April 7, 1874 Makinohara, Shizuoka, Japan |
September 20, 1943 Tokyo, Japan |
1914 |
Nominated for Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=8912) | |
Edward Tyson Reichert[jo] | February 5, 1855 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States |
December 23, 1931 St. Petersburg, Florida, United States |
1914, 1922[152] | (id=7627) | |
Bernhard Krönig[jp] | January 27, 1863 Bielefeld, German confederation |
October 29, 1917 Freiburg im Breisgau, German Empire |
1914, 1917 | (id=5078 id=5119) | |
Franz Nissl[jq] | September 9, 1860 Frankenthal, German confederation |
August 11, 1919 Munich, Weimar Germany |
1914, 1919 | (id=6716) | |
Hermann Sahli[jr] | May 23, 1856 Bern, Switzerland |
April 28, 1933 Bern, Switzerland |
1914, 1924 | (id=8043) | |
Casimir Funk[js] | February 23, 1884 Warsaw, Russian Empire |
November 19, 1967 Albany, New York, United States |
1914, 1925 |
Nominated for Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=3272) | |
Clemens von Pirquet[jt] | May 12, 1874 Hirschstetten, Austria-Hungary |
February 28, 1929 Vienna, Austria |
1914, 1920, 1926,[153] 1928, 1929 | (id=9839) | |
Joseph Babinski[ju] | November 17, 1857 Paris, France |
October 29, 1932 Paris, France |
1914, 1915,[154] 1924, 1928, 1932 | (id=591) | |
Edoardo Maragliano[jv] | June 1, 1849 Genoa, Kingdom of Sardinia |
March 10, 1940 Genoa, Kingdom of Italy |
1910,[155] 1914, 1932, 1940 | (id=5886) | |
Ferdinand Sauerbruch[jw] | July 3, 1875 Barmen, German Empire |
July 2, 1951 Berlin, Germany |
1913,[156] 1914, 1918, 1919, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1931, 1934, 1935,[157] 1937, 1938,[158] 1951 | (id=8114) | |
1915 - this year Prize was not awarded | |||||
Bailey Ashford[jx] | September 18, 1873 Washington, D.C., United States |
November 1, 1934 San Juan, Puerto Rico |
1915 | (id=532) | |
Louis Bolk[jy] | December 10, 1866 Overschie, Rotterdam, Netherlands |
June 17, 1930 Amsterdam, Netherlands |
1915 | (id=1129) | |
Frederick F. Russell[jz] | August 17, 1870 Auburn, New York, United States |
December 29, 1960 |
1915 | (id=7979) | |
Sigmund Freud[ka] | May 6, 1856 Freiberg in Mähren, Moravia, Austrian Empire |
September 23, 1939 Hampstead, London, United Kingdom |
1915, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1920, 1927, 1929, 1932, 1933, 1936, 1937, 1938 |
Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too (id=3209) | |
S. P. L. Sørensen[kb] | January 9, 1868 Havrebjerg, Denmark |
February 12, 1939 Copenhagen, Denmark |
1915, 1919, 1925, 1934, 1939 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=8972) | |
August Pi Suñer[kc] | August 12, 1879 Barcelona, Spain |
January 12, 1965 Mexico City, Mexico |
1915, 1920, 1945,[159] 1948, 1949 | (id=7217) | |
1916 - this year Prize was not awarded | |||||
Gustav Zander[kd] | 29 March 1835 Stockholm, Sweden |
17 June 1920 Engelbrekt Parish, Stockholm, Sweden |
1916 | Nominated by S.Em.P.Haglund the only time (id=10376) | |
Bernhard Sigmund Schultze[ke] | December 29, 1827 Freiburg im Breisgau, German Confederation |
April 17, 1919 Jena, Weimar Germany |
1916 | Nominated by Otto Küstner the only time (id=8254) | |
Richard Seefelder[kf] | October 17, 1875 Nesslbach, German Empire |
October 12, 1949 Innsbruck, Austria |
1916 | Nominated by M.Salzmann the only time (id=8377) | |
Stephanos Kartulis[kg] | October 9, 1852 Chios, Ottoman Empire |
April 1920 Alexandria, British protectorate Sultanate of Egypt |
1916 | Nominated by R.Ross the only time (id=4723) | |
William St. Clair Symmers, Sr.[kh] | October 4, 1863 South Carolina, United States |
October 4, 1937 Belfast, United Kingdom |
1916 | Nominated by Gr.Ell.Smith the only time (id=8944) | |
Francois Henrijean[ki] | December 19, 1860 Spa, Belgium |
August 18, 1932 Spa, Belgium |
1916, 1920[160] | Nominated by H.Frenkel (id=3204) only (id=4058) | |
Pierre Germain Marie Le Damany[kj] | May 27, 1870 Lannion, France |
April 20, 1963 Rennes, France |
1916[161] | ||
Rudolf Kraus[kk] | October 31, 1868 Jungbunzlau, Austria-Hungary |
July 15, 1932 Santiago, Chile |
1916[162] | ||
Alejandro Mary | 1844 |
1915 |
1916 | Nominated posthumously jointly[kl] with Albert Mary (id=5967) by R.R.Méndez the only time (id=5968) | |
Albert Mary[km] | 1888 |
1928 |
1916, 1918 | Nominated by R.R.Méndez only (id=5967 id=5966) | |
Hartog Jacob Hamburger[kn] | March 9, 1859 Alkmaar, Netherlands |
January 4, 1924 Groningen, Netherlands |
1906,[12] 1916, 1919, 1920, 1921 |
Nominated for Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=3834) | |
Joseph Goldberger[ko] | July 16, 1874 Girált, Austria-Hungary |
January 17, 1929 Washington, D.C., United States |
1916, 1925, 1929 | (id=3507) | |
1917 - this year Prize was not awarded | |||||
Armand Gautier[kp] | September 23, 1837 Narbonne, France |
July 27, 1920 Cannes, France |
1913,[163] 1917 |
Nominated for Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=3364) | |
Edmund Beecher Wilson[kq] | October 19, 1856 Geneva, Illinois, United States |
March 3, 1939 New York, United States |
1917 | Nominated by K.Alb.L.Aschoff the only time (id=10217) | |
Hermann Gutzmann[kr] | January 29, 1865 Bütow, German Confederation |
November 4, 1922 Berlin, Weimar Republic |
1917 | Nominated by Emil Bloch (11.12.1847 Emmendingen - 1920) (id=1079) the only time (id=3734) | |
Albert Auguste Toussaint Brachet[ks] | January 1, 1869 Liège, Belgium |
December 27, 1930 Brussels, Belgium |
1917 | Nominated by Fr.J.Keibel the only time (id=1269) | |
William H. Welch[kt] | April 8, 1850 Norfolk, Connecticut, United States |
April 30, 1934 Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, United States |
1917, 1920,[164] 1921[165] | (id=10072) | |
Frank Billings[ku] | April 2, 1854 Highland, United States |
September 20, 1932 Chicago, United States |
1917, 1924 | (id=1014) | |
Ludolf von Krehl[kv] | December 26, 1861 Leipzig, German Confederation |
May 26, 1937 Heidelberg, Nazi Germany |
1917, 1932 | (id=9800) | |
Ludwig Aschoff[kw] | January 10, 1866 Berlin, German Confederation |
June 24, 1942 Freiburg im Breisgau, Nazi Germany |
1917, 1920, 1923, 1930, 1933, 1934 | (id=526) | |
William James Mayo[kx] | June 29, 1861 Le Sueur, Minnesota, United States |
July 28, 1939 Rochester, Minnesota, United States |
1910,[166] 1917, 1921, 1934, 1937 | (id=6023) | |
William Stewart Halsted[ky] | September 23, 1852 New York, United States |
September 7, 1922 Baltimore, United States |
1917 | Nominated with V.Czerny and H.W.Cushing by Em.Th.Kocher the only time (id=3823) | |
Harvey Cushing[kz] | April 8, 1869 Cleveland, Ohio, United States |
October 7, 1939 New Haven, Connecticut, United States |
1917, 1923, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939 | (id=2065) | |
1918 - this year Prize was not awarded | |||||
Fritz Pregl[la] | September 3, 1869 Laibach, Duchy of Carniola, Austria-Hungary |
December 13, 1930 Graz, Styria, Austria |
1918, 1921, 1923 | Won the 1923 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[lb](id=7399) | |
Julius Hirschberg[lc] | September 18, 1843 Potsdam, German Confederation |
February 17, 1925 Berlin, Weimar Republic |
1918 | (id=4210) Nominated jointly by K.Sudhoff the only time (id=7063) | |
Erwin_Payr | February 17, 1871 Innsbruck, Austria-Hungary |
April 6, 1946 Leipzig, Germany | |||
Alexander A. Maximow[ld] | February 3, 1874 Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire |
December 4, 1928 Chicago, United States |
1918 | Nominated by Al.Dogiel the only time (id=6010) | |
Abraham Jacobi[le] | May 6, 1830 Hartum, German Confederation |
July 10, 1919 Bolton Landing, New York, United States |
1918 | Nominated by I.W.Troitzky (1856-1923) (id=9360) the only time (id=4514) | |
Otto Heubner | January 21, 1843 Mühltroff, German Confederation |
October 17, 1926 Loschwitz, Weimar Germany |
1918[167] | Nominated by C.T.Noeggerath the only time | |
Shimanowski, Alexander Philippovich[lf] |
July 16, 1860 Kiev Governorate, Russian Empire |
January 3, 1918 Kiev, Ukraine |
1918[168] | Al.Ph.Shimanowski died before the only chance to be rewarded. Self-nominations | |
Kianizine, Ivan Ivanovich[lg] |
September 6, 1855 Kharkov Governorate, Russian Empire |
after 1923 ? |
1918,[169] 1919[170] | ||
1919 - Prize has been awarded a year later | |||||
August Krogh[lh] | November 15, 1874 Grenå, Denmark |
September 13, 1949 Copenhagen, Denmark |
1919, 1920 | Won the 1920 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[li] (id=5058) | |
Charles Nicolle[lj] | September 21, 1866 Rouen, France |
February 28, 1936 Tunis, French Tunisia |
1919, 1920, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928 | Won the 1928 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[lk] (id=6686) | |
Auguste Forel[ll] | September 1, 1848 villa La Gracieuse at Morges, Switzerland |
July 27, 1931 Yvorne, Switzerland |
1905,[171] 1914,[172] 1919 | (id=3111) Nominated for Nobel Peace Prize too. (id=3112) | |
Hermann Oppenheim[lm] | January 1, 1858 Warburg, German Confederation |
May 5, 1919 Berlin, Weimar Germany |
1919 | Nominated by N.Zuntz the only time but died before the only chance to be rewarded (id=6871) | |
Auguste Trillat[ln] | February 14, 1861 Le Pont-de-Beauvoisin, Isère, France |
April 2, 1944 Douar Ech Chott, French Tunisia |
1919 | Nominated by Ch.L.Alph.Laveran the only time (id=9354) | |
Ido, Yutaka | 1881 Okayama, Japan |
1919 Tokyo, Japan |
1919 | Nominated with J.J.B.V.Bordet and jointly[lo] with R.Inada (id=4448) by L.Martin the only time (id=4438) | |
Inada, Ryokichi[lp] | 1874 Nagoya, Japan |
1950 |
1919, 1923[173] | (id=4448) | |
Francis Gano Benedict[lq] | October 3, 1870 Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States |
April 14, 1957 Machiasport, Maine, United States |
1919, 1934[174] | (id=856) | |
Robert Taces[lr] | ? |
? |
1919[175] | Nominated by Andrew Melville Paterson (1862 Manchester - 13.2.1919) (id=7024) the only time | |
Karl Sudhoff[ls] | November 26, 1853 Frankfurt am Main, German Confederation |
October 8, 1938 Salzwedel, Nazi Germany |
1919, 1923 | (id=8881) | |
Robert Tigerstedt[lt] | February 28, 1853 Helsingfors, Russian Empire |
February 12, 1923 Helsinki, Finland |
1919, 1923 | (id=9269) | |
Hendrik Zwaardemaker[lu] | May 10, 1857 Haarlem, Netherlands |
September 19, 1930 Utrecht, Netherlands |
1919, 1923, 1928, 1930 | (id=10442) | |
Salomon Eberhard Henschen[lv] | February 28, 1847 Uppsala, Sweden |
December 16, 1930 Stockholm, Sweden |
1919, 1920, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1930, 1931 | (id=4067) | |
Joseph Barcroft[lw] | July 26, 1872 Newry, United Kingdom |
March 21, 1947 Cambridge, England |
1919, 1926, 1929, 1931, 1933, 1936, 1937, 1939, 1942,[176] 1943 | (id=698) | |
Carl Neuberg[lx] | July 29, 1877 Hanover, German Empire |
May 30, 1956 New York, United States |
1919, 1920, 1925, 1930, 1932, 1934, 1952 | Nominated for Nobel Prize in Chemistry too. (id=6657) |
1920–1929
[edit]Picture | Name | Born | Died | Years Nominated | Notes[3] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1920 | |||||
Johannes Fibiger[ly] | April 23, 1867 Silkeborg, Denmark |
January 30, 1928 Copenhagen, Denmark |
1920, 1921,[177] 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928 | Won the 1926 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine a year later[lz] (id=2978) | |
Thomas Hunt Morgan[ma] | September 25, 1866 Lexington, Kentucky, United States |
December 4, 1945 Pasadena, California, United States |
1920, 1921, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934[178] | Won the 1933 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[mb] (id=6428) | |
John Brian Christopherson[mc] | April 30, 1868 Batley, Yorkshire, United Kingdom |
July 21, 1955 Lydney, England, United Kingdom |
1920 | (id=1792) | |
Luis Agote | September 22, 1868 Buenos Aires, Argentina |
November 12, 1954 Turdera, Argentina |
1920 | (id=576) Nominated jointly [md] by V.Izq.Sanfuentes the only time (id=4568) (id=5447) | |
Émile Jeanbrau | October 1, 1873 Alès, France |
May 14, 1950 Montpellier, France | |||
Richard Lewisohn | July 12, 1875 Hamburg, German Empire |
August 11, 1961 New York, United States | |||
Erich Lexer[me] | May 22, 1867 Freiburg im Breisgau, Grand Duchy of Baden |
December 4, 1937 Berlin, Nazi Germany |
1920 | Nominated by K.Alb.L.Aschoff the only time (id=5450) | |
Hans Held[mf] | August 8, 1866 Neukloster, German Confederation |
December 8 or 15, 1942 Leipzig, Nazi Germany |
1920 | Nominated by F.Sieglbauer the only time (id=4025) | |
Antonio Grossich[mg] | June 7, 1849 Draguć, Austrian_Empire |
October 1, 1926 Fiume, Kingdom of Italy |
1920 | Nominated by F.Krause the only time (id=3662) | |
Rufus Cole[mh] | April 30, 1872 Rowsburg, Ohio, United States |
April 20, 1966 Washington, D.C., United States |
1920 | Nominated by L.Emm.Holt the only time (id=1879) | |
Antoine Depage[mi] | November 28, 1862 Watermael-Boitsfort, Belgium |
June 10, 1925 The Hague, Netherlands |
1920[179] | Nominated by professor Baron from Dijon the only time | |
Arthur Biedl[mj] | October 4, 1869 Kiskomlós, Arch-Kingdom of Hungary |
August 26, 1933 Steinbach am Attersee, Austria |
1920[180] | Nominated by H.Preisz the only time | |
Howard Taylor Ricketts[mk] | February 9, 1871 Findlay, Ohio, United States |
May 3, 1910 Mexico City, Mexico |
1920[181] | Nominated posthumously by A.Korányi the only time | |
Henri Dominici[ml] | 1867 Stretford, United Kingdom |
May 21, 1919 Paris, France | |||
Karl Oskar Medin[mm] | August 14, 1847 Axberg, Närke, Sweden |
December 24, 1927 Stockholm, Sweden |
1920[182] | Nominated by J.Bókay, Jr. the only time | |
Gustav Killian[mn] | June 2, 1860 Mainz, German Confederation |
February 24, 1921 Berlin, Weimar Germany |
1906,[183] 1918,[184] 1920, 1921 | (id=4839) | |
Wilhelm Johannsen[mo] | February 3, 1857 Elsinore, Denmark |
November 11, 1927 Copenhagen, Denmark |
1920, 1923 | (id=4601) | |
Leonardo Bianchi[mp] | April 5, 1848 San Bartolomeo in Galdo, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies |
February 13, 1927 Naples, Kingdom of Italy |
1918,[185] 1920, 1921, 1922, 1926, 1927[186] | (id=989) | |
Heinrich Braun[mq] | January 1, 1862 Rawitsch, Province of Posen, German Confederation |
April 26, 1934 Überlingen, Weimar Germany |
1920, 1930, 1933[187] | (id=1301) | |
Oscar Bernhard[mr] | May 24, 1861 Samedan, Switzerland |
November 14, 1939 St. Moritz, Switzerland |
1920, 1924, 1927, 1929, 1932 | (id=936) | |
Auguste Rollier[ms] | October 1, 1874 Saint-Aubin, Fribourg, Switzerland |
October 30, 1954 Vaud, Switzerland |
1920, 1924, 1930, 1932, 1933 | (id=7835) | |
Alexandre Besredka[mt] | March 29, 1870 Odessa, Russian Empire |
February 28, 1940 Paris, France |
1920, 1924, 1932, 1934 | (id=965) | |
John Scott Haldane[mu] | May 2, 1860 Edinburgh, United Kingdom |
March 14/15, 1936 Oxford, United Kingdom |
1920, 1926, 1935 | (id=3792) | |
Robert McCarrison[mv] | March 15, 1878 Portadown, United Kingdom |
May 18, 1960 Oxford, United Kingdom |
1920, 1921,[188] 1937 | (id=6044) | |
Oskar Vogt[mw] | April 6, 1870 Husum, North German Confederation |
July 30, 1959 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany |
1920, 1922, 1923, 1924,[189] 1926, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1937, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953 | (id=9692) | |
1921 - this year Prize was not awarded | |||||
Karl Landsteiner[mx] | June 14, 1868 Baden bei Wien, Austria-Hungary |
June 26, 1943 New York, United States |
1913,[190] 1921, 1922, 1923, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931 | Won the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[my] (id=5205) | |
Ernst Fuchs[mz] | June 14, 1851 Vienna, Austrian Empire |
November 21, 1930 Vienna, Austria |
1921 | Nominated by Manuel Márquez Rodríguez the only time (id=3264) | |
Joseph Jules Dejerine | August 3, 1849 Geneva, Switzerland |
February 26, 1917 Paris, France |
1921 | Nominated posthumously with H.H.Meyer and C.von Monakow by Fr.von Müller the only time (id=2336) | |
Charles Willems[na] | December 5, 1859 Ghent, Belgium |
January 19, 1930 Liège, Belgium |
1921 | Nominated by William Thomas Coughlin (id=1992) the only time (id=10202) | |
Arthur Isaac Kendall[nb] | May 7, 1877 Somerville, Massachusetts, United States |
June 20, 1959 La Jolla, United States |
1921 | Nominated by Frederick Robert Zeit (id=10391) the only time (id=4787) | |
Pierre Marie[nc] | September 9, 1853 Paris, France |
April 13, 1940 Neuilly-sur-Seine, France |
1921 | (id=5915) | |
Henri Duret[nd] | July 7, 1849 Condé-sur-Noireau, France |
April 7, 1921 Lille, France |
1921, 1922[191] | Died before the only chance to be rewarded (id=2614) | |
Eugène Gley[ne] | January 18, 1857 Épinal, France |
October 24, 1930 Paris, France |
1915,[192] 1920,[193] 1921, 1922,[194] 1923,[195] 1924,[196] 1925, 1926, 1927,[197] 1928, 1931 | (id=3484) | |
Nicolas Maurice Arthus[nf] | January 9, 1862 Angers, France |
February 24, 1945 Fribourg, Switzerland |
1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926,[198] 1927, 1929, 1930, 1934 | (id=515) | |
Eugen Steinach[ng] | January 28, 1861 Hohenems, Austrian Empire |
May 14, 1944 Territet, Switzerland |
1920,[199] 1921, 1922, 1927, 1930, 1934, 1938 | (id=8765) | |
Walter Bradford Cannon[nh] | October 19, 1871 Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, United States |
October 1, 1945 Franklin, New Hampshire, United States |
1921, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1945 | (id=1584) | |
1922 - Prize has been awarded a year later | |||||
Edward Calvin Kendall[ni] | March 8, 1886 South Norwalk, Connecticut, United States |
May 4, 1972 Princeton, New Jersey, United States |
1922, 1925, 1928, 1930, 1931, 1932,[200] 1937, 1938, 1941, 1942,[201] 1950, 1951 | Shared the 1950 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Ph.Sh.Hench and T.Reichstein[nj] and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=4789) | |
Benjamin Lipschütz[nk] | October 4, 1878 Brody, Austria-Hungary |
December 20, 1931 Vienna, Austria |
1922 | Nominated by Ludwig Merk (Graz: 1.3.1862-29.8.1925) (id=6194) the only time (id=5535) | |
Bartolomeo Gosio[nl] | March 17, 1863 Magliano Alfieri, Kingdom of Sardinia |
April 13, 1944 Rome, Kingdom of Italy |
1922 | Nominated by Pietro Canalis (27.10.1856 Osilo - 1939) (id=1574 id=1573) the only time (id=5535) | |
Heinrich Jakob Bechhold[nm] | November 13, 1866 Frankfurt am Main, North German Confederation |
February 17, 1937 Frankfurt am Main, Nazi Germany |
1922 | Nominated by Richard Ritter von Zeynek (9.12.1869 Graz – 28.6.1945 Passau) (id=10402 id=9897) the only time (id=788) | |
Guido Banti[nn] | June 8, 1852 Montebicchieri, Grand Duchy of Tuscany |
January 8, 1925 Florence, Kingdom of Italy |
1922 | Nominated by Dante Pacchioni (id=6939) the only time (id=679) | |
Baumel | ? |
? |
1922[202] | Self-nomination | |
Rudolf Magnus[no] | September 2, 1873 Brunswick, German Empire |
July 25, 1927 Pontresina, France |
1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927 | (id=5811) | |
Constantin Levaditi[np] | August 1, 1874 Galați, Romania, Ottoman Empire |
September 5, 1953 Paris, France |
1922, 1924, 1927, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1938, 1939 | (id=5418) | |
Cécile Vogt-Mugnier | March 27, 1875 Annecy, France |
May 4, 1962 Cambridge, United Kingdom |
1922, 1923, 1926, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1950, 1951, 1953 | Nominated jointly[nq] with Osk.Vogt only (id=9688) | |
1923 | |||||
Archibald Hill[nr] | September 26, 1886 Bristol, United Kingdom |
June 3, 1977 Cambridge, England |
1923 | (id=4180)[ns] Shared the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine a year later (id=6247)[nt] | |
Otto Fritz Meyerhof[nu] | April 12, 1884 Hanover, German Empire |
October 6, 1951 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States | |||
John James Rickard Macleod[nv] | September 6, 1876 Clunie, Perthshire, United Kingdom |
March 16, 1935 Aberdeen, Scotland |
1923, 1924[203] | (id=5782) Shared the 1923 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[nw] (id=681) | |
Frederick Banting[nx] | November 14, 1891 Alliston, Canada |
February 21, 1941 near Musgrave Harbour, Dominion of Newfoundland |
1923, 1924 | ||
Frederick Gowland Hopkins[ny] | June 20, 1861 Eastbourne, United Kingdom |
May 16, 1947 Cambridge, England |
1922,[204] 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927,[205] 1928, 1929 | Shared the 1929 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[nz] with Chr.Eijkman and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=4303) | |
Otto Heinrich Warburg[oa] | October 8, 1883 Freiburg im Breisgau, German Empire |
August 1, 1970 West Berlin, Germany |
1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932,[206] 1944 |
Won the 1931 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[ob] and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=9984) | |
Giuliano Vanghetti[oc] | October 8, 1861 Greve, Kingdom of Italy |
May 4, 1940 Empoli, Kingdom of Italy |
1920,[207] 1923 | Nominated by Albr.J.Th.Bethe the only time (id=9557) | |
Georg Matthias Martin Josef Sticker[od] | April 18, 1860 Cologne, German Confederation |
August 28, 1960 Zell am Main, Germany |
1923 | Nominated by K.Sudhoff the only time (id=8788) | |
Friedrich Dessauer[oe] | July 19, 1881 Aschaffenburg, German Empire |
February 16, 1963 Frankfurt am Main, Germany |
1923 |
Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too (id=2399) | |
Maud Slye[of] | February 8, 1879 Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States |
September 17, 1954 Chicago, Illinois, United States |
1923 | Nominated by Albert Soiland (1873-1946) (id=8647) the only time (id=8594) | |
Ludwig Alfred Seitz[og] | May 24, 1872 Pfaffenhofen an der Roth, German Empire |
June 19, 1961 Pfaffenhofen an der Roth, Germany |
1923[208] | Nominated by P.A.Suarez from Quito the only time | |
Hermann Ludwig Wintz[oh] | August 12, 1887 Speyer, German Empire |
June 11, 1947 Zusmarshausen, Germany |
1923,[208] 1928[209] | ||
Paul Flechsig[oi] | June 29, 1847 Zwickau, German Confederation |
July 22, 1929 Leipzig, Weimar Germany |
1923, 1924 | (id=3051) | |
Julius Morgenroth[oj] | October 19, 1871 Bamberg, German Empire |
December 20, 1924 Berlin, Weimar Germany |
1923, 1924 | (id=6431) | |
Anatole Chauffard[ok] | August 22, 1855 Avignon, France |
November 1, 1932 Paris, France |
1923, 1924 | (id=1748) | |
Hans Sachs[ol] | June 6, 1877 Kattowitz, German Empire |
March 25, 1945 Dublin, Republic of Ireland |
1923, 1926 | (id=8028) | |
Adrianus Paulus Hubertus Antonius de Kleyn[om] | October 14, 1883 Ameide, Netherlands |
May 11, 1949 Amsterdam, Netherlands |
1923, 1926,[210] 1927, 1929 | (id=2240) | |
Philippe Antoine Lasseur[on] | June 27, 1882 Courçais, France |
January 10, 1946 Nancy(?), France |
1923, 1930 | Nominated by J.P.Vuillemin only (id=5257) | |
Rudolf Höber[oo] | December 27, 1873 Stettin, German Empire |
September 5, 1953 Philadelphia, United States |
1923, 1929, 1931 | (id=4423) | |
Gustav Embden[op] | November 10, 1874 Hamburg, German Empire |
July 25, 1933 Nassau, Nazi Germany |
1923, 1924, 1927, 1929, 1930, 1932, 1933 |
Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=2780) | |
Wilhelm Kolle[oq] | November 2, 1868 Lerbach, Osterode am Harz, North German Confederation |
May 10, 1935 Berlin, Nazi Germany |
1923, 1930, 1934 | (id=4968) | |
Jakob Johann von Uexküll[or] | September 8, 1864 Keblas Manor, Sankt Michaelis, Wiek County, Russian Empire |
July 25, 1944 Capri, Kingdom of Italy |
1923, 1926, 1929, 1936, 1937[211] | (id=9880) | |
Leonor Michaelis[os] | January 16, 1875 Berlin, German Empire |
October 8, 1949 New York, United States |
1923, 1924, 1926, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1949 | (id=6257) | |
1924 | |||||
Hans Spemann[ot] | June 27, 1869 Stuttgart, Kingdom of Württemberg |
September 9, 1941 near Freiburg, Nazi Germany |
1924, 1925,[149] 1926, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936 | Won the 1935 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[ou](id=8689) | |
Victor Babeș[ov] | July 28, 1854 Vienna, Austrian Empire |
October 19, 1926 Bucharest, Romania |
1914,[212] 1924 | (id=590) | |
Friedrich Martius[ow] | September 7, 1850 Erxleben, Börde, German Confederation |
October 1, 1923 Rostock, Weimar Germany |
1924 | Nominated posthumously by H.Curschmann the only time (id=5959) | |
Thomas Ionnesco[ox] | September 13, 1860 Ploiești, Romania, Ottoman Empire |
March 28, 1926 Bucharest, Romania |
1924 | (id=4481) | |
Ernst Freund[oy] | December 15, 1863 Vienna, Austrian Empire |
June 2, 1946 London, England |
1924 | Nominated by D.R.Werner the only time (id=3213) | |
Hermann Philipp Rudolf Stieve[oz] | May 22, 1886 Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria |
September 6, 1952 West Berlin, Germany |
1924 | Nominated by W.Lubosch the only time (id=8792) | |
Arturo Donaggio[pa] | October 11, 1868 Falconara Marittima, Kingdom of Italy |
October 8, 1942 Bologna, Kingdom of Italy |
1924, 1925[213] | (id=2498) | |
Friedrich Karl Kleine[pb] | May 14, 1869 Stralsund, North German Confederation |
March 22, 1951 Johannesburg, Union of South Africa |
1911,[214] 1924, 1926 | (id=4893) | |
Martin Heidenhain[pc] | December 7, 1864 Breslau, German Confederation |
December 14, 1949 Tübingen, Germany |
1924, 1930 | (id=3998) | |
David Marine[pd] | September 20, 1880 Whiteleysburg, Maryland, United States |
November 6, 1976 Lewes, Delaware, United States |
1924, 1925, 1931, 1932[200] | (id=5917) | |
Otto Folin[pe] | April 4, 1867 Åseda, Småland, Sweden |
October 25, 1934 Boston, United States |
1920,[215] 1924, 1925, 1927, 1931, 1932 | (id=3094) | |
Félix d'Hérelle[pf] | April 25, 1873 Paris, France |
February 22, 1949 Paris, France |
1924, 1925, 1926, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1937 | (id=2649) | |
Thomas Lewis[pg] | December 26, 1881 Taffs Well, Cardiff, United Kingdom |
March 17, 1945 Loudwater, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom |
1924, 1931, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1940 | (id=5445) | |
Herbert McLean Evans[ph] | September 23, 1882 Modesto, California, United States |
March 6, 1971 Berkeley, California, United States |
1924, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1942, 1944,[216] 1946, 1949, 1950, 1952, 1953 | (id=2859) | |
Donald Van Slyke[pi] | March 29, 1883 Pike, New York, United States |
May 4, 1971 Brookhaven, New York, United States |
1924, 1929, 1936, 1937, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1953 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=9549) | |
1925 - this year Prize was not awarded | |||||
Julius Wagner-Jauregg[pj] | March 7, 1857 Wels, Austrian_Empire |
September 27, 1940 Vienna, Nazi Germany |
1925, 1926, 1927, 1928 | Won the 1927 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[pk] (id=9927) | |
Maurice Crowther Hall[pl] | July 15, 1881 Golden, Colorado, United States |
May 1, 1938 |
1925 | (id=3808) | |
John Irvine Hunter[pm] | January 24, 1898 Bendigo, Australia |
December 10, 1924 London, United Kingdom |
1925 | Nominated posthumously (id=4379) | |
Sigmund Fraenkel[pn] | May 22, 1868 Krakau, Austria-Hungary |
June 7, 1939 Geneva, Switzerland |
1925 | Nominated with E.Gley by Domenico Lo Monaco (31.7.1863 Bagheria - 19.4.1930 Rome) (id=5551) the only time (id=3259) | |
Peter Rona (Rosenfeld)[po] | May 13, 1871 Budapest, Arch-Kingdom of Hungary |
February or March 1945 Auschwitz concentration camp, Nazi Germany |
1925 | Nominated with C.A.Neuberg and S. P. L. Sørensen by Ad.Bickel the only time (id=7849) | |
John Weston Nuzum[pp] | June 16, 1890 Brodhead, Wisconsin, United States |
1953 Illinois, United States |
1925 | ) the only time (id=6794) | |
Otto Naegeli[pq] | July 9, 1871 Ermatingen, Switzerland |
March 11, 1938 Zürich, Switzerland |
1925 | (id=6588) Nominated by Arthur William Meyer (1873–1966) (id=6224) the only time (id=4709) | |
C. U. Ariëns Kappers[pr] | August 9, 1877 Groningen, Netherlands |
July 28, 1946 Amsterdam, Netherlands | |||
Paul Otto Max Frosch[ps] | August 15, 1860 Jüterbog, German Confederation |
June 2, 1928 Berlin, Weimar Germany |
1925 | Nominated by R.du Bois-Reymond the only time (id=3245) | |
Holger Christian Møllgaard[pt] | May 20, 1885 |
December 30, 1928 |
1925 | Nominated by John Grönberg (id=3685) the only time (id=6581) | |
Oscar-Jean Rapin[pu] | February 5, 1878 Lausanne, Switzerland |
October 24, 1946 |
1925 | Nominated by Rodolphe Mellet (22.7.1877 Lausanne - 27.2.1955) (id=6113 id=6114) the only time (id=7565) | |
Daniel Abraham Otto Hermann Braus[pv] | August 15, 1868 Burtscheid, North German Confederation |
November 28, 1924 Würzburg, Weimar Germany |
1925[149] | Nominated posthumously by Curt Elze the only time | |
Georges Henri Roger[pw] | June 4, 1860 Paris, France |
April 19, 1946 Saint-Leu-la-Forêt, France |
1925[217] | ||
Robert Henry Elliot | August 23, 1864 |
November 9, 1936 Chipping Barnet, London, England |
1925 | (id=5160) (id=2762) Nominated jointly [px] (id=8181) (id=4287) | |
Pierre-Félix Lagrange | January 22, 1857 Soumensac, France |
April 22, 1928 Paris, France | |||
Hjalmar August Schiøtz | February 9, 1850 Stavanger, Norway |
December 8, 1927 Oslo, Norway |
1925, 1926 | ||
Søren Holth | July 21, 1863 Nes, Viken, Norway |
September 23, 1937 Vestre Aker, Norway | |||
Johan August Harald Hammar[py] | August 21, 1861 Karlskrona, Sweden |
April 17, 1946 Uppsala, Sweden |
1925, 1927, 1928,[218] 1930 | (id=3839) | |
Lawrence Joseph Henderson[pz] | June 3, 1878 Lynn, Massachusetts, United States |
February 10, 1942 Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States |
1925, 1928, 1932 | (id=4045) | |
George Frederick Dick[qa] | July 21, 1881 Ft. Wayne, Indiana, United States |
October 10, 1967 Palo Alto, California, United States |
1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1935, 1936,[219] 1945[220] | (id=2425) Nominated jointly[qb] (id=2426) | |
Gladys Dick | December 18, 1881 Pawnee City, Nebraska, United States |
August 21, 1963 Palo Alto, California, United States | |||
Yamagiwa Katsusaburō[qc] | February 23, 1863 Ueda, Nagano, Japan |
March 2, 1930 Tokyo, Japan |
1924,[221] 1925, 1926, 1927,[222] 1928, 1930,[223] 1936 | (id=10342) | |
Béla Schick[qd] | July 16, 1877 Balatonboglár, Arch-Kingdom of Hungary |
December 6, 1967 New York, United States |
1925, 1936 | (id=8164) | |
Pierre Nolf[qe] | July 26, 1873 Ypres, Belgium |
September 14, 1953 Brussels, Belgium |
1925, 1930, 1937, 1938,[224] 1939, 1942[225] | (id=6746) | |
John Jacob Abel[qf] | May 19, 1857 Cleveland, Ohio, United States |
May 26, 1938 Baltimore, Maryland, United States |
1925, 1927, 1928, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1934, 1939 |
Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=287) | |
Adolf Bickel[qg] | March 19, 1875 Wiesbaden, North German Confederation |
January 21, 1946 Wangen, Germany |
1925, 1940 | (id=992) | |
Filippo Bottazzi[qh] | December 23, 1867 Diso, Kingdom of Italy |
September 19, 1941 Diso, Kingdom of Italy |
1925, 1932, 1938, 1941 | (id=1211) | |
Alphonse Dochez[qi] | April 21, 1882 San Francisco, United States |
June 30, 1964 New York, United States |
1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1938, 1948 | (id=2458) | |
Louis Lapicque[qj] | August 1, 1866 Épinal, France |
December б, 1952 Paris, France |
1925, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1943, 1944,[226] 1946,[227] 1950, 1951 | (id=5234) | |
1926 - Prize has been awarded a year later | |||||
Francis Peyton Rous[qk] | October 5, 1879 Baltimore, Maryland, United States |
February 16, 1970 New York, United States |
1926, 1931, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1939, 1942,[228] 1946, 1947, 1951 | Shared the 1966 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[ql] (id=7919) with Ch.Br.Huggins | |
Pierre Delbet[qm] | November 15, 1861 La Ferté-Gaucher, France |
July 17, 1957 La Ferté-Gaucher, France |
1922,[229] 1926 | Nominated by G.Phocas only (id=2346) | |
William Ewart Gye[qn] | August 11, 1884 Breaston, United Kingdom |
October 14, 1952 Perth(?), Australia |
1926 | (id=3746) | |
Joseph Edwin Barnard | December 7, 1870 |
October 25, 1949 |
1926 | (id=712) | |
David Hermann Wieland | February 26, 1885 Pforzheim, German Empire |
May 7, 1929 Heidelberg, Weimar Germany |
1926 | (id=10167) Nominated jointly[qo] with J.Barcroft by P.Hoffmann the only time (id=3360) | |
Carl Joseph Gauß | Oktober 29, 1875 Rittergut Lohne bei Isernhagen, German Empire |
February 11, 1957 Bad Kissingen, Germany | |||
Gerrit Grijns[qp] | May 28, 1865 Leerdam, Netherlands |
November 11, 1944 Utrecht, Netherlands |
1926, 1927, 1942[230] | (id=3652) | |
Arno Erich Benedict Luckhardt[qq] | August 26, 1885 Chicago, United States |
1957 |
1926, 1928 | (id=5684) | |
Constantin von Economo[qr] | August 21, 1876 Brăila, Romania, Ottoman Empire |
October 21, 1931 Vienna, Austria |
1926, 1930, 1932 | (id=2678 id=9736) | |
Emmanuel Hédon[qs] | April 30, 1863 Burie, France |
March 8, 1933 Montpellier, France |
1926, 1932 | (id=3985) | |
Otfrid Foerster[qt] | November 9, 1873 Breslau, North German Confederation |
June 15, 1941 Breslau, Nazi Germany |
1926, 1927, 1930, 1931,[231] 1933, 1934, 1937, 1938[158] | (id=3084) | |
Henry Hallett Dale[qu] | June 9, 1875 Islington, London, United Kingdom |
July 23, 1968 Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England |
1926, 1930, 1931, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937[232] | (id=2111) Shared the 1936 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[qv] (id=5583) | |
1927 | |||||
Otto Loewi[qw] | June 3, 1873 Frankfurt am Main, German Empire |
December 25, 1961 New York, United States |
1927, 1928, 1929, 1932, 1933, 1935, 1936, 1937[233] | ||
Wilhelm Röhl[qx] | April 16, 1881 Berlin, German Empire |
March 3, 1929 Wuppertal-Elberfeld, Weimar Germany |
1927 | Nominated by Arthur E. Weber the only time (id=7804) | |
Peter Mühlens[qy] | May 12, 1874 Bonn, German Empire |
June 7, 1943 Hamburg, Nazi Germany |
1927 | Nominated by K.P.Schmidt the only time (id=6546) | |
Frederick George Novy[qz] | December 9, 1864 Chicago, United States |
August 8, 1957 Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States |
1927 | (id=6775) | |
Ludwig Haberlandt[ra] | February 1, 1885 Graz, Austria-Hungary |
July 22, 1932 Innsbruck, Austria |
1927 | (id=3761) | |
Édouard Laguesse[rb] | April 23, 1861 Dijon, France |
November 6, 1927 Dijon, France |
1927, 1928[234] | (id=5164) | |
Vincenzo Diamare[rc] | April 3, 1871 Naples, Kingdom of Italy |
January 20, 1966 Naples, Italy |
1927, 1928[235] | (id=2421) | |
Ettore Marchiafava[rd] | January 3, 1847 Rome, Papal States |
October 22, 1935 Rome, Kingdom of Italy |
1902,[21] 1927, 1932 | (id=5893) | |
Ralph Stayner Lillie[re] | August 8, 1875 Toronto, Canada |
March 19, 1952 Chicago, United States |
1927, 1935 | Nominated by Robert Albert Gesell (23.6.1886 Alma, Wis. - 19.4.1954 Ann Arbor) (id=3406> only (id=5488) | |
Ángel Roffo[rf] | December 30, 1882 Buenos Aires, Argentina |
July 23, 1947 Buenos Aires, Argentina |
1927, 1937, 1940 | (id=7806) | |
Paul Albert Ancel | September 21, 1873 Nancy, France |
January 27, 1961 Paris, France |
1927, 1937, 1940, 1941,[236] 1942, 1948 | Nominated jointly[rg] with P.Bouin only (id=418 id=417) | |
Pol Bouin[rh] | June 11, 1870 Vendresse, France |
February 5, 1962 Vendresse, France |
1927, 1937, 1939, 1940, 1941,[236] 1942, 1948, 1949 | (id=1226) | |
Antoine Henri André Thomas[ri] | November 19, 1867 Paris, France |
July 21, 1963 Paris, France |
1927, 1949 | (id=435 id=9225) | |
Franz Volhard[rj] | May 2, 1872 Munich, German Empire |
May 24, 1950 Frankfurt am Main, Germany |
1927, 1934, 1950 | (id=9703) | |
1928 | |||||
António Egas Moniz[rk] | November 29, 1874 Avanca, Portugal |
December 13, 1955 Lisbon, Portugal |
1928, 1933, 1937, 1944, 1949, 1950 | Shared the 1949 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[rl] (id=6371) with W.R.Hess | |
Heinrich Otto Wieland[rm] | June 4, 1877 Pforzheim, German Empire |
August 5, 1957 Starnberg, Germany |
1928 | Won the 1927 Nobel Prize in Chemistry one year later[rn] (id=10166) | |
Adolf Windaus[ro] | December 25, 1876 Berlin, German Empire |
June 9, 1959 Göttingen, Germany |
1928 | Won the 1928 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[rp] (id=10241) | |
Paul Grawitz[rq] | October 1, 1850 Zerrin, Pomerania, German Confederation |
June 27, 1932 Greifswald, Germany |
1928 | Self-nomination (id=3622) | |
Gustave Rappin[rr] | 1851 |
1942 |
1928 | Nominated jointly with L.Ch.Alb.Calmette by René Verhoogen (1867-1947) (id=9606) the only time (id=7568) | |
Pavel Grigorjevich Rosanov[rs] | 1853 |
after 1934 |
1928 | Nominated by his son L.P.Rosanov the only time (id=7878) | |
Giulio Tarozzi[rt] | January 27, 1868 Turin, Kingdom of Italy |
1948 Bologna, Italy |
1928 | Nominated by Eugenio Centanni (id=1686) the only time (id=9010) | |
Victor Pachon[ru] | May 26, 1867 Clermont-Ferrand, France |
1938 Meyzieu, France |
1928 | (id=6941) | |
Marius Tscherning[rv] | December 11, 1854 Østrup near Odense, Denmark |
September 1, 1939 |
1928 | Nominated by William Henry Luedde (13.8.1876 Warsaw, Illinois - 19.8.1952 Richmond Heights, Missouri) (id=5687) the only time (id=9378) | |
W. Easson Brown[rw] | 1894 |
1957 |
1928 | Nominated jointly with A.Er.B.Luckhardt id=5684) by H.Wieland the only time (id=1372) | |
Adalbert Czerny[rx] | March 25, 1863 Jaworzno, Austria-Hungary |
October 3, 1941 Berlin, Nazi Germany |
1928, 1931[237] | (id=2077) | |
Carlos R. Lavalle[ry] | 1878 |
? |
1928[238] | Nominated by Fortunato Quesada Larrea (5.3.1895 Trujillo, Peru - 1966 Lima) from Lima the only time | |
Rudolph Matas[rz] | September 12, 1860 St. Charles Parish, Louisiana, United States |
September 23, 1957 New Orleans, United States |
1928[239] | Nominated by Edward Lacy King (1.10.1884 Mound, Louisiana - 30.5.1963 New Orleans) from New Orleans the only time | |
B. Stroganoff[sa] | January 10, 1858 Vyazma, Russian Empire |
September 24, 1938 Leningrad, Russia | |||
Mariano Luigi Patrizi[sb] | September 23, 1866 Recanati, Kingdom of Italy |
September 9, 1935 Bologna, Kingdom of Italy |
1928, 1930 | (id=7028) | |
Alfred Fabian Hess[sc] | October 9, 1875 New York, United States |
December 5, 1933 New York, United States |
1928, 1929, 1931, 1932 | (id=4123) Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=4122) | |
Claudius Regaud[sd] | January 30, 1870 Lyons, France |
December 29, 1940 Couzon-au-Mont-d'Or, Vichy France |
1928, 1936, 1937 | (id=7616) | |
Otto Frank[se] | June 21, 1865 Groß-Umstadt, German Confederation |
November 12, 1944 Munich, Nazi Germany |
1928, 1929, 1930,[240] 1931, 1937 | (id=3176) | |
Genichi Kato[sf] | February 11, 1890 Niimi, Japan |
May 1, 1979 |
1928, 1935, 1937, 1944[241] | (id=4729) | |
Eugenio Centanni[sg] | January 8, 1863 Montotto, Kingdom of Italy |
August 8, 1942 Bologna, Kingdom of Italy |
1928, 1938 | (id=1686) | |
Yandell Henderson[sh] | April 23, 1873 Louisville, Kentucky, United States |
February 18, 1944 La Jolla, United States |
1928, 1929, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939 | (id=4048) | |
Mansfeld Géza[si] | February 26, 1882 Budapest, Arch-Kingdom of Hungary |
January 11, 1950 Geneva, Switzerland |
1928, 1940 | (id=5879) | |
Camille Guérin[sj] | December 22, 1872 Poitiers, France |
June 9, 1961 Paris, France |
1928, 1930, 1932, 1950 | (id=3700) | |
Torsten Thunberg[sk] | June 30, 1873 Torsåker, Sweden |
December 4, 1952 Lund, Sweden |
1928, 1929, 1932, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1950 | (id=9257) | |
Sherwood Moore | October 28, 1880 Lynchburg, Virginia, United States |
July 9, 1963 |
1928 | (id=6392)br> Nominated jointly [sl] by Robert James Terry (24.1.1871 St. Louis - 1966) (id=9046) the only time (id=1941) | |
Glover Hancock Copher | 1893 |
1970 | |||
Warren Henry Cole[sm] | July 24, 1898 Clay Center, Kansas, United States |
May 25, 1990 |
1928, 1939 | Nominated with Ev.Ambr.Graham only (id=1881) | |
Evarts Ambrose Graham[sn] | March 19, 1883 Chicago, Illinois, United States |
March 4, 1957 St. Louis, Missouri, United States |
1928, 1932, 1939, 1951 | (id=3591) | |
James Collip[so] | November 20, 1892 Belleville, Ontario, Canada |
June 19, 1965 London, Ontario, Canada |
1928, 1931, 1935, 1936, 1944, 1951 | (id=1899 id=1897) | |
Ludvig Hektoen[sp] | July 2, 1863 Westby, Wisconsin, United States |
July 5, 1951 Chicago, Illinois, United States |
1928 | Nominated with Ant.J.Carlson by Leslie Brainerd Arey (1891 Camden - 23.3.1988 Chicago) (id=479) the only time (id=4023) | |
Anton Julius Carlson[sq] | January 29, 1875 Munkedal, Sweden |
September 2, 1956 Chicago, Illinois, United States |
1928, 1953 | (id=1605) | |
George Barger[sr] | April 4, 1878 Manchester, United Kingdom |
January 5, 1939 Aeschi, Switzerland |
1928 | Nominated jointly with Ch.R.Harington only including for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=707) | |
Charles Robert Harington[ss] | August 1, 1897 Llanerfyl, United Kingdom |
February 4, 1972 Mill Hill, London, United Kingdom |
1928, 1931, 1934, 1947, 1953 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=3895) | |
George Minot[st] | December 2, 1885 Boston, United States |
February 25, 1950 Brookline, Massachusetts, United States |
1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935 | (id=6307) Shared the 1934 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[su] (id=10134) (id=6529) | |
1929 | |||||
George Whipple[sv] | August 28, 1878 Ashland, New Hampshire, United States |
February 1, 1976 Rochester, New York, United States |
1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935 | ||
William P. Murphy[sw] | February 6, 1892 Stoughton, Wisconsin, United States |
October 9, 1987 Brookline, Massachusetts, United States | |||
Hans Fischer[sx] | July 27, 1881 Höchst am Main, German Empire |
March 31, 1945 Munich, Nazi Germany |
1929, 1930[240] | Won the 1930 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[sy] (id=3026) | |
Dennis Gabor | June 5, 1900 Budapest, Arch-Kingdom of Hungary |
February 9, 1979 London, United Kingdom |
1929 | Won the 1971 Nobel Prize in Physics[sz] (id=3289) | |
Tibor (Tiberius) Reiter | ? |
? |
Nominated jointly[ta] with D.Gabor by Albr.J.Th.Bethe the only time (id=7647) | ||
Max Heinrich Fischer | May 25, 1892 Gablonz an der Neiße, Austria-Hungary |
November 28, 1971 Schwarzach im Pongau, Austria |
1929 | Nominated jointly[tb] with Adr.P.H.A. de Kleyn by Albr.J.Th.Bethe the only time) (id=3031) | |
Lafayette Mendel[tc] | February 5, 1872 Delhi, New York, United States |
December 9, 1935 New Haven, Connecticut, United States |
1922,[242] 1929 | (id=6170) | |
Otto Schöbl[td] | 27 August 1877 Zditz, Austria-Hungary |
13 October 1938 Tokyo, Japan |
1929 | (id=8305) | |
Kurt Huldschinsky | November 24, 1883 Gleiwitz, German Empire |
October 31, 1940 Alexandria, Egypt |
1929 | (id=4365) Nominated jointly[te] with Alfr.F.Hess by H.von Mettenheim the only time. H.Steenbock nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=8754) | |
Harry Steenbock | August 16, 1886 Charlestown, Wisconsin, United States |
December 25, 1967 Madison, Wisconsin, United States | |||
Proceso Gabriel[tf] | July 2, 1887 Santa Ana, Manila, Philippines |
November 4, 1935 Manila, Philippine Commonwealth |
1929 | Nominated by Dario del Val (id=2338) the only time (id=3290) | |
Friedrich Kraus[tg] | May 31, 1858 Bodenbach, Austria-Hungary |
March 1, 1936 Berlin, Nazi Germany |
1929 | (id=5032) | |
Ernst Kretschmer[th] | October 8, 1888 Wüstenrot, German Empire |
February 8, 1964 Tübingen, Germany |
1929 | Nominated by J.Raeche (id=7526) the only time (id=5048) | |
Thomas Burr Osborne[ti] | August 5, 1859 New Haven, United States |
January 29, 1929 New Haven, United States |
1929 | Died before the only chance to be rewarded (id=6904) | |
Paul Trendelenburg[tj] | March 24, 1884 Bonn, German Empire |
February 4, 1931 Berlin, Weimar Germany |
1929 | Nominated with Y.Henderson by Mich. I Gramenitzki the only time (id=9342) | |
Sergey Pavlovich Kostytschew[tk] | May 8, 1877 Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire |
August 21, 1931 Alushta, Crimea |
1929 | Nominated with S.Flexner by G.Belonovski the only time (id=4999) | |
Josef Meller[tl] | October 22, 1874 Stein an der Donau, Austria-Hungary |
November 23, 1968 Vienna, Austria |
1929 | Nominated by Alb.Botteri the only time (id=6112) | |
Théodore Tuffier[tm] | March 26, 1857 Bellême, France |
October 27, 1929 Paris, France |
1929 | Nominated by René-Adrien Donnet (id=2512) the only time (id=9393) | |
Carl Correns[tn] | September 19, 1864 Munich, German Confederation |
February 14, 1933 Berlin, Weimar Germany |
1929, 1930 | (id=1968) | |
Frederick Twort[to] | October 22, 1877 Camberley, United Kingdom |
March 20, 1950 Camberley, England |
1929, 1930, 1931, 1933, 1934, 1937 | (id=9414) | |
Pío del Río Hortega[tp] | May 5, 1882 Portillo, Valladolid, Spain |
June 1, 1945 Buenos Aires, Argentina |
1929, 1937 | (id=2337) | |
Alexander Gurwitsch[tq] | September 26, 1874 Poltava, Russian Empire |
July 27, 1954 Moscow, Russia |
1929, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1938 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too (id=3725) | |
Robin Fåhræus[tr] | October 15, 1888 Stockholm, Sweden |
September 18, 1968 Lund, Sweden |
1929, 1930, 1931, 1935, 1940, 1941 | (id=3284) | |
Upendranath Brahmachari[ts] | December 19, 1873 Sardanga, Purbasthali, British India |
February 6, 1946 |
1929, 1942 | (id=1279) | |
Edwin Joseph Cohn[tt] | December 17, 1892 New York, United States |
October 1, 1953 Boston, United States |
1929, 1946, 1948, 1949, 1950 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=1872) |
1930–1939
[edit]Picture | Name | Born | Died | Years Nominated | Notes[3] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1930 | |||||
Edgar Adrian[tu] | November 30, 1889 Hampstead, London, United Kingdom |
August 4, 1977 Cambridge, England |
1930, 1931, 1932 | Shared the 1932 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[bf] with Ch.Sc.Sherrington (id=325) | |
Achille Sclavo[tv] | March 21, 1861 Lesegno, Kingdom of Italy |
June 2, 1930 Siena, Kingdom of Italy |
1914,[243] 1930 | Died before the only chance to be rewarded (id=8317) | |
Léon Fredericq[tw] | August 24, 1851 Ghent, Belgium |
September 2, 1935 Liège, Belgium |
1930 | (id=3192) | |
Edwin Beer[tx] | March 1876 New York City, United States |
August 13, 1938 New York City, United States |
1930 | Nominated by Al.V.Moschcowitz the only time (id=809) | |
Richard Ritter von Zeynek[ty] | December 9, 1869 Graz, United States |
June 28, 1945 Passau, Germany |
1930 | (id=9897) | |
Erich Rominger[tz] | May 3, 1886 Freiburg im Breisgau, German Empire |
January 28, 1967 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany |
1930 | (id=7843) | |
Ludvig Emil Walbum[ua] | August 24, 1879 Nakskov, Denmark |
September 2, 1943 Gentofte, Denmark |
1930 | (id=9981) Nominated with E.Steinach by H.H.Meyer the only time (id=10063) | |
Paul Alfred Weiss[ub] | March 21, 1898 Vienna, Austria-Hungary |
September 8, 1989 White Plains, New York, United States | |||
Alice R Bernheim[uc] | September 28, 1878 Cincinnati, United States |
July 14, 1968 Cincinnati, United States |
1930 | Nominated by William Cogswell Clarke (2.7.1872 Tenafly - 1943) (id=1827) the only time (id=937) | |
Robert Sazerac[ud] | September 14, 1875 Limoges, France |
1943 |
1930 | Nominated with C.Levaditi by P.P.Ém.Roux the only time (id=8126) | |
Eugen Bleuler[ue] | April 30, 1857 Zollikon, Switzerland |
July 15, 1939 Zollikon, Switzerland |
1930 | Nominated by R.Gaupp the only time (id=1074) | |
Cornelis Winkler[uf] | February 25, 1855 Vianen, Netherlands |
May 8, 1941 Hoog Soeren, Netherlands |
1930[244] | Nominated by C.von Monakow the only time | |
Alfred Kohn[ug] | February 22, 1867 Libin (part of Lubenz), Austria-Hungary |
January 15, 1959 Prague, Czechia |
1930, 1932 | (id=4961) | |
Pietro Tullio[uh] | 1881 San Vito al Tagliamento, Kingdom of Italy |
1941 Genoa, Kingdom of Italy |
1930, 1932 | (id=9395) | |
Jules Gonin[ui] | August 10, 1870 Lausanne, Switzerland |
June 10, 1935 Lausanne, Switzerland |
1930, 1934, 1935, 1936[245] | (id=3537) | |
William Hallock Park[uj] | December 30, 1863 New York City, United States |
April 6, 1939 New York City, United States |
1930, 1936 | (id=6994) | |
Giuseppe Sanarelli[uk] | September 24, 1865 Monte San Savino, Kingdom of Italy |
April 6, 1940 Rome, Kingdom of Italy |
1930, 1935, 1936, 1937 | (id=8075) | |
Rudolf Weigl[ul] | September 2, 1883 Prerau, Austria-Hungary |
August 11, 1957 Zakopane, Poland |
1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939 | (id=10051) | |
Frank Charles Mann[um] | September 11, 1887 Adams County, Indiana, United States |
September 30, 1962 |
1930, 1931, 1934, 1936, 1939, 1941 | (id=5869) | |
René Leriche[un] | October 12, 1879 Roanne, France |
December 20, 1955 Cassis, France |
1930, 1931,[246] 1934, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1943, 1944, 1946,[247] 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953 | (id=5400) | |
Gaston Ramon[uo] | September 30, 1886 Bellechaume, France |
June 8, 1963 Paris, France |
1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942,[248] 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953 | (id=7545) | |
1931 | |||||
Edward Adelbert Doisy[up] | November 13, 1893 Hume, Illinois, United States |
October 23, 1986 St. Louis, United States |
1931, 1936, 1941, 1944 | Shared the 1943 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[uq] with C.P.H.Dam one year later (id=2485) | |
Bernardo Houssay[ur] | April 10, 1887 Buenos Aires, Argentina |
September 21, 1971 Buenos Aires, Argentina |
1931, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1946, 1947, 1948 | Shared the 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[us] with C.F.Cori and G.Th.Cori (id=4324) | |
Victor Heiser | February 5, 1873 Johnstown, Pennsylvania, United States |
February 27, 1972 Brooklyn, New York City, United States |
1931 | Nominated the only time by Arthur D. Hirschfelder with Ch.Harington and jointly[ut] with L.Rogers (id=4019) | |
Henry Herbert Donaldson[uu] | May 12, 1857 Yonkers, New York, United States |
January 23, 1938 Philadelphia, United States |
1931 | Nominated by Samuel Weiller Fernberger (Philadelphia: 4.6.1887-2.5.1956) (id=2957) the only time (id=2499) | |
James Ewing[uv] | December 25, 1866 Pittsburgh, United States |
May 16, 1943 New York City, United States |
1931 | Nominated by G.E.Pfahler the only time (id=2869) | |
Berkeley Moynihan[uw] | October 2, 1865 Malta, British Empire |
September 7, 1936 |
1931 | Nominated with Th.Lewis by George Ernest Gask (1875-1951) (id=3346) the only time (id=6491) | |
Henry Drysdale Dakin | March 12, 1880 London, United Kingdom |
February 10, 1952 Scarsdale, New York, United States |
1931 | Nominated jointly[ux] with G.Minot by J.Fr.McClendon the only time (id=2106) | |
Jean-François Heymans[uy] | December 25, 1859 Gooik, Belgium |
April 10, 1932 Middelkerke, Belgium |
1931 | (id=4151) | |
Jean Eugène Bataillon[uz] | October 22, 1864 Annoire, France |
November 1, 1953 Montpellier, France |
1931 | Nominated by Jean Turchini (4.7.1894 - 4.1.1979) (id=9404) the only time (id=741) | |
Hugo Paul Friedrich Schulz[va] | August 6, 1853 Wesel, German Confederation |
July 13, 1932 Berlin, Weimar Germany |
1931 | Nominated with F.Sauerbruch by A.Bier the only time (id=8263) | |
Moses Swick (Goldstein)[vb] | February 16, 1900 New York City, United States |
August 7, 1985 New York City, United States |
1931 | Nominated with Edw.Ad.Doisy by Henry Erdmann Radasch (7.5.1874 Keokuk, Iowa - 29.11.1942 Philadelphia) (id=7520) the only time (id=8931) | |
Wolfgang Ostwald[vc] | May 27, 1883 Riga, Russian Empire |
November 22, 1943 Dresden, Nazi Germany |
1931 | Nominated with L.Michaelis and Otto H.Warburg by K.Spiro the only time (id=6914) | |
Giuseppe Levi[vd] | October 14, 1872 Triest, Austria-Hungary |
February 3, 1965 Turin, Italy |
1931 | Nominated by Ang.C.Bruni the only time (id=5428) | |
Fernand Arloing[ve] | February 28, 1876 Toulouse, France |
September 9, 1944 Lyon, France |
1931[249] | Nominated by Charles Auguste "Maurice" Patel (Lyon: 13.12.1875-9.6.1967) (id=7019) the only time | |
Phoebus Levene[vf] | February 25, 1869 Sagor, Russian Empire |
September 6, 1940 New York City, United States |
1931, 1932, 1934, 1938 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=5423) | |
Kure Ken[vg] | October 27, 1883 Tokyo, Japan |
June 27, 1940 Tokyo, Japan |
1931, 1933, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1939 | (id=5096) | |
Alfred Newton Richards[vh] | March 22, 1876 Stamford, New York, United States |
March 24, 1966 Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, United States |
1931, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1942,[250] 1944, 1945, 1946, 1947, 1950 | (id=7704) | |
August Ludolf Brauer[vi] | July 1, 1865 Rittergut Hohenhaus, Kingdom of Prussia |
November 25, 1951 Munich, Germany |
1931, 1948, 1949, 1952 | (id=1295) | |
Bernhard Zondek[vj] | July 29, 1891 Wronke, German Empire |
November 8, 1966 New York City, United States |
1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1940, 1941,[251] 1952, 1953 | (id=10421) | |
Selmar Aschheim[vk] | October 4, 1878 Berlin, German Empire |
February 15, 1965 Paris, France |
1931, 1932, 1933,[252] 1934, 1936, 1937, 1941,[251] 1952, 1953 | (id=523) | |
1932 | |||||
Hermann Joseph Muller[vl] | December 21, 1890 New York City, United States |
April 5, 1967 Indianapolis, Indiana, United States |
1932, 1934,[178] 1939, 1940, 1945, 1946, 1947 | Won the 1946 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[vm] (id=6501) | |
James B. Sumner[vn] | November 19, 1887 Canton, Massachusetts, United States |
August 12, 1955 Buffalo, New York, United States |
1932, 1939, 1940, 1943, 1944, 1946 | Shared the 1946 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[vo] (id=8895) (J.H.Northrop (id=6764) jointly[vp] with W.M.Stanley) | |
John Howard Northrop[vq] | July 5, 1891 Yonkers, New York, United States |
May 27, 1987 Wickenburg, Arizona, United States |
1932, 1935, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1946 | ||
Ernst Löwenstein | January 24, 1878 Karlsbad, Austria-Hungary |
August 28, 1950 Berkeley, California, United States |
1932 | Nominated jointly[vr] with G.Ramon by L.Ch.Alb.Calmette the only time (id=5741) | |
Heinrich William (Wilhelm) Poll | August 5, 1877 Berlin, German Empire |
June 12, 1939 Lund, Sweden |
1932 | (id=7323) Nominated jointly[vs] and with F.d'Hérelle by R.Müller the only time (id=8521) | |
Hermann Werner Siemens | August 20, 1891 Charlottenburg, Berlin, German Empire |
December 21, 1969 Leiden, Netherlands | |||
Otmar Freiherr von Verschuer[vt] | July 16, 1896 Wildeck, German Empire |
August 8, 1969 Münster, Germany |
1932 | Nominated by Aemilius Bernardus Droogleever Fortuyn (7.11.1886 Rotterdam - 13.8.1970 Utrecht) (id=3131 id=2544) the only time (id=9882) | |
Marcel Labbé[vu] | December 4, 1870 Le Havre, France |
May 29, 1939 Paris, France |
1932 | Nominated by Ahm.Z.P.Birgi the only time (id=5130) | |
Henri Joseph Gaudier[vv] | April 6, 1866 Mâcon, France |
July 1942 Lille, France |
1932 | (id=3355) | |
Stanley Rossiter Benedict | March 17, 1884 Cincinnati, United States |
December 21, 1936 Elmsford, New York, United States |
1932 | Nominated jointly[vw] with Otto Folin by Victor Caril Myers (13.4.1883 Buskirk Bridge, New York - 7.10.1948 New York City) (id=6544) the only time (id=858) | |
William Robert Smith[vx] | May 28, 1850 Plumstead, United Kingdom |
March 17, 1932 London, England |
1932 | Nominated by Th.Oliver the only time but died before the only chance to be rewarded (id=8618) | |
Kemal Cenap Berksoy[vy] | 1875 Istanbul, Ottoman Empire |
November 28, 1949 |
1932 | Nominated by S.Akn.Hamdi the only time (id=2454) | |
Heinrich Ewald Hering[vz] | May 3, 1866 Vienna, Austrian Empire |
December 12, 1948 Papenhusen, Germany |
1932, 1933, 1934, 1937 | (id=4036) | |
Elmer McCollum[wa] | March 3, 1879 Redfield, Kansas, United States |
November 15, 1967 Baltimore, United States |
1932, 1934, 1936,[253] 1943 | (id=6048) | |
Einar Lundsgaard[wb] | February 12, 1899 Frederiksberg, Denmark |
December 18, 1968 Copenhagen, Denmark |
1932, 1952 | (id=5700) | |
Wilbur Willis Swingle[wc] | January 11, 1891 Warrensburg, Missouri, United States |
1975 |
1932 | Nominated with G.R.Minot and Osw.Th.Avery Jr. by Lewellys Franklin Barker (1867-1943) (id=710) the only time (id=8937) | |
Oswald Theodore Avery Jr.[wd] | October 21, 1877 Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada |
February 20, 1955 Nashville, Tennessee, United States |
1932, 1933, 1934, 1935,[254] 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1942, 1945,[255] 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=574) | |
David Keilin[we] | March 21, 1887 Moscow, Russian Empire |
February 27, 1963 Cambridge, England |
1932, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1945, 1946, 1950, 1953 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=4768) | |
1933 | |||||
Walter Rudolf Hess[wf] | March 17, 1881 Frauenfeld, Switzerland |
August 12, 1973 Locarno, Switzerland |
1933, 1935, 1939, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949 | Shared the 1949 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[wg] with Ant.C.de Abr.Fr. Egas Moniz (id=4129) | |
Martin Benno Schmidt[wh] | August 23, 1863 Leipzig, German Confederation |
November 27, 1949 Mittenwald, Germany |
1933 | Nominated by Georg Burckhard (15.5.1872 Jena – 2.3.1955 Lohr am Main) (id=9660) the only time (id=8206) | |
Jean Cantacuzène[wi] | November 25, 1863 Bucharest, Romania |
January 14, 1934 Bucharest, Romania |
1933 | (id=1587) | |
Vassili Ivanovich Kedrowski[wj] | December 28, 1865 Ovchukhi, Vladimir Governorate, Russian Empire |
December 4, 1937 Moscow, Russia |
1933 | Nominated by M.M.Neviadomski (1883–1969) (id=6668) the only time (id=4751) | |
Albrecht Eduard Bernhard Nocht[wk] | November 4, 1857 Landeshut in Niederschlesien, German Confederation |
June 5, 1945 Wiesbaden, Germany |
1933 | Nominated by K.Ad.Poppe the only time (id=6730) | |
Themistocles Gluck[wl] | November 30, 1853 Iaşi, Moldavia |
April 25, 1942 Berlin, Nazi Germany |
1933 | (id=3486) | |
Wilhelm His Jr.[wm] | December 29, 1863 Basel, Switzerland |
November 10, 1934 Brombach near Lörrach, Nazi Germany |
1933[256] | Nominated by Fr.Külbs the only time | |
Karl Wittmaack[wn] | January 17, 1876 Berlin, German Empire |
January 28, 1972 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany |
1933, 1934 | Nominated by Otto Fr.Steurer only (id=10271) | |
Frits Warmolt Went | May 18, 1903 Utrecht, Netherlands |
May 1, 1990 Little Valley, United States |
1933 | Nominated jointly[wo] with Fr.Kögl by Otto H.Warburg the only time (id=10080) | |
Fritz Kögl[wp] | September 19, 1897 Munich, German Empire |
June 6, 1959 Utrecht, Netherlands |
1933, 1940, 1941 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=5118) | |
Friedrich Hermann Rein[wq] | February 22, 1867 Mitwitz, Kingdom of Bavaria |
January 15, 1959 Göttingen, Germany |
1933, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1944,[241] 1951, 1952 | (id=7640 id=7638) | |
1934 | |||||
Albert Imre Szent-Györgyi de Nagyrápolt[wr] |
September 16, 1893 Budapest, Austria-Hungary |
October 22, 1986 Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States |
1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1951 |
Won the 1937 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[ws] (id=9868) | |
Corneille Heymans[wt] | March 28, 1892 Ghent, Belgium |
July 18, 1968 Knokke, Belgium |
1934, 1936, 1938, 1939, 1940[257] | Won the 1938 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[wu] a year later (id=4149) | |
Samuel Alexander Kinnier Wilson[wv] | December 6, 1878 Cedarville, New Jersey, United States |
May 12, 1937 London, England |
1934 | Nominated by L.Benedek the only time (id=10227) | |
James Lionel Alloway, II[ww] | January 15, 1900 Columbus, Ohio, United States |
February 7, 1954 Tucson, Arizona, United States |
1934 | (id=382) Nominated by Wilfred Hamilton Manwaring (14.9.1871 Ashland – 19.6.1960) (id=5884) the only time (id=3769) | |
Philip Bardwell Hadley[wx] | January 10, 1881 Shelburne Falls, Massachusetts, United States |
December 8, 1963 Cedarville, United States | |||
André de Coulon | April 10, 1890 Neuchâtel, Switzerland |
September 24, 1935 Neuchâtel, Switzerland |
1934 | (id=2218) Nominated jointly[wy] by L.C.Maillard the only time (id=9682) | |
Fred Manuel Raoul Vlès | January 22, 1885 Le Havre, France |
July 2, 1944 Dachau, Nazi Germany | |||
Petr Lazarev[wz] | April 14, 1878 Moscow, Russian Empire |
April 24, 1942 Almaty, Kazakhstan |
1934 | Nominated by G Belonovski the only time (id=5245) | |
Robert William Philip[xa] | December 29, 1857 Govan, United Kingdom |
April 24, 1942 Edinburgh, Scotland |
1934 | Nominated by John Robertson (8.10.1862 Warminster - 16.12.1936 The Hollies on Court Oak Road) (id=7772) the only time (id=7212) | |
Antônio Cardoso Fontes[xb] | October 6, 1879 Petrópolis, Brasil |
March 27, 1943 Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |
1934 | Nominated with G.Ramon by M.Weinberg the only time (id=3102) | |
Emile - André Tournade[xc] | January 12, 1881 La Rochelle, France |
September 21, 1942 Paris, France |
1934 | (id=9322) | |
Enrique Fedrico Mauricio Paschen[xd] | December 30, 1860 Tacubaya, Mexico |
October 22, 1936 Hamburg, Nazi Germany |
1934 | (id=7009) | |
Pierre Masson[xe] | November 12, 1880 Dijon, France |
May 11, 1959 Montreal, Canada |
1934 | Nominated by Eber Landau the only time (id=5985) | |
Alexander von Lichtenberg[xf] | January 20, 1880 Budapest, Kingdom of Hungary, Austria-Hungary |
April 21, 1949 Mexico City, Mexico |
1934 | Nominated by Ralph Michael LeComte (19.2.1888 Butler - 11.3.1954 Washington, D.C.) (id=5329) the only time (id=9812) | |
William Alanson White[xg] | January 24, 1870 Brooklyn, United States |
March 7, 1937 Washington, D.C., United States |
1934 | Nominated by Frank Frazier Hutchins (Indianapolis: 9.2.1870-22.9.1942) (id=4393) the only time (id=10140) | |
Giovanni Vitali[xh] | April 15, 1876 Foiano della Chiana, Kingdom of Italy |
August 22, 1963 Pisa, Italy |
1934 | (id=9677) | |
Torsten Johansson Hellman[xi] | April 3, 1878 Skara Municipality, Sweden |
December 14, 1944 Lund Municipality, Sweden |
1934 | (id=4032) | |
Aleksei Bach[xj] | March 17, 1857 Zolotonosha, Russian Empire |
May 13, 1946 Moscow, Russia |
1934[258] | Nominated with L.Éd.Lapicque and C.Al.Neuberg by L.S.Stern the only time | |
Karl Friedrich Schönhöfer | January 1, 1892 Speyer, German Empire |
February 11, 1965 Wuppertal, Germany |
1934 | (id=8312) Nominated jointly[xk] with W.Schulemann by G. Giemsa the only time (id=10243) | |
August Wingler | August 14, 1898 Konstanz, German Empire |
1960 | |||
Werner Schulemann[xl] | May 4, 1888 Neisse, German Empire |
June 20, 1975 Bonn, Germany |
1934, 1935 | (id=8247) Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=8248) | |
Leon Orbeli[xm] | July 7, 1882 Tsaghkadzor, Russian Empire |
December 9, 1958 Leningrad, Russia |
1934, 1935 | (id=6878) | |
Walter Dandy[xn] | April 6, 1886 Sedalia, Missouri, United States |
April 19, 1946 Baltimore, United States |
1934, 1936 | (id=2124) | |
Grafton Elliot Smith[xo] | August 15, 1871 Grafton, New South Wales, Australia |
January 1, 1937 Broadstairs, England |
1934, 1936 | (id=2766) | |
Alexei Dmitrijewitsch Speranski[xp] | January 11, 1888 Urzhum, Russian Empire |
July 23, 1961 Moscow, Russia |
1934, 1936, 1937,[259] 1942[260] | (id=8692) | |
Edgar Allen[xq] | May 2, 1892 Cañon City, Colorado, United States |
February 3, 1943 New Haven, Connecticut, United States |
1934, 1936, 1938, 1940 | (id=375) | |
Philip Edward Smith[xr] | January 1, 1884 De Smet, South Dakota, United States |
December 8, 1970 Florence, Massachusetts, United States |
1934, 1935, 1953 | (id=8617) | |
František Karel Studnička[xs] | November 25, 1870 Prague, Austria-Hungary |
August 2, 1955 Prague, Czechia |
1934, 1953 | (id=8865) | |
1935 | |||||
Joseph Erlanger[xt] | January 5, 1874 San Francisco, United States |
December 5, 1965 St. Louis, Missouri, United States |
1935, 1936, 1937, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945[261] | (id=2823) Shared the 1944 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[xu] (id=3351) | |
Herbert Spencer Gasser[xv] | July 5, 1888 Platteville, Wisconsin, United States |
May 11, 1963 New York City, United States | |||
Adolf Butenandt[xw] | March 24, 1903 Lehe, German Empire |
January 18, 1995 Munich, Germany |
1935, 1936, 1940 | Shared the 1939 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[xx] with L.Ružička (id=1487) | |
Richard Bruynoghe[xy] | November 4, 1881 Alveringem, Belgium |
March 26, 1957 Leuven, Belgium |
1935 | Nominated by Al.M.Besredka the only time (id=1410) | |
Alf Vilhelm A:son Westergren | December 17, 1891 Stockholm, Sweden |
December 15, 1968 Stockholm, Sweden |
1935 | Nominated jointly[xz] with R.S.Fåhræus by Östen Holsti the only time (id=10105) | |
Wu Lien-teh[ya] | March 10, 1879 Penang, British Empire |
January 21, 1960 Penang, Federation of Malaya |
1935 | Nominated by W.W.Cadbury the only time (id=10325) | |
Albert-Pierre-Jean Dustin[yb] | December 12, 1884 |
October 29, 1942 |
1935 | Nominated by Eber Landau the only time (id=2620) | |
Joseph Francis McCarthy[yc] | June 12, 1874 Yonkers, New York, United States |
January 21, 1965 |
1935 | Nominated by Robert Harry Herbst (1877 - 15.5.1951 Highland Park, Illinois) (id=4072) the only time (id=6045) | |
Charles Halliley Kellaway[yd] | January 16, 1889 Melbourne, Australia |
December 13, 1952 London, United Kingdom |
1935 | Nominated by H.Sutton the only time (id=4772) | |
John Albert Kolmer[ye] | April 24, 1886 Lonaconing, Maryland, United States |
December 11, 1962 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States |
1935 | Nominated by Frederick Todd “Fred” Cadham (Winnipeg: 9.2.1880-29.1.1961) (id=1529) the only time (id=4973) | |
Joseph Louis Svirbely | August 6, 1906 Duquesne, Pennsylvania, United States |
1995 | 1935[262] | Nominated jointly[yf] with Alb.Szent-Györgyi by professor of biochemistry Guillermo Víctor Stuckert (23.1.1889 Córdoba - after 1955) from the National University of Córdoba the only time | |
William Bosworth Castle[yg] | October 21, 1897 Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States |
August 9, 1990 Brookline, Massachusetts, United States |
1935, 1938 | (id=1658) | |
Chevalier Quixote Jackson[yh] | November 4, 1865 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States |
August 16, 1958 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States |
1935, 1939 | (id=4505) | |
Takaoki Sasaki[yi] | May 5, 1878 Tokyo, Japan |
October 31, 1966 Tokyo, Japan |
1935, 1936, 1939, 1941 | (id=8107) | |
Andrew Conway Ivy[yj] | February 25, 1893 Farmington,_Missouri, United States |
February 7, 1978 Oak Park, Illinois, United States |
1935, 1950 | (id=4502) | |
1936 | |||||
Axel Hugo Theodor Theorell[yk] | July 6, 1903 Linköping, Sweden |
August 15, 1982 Stockholm, Sweden |
1936, 1939, 1945, 1953 | Won the 1955 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[yl] and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=9207) | |
Jean Henri DeMoor | April 25, 1867 Etterbeek, Belgium |
April 26, 1941 Brussels, Belgium |
1936 | Nominated jointly[ym] with Otto Loewi by Robert John Stewart McDowall (1892-1990) (id=6051) the only time (id=2367) | |
Isidor Clinton Rubin[yn] | January 8, 1883 Vienna, Austria-Hungary |
July 10, 1958 London, United Kingdom |
1936 | Nominated by Ira I. Kaplan (11.10.1887 New York City - 15.3.1963) (id=4707) the only time (id=7946) | |
George Washington Corner[yo] | December 12, 1889 Baltimore, United States |
September 28, 1981 Huntsville, Alabama, United States |
1936 | Nominated with Frank Charles Mann (id=5869) by G.H.Whipple the only time (id=1960) | |
Koichi Ichikawa | 1888 Amabikimura, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan |
1948 |
1936 | Nominated jointly[yp] with T.Sasaki and K.Yamagiwa by R.Kimura (id=4847) the only time (id=4436) | |
Charles Albert Elsberg[yq] | August 24, 1871 New York City, United States |
1948 |
1936 | Nominated by Frederick Tilney (id=9274) the only time (id=2770) | |
Hermann Hubert Knaus[yr] | October 19, 1892 Sankt Veit an der Glan, Austria-Hungary |
August 22, 1970 Graz, Austria |
1936 | Nominated with Fr.H.Rein by W.Nonnenbruch the only time (id=4916) | |
Francis Carter Wood[ys] | December 30, 1869 Columbus, Ohio, United States |
January 5, 1951 |
1936 | Nominated by Rudolf Carl Robert Denig (8.12.1867 Grünstadt - 22.7.1960) (id=2374) the only time (id=10297) | |
Robert Thomson Leiper[yt] | April 17, 1881 Witch Road, Kilmarnock, United Kingdom |
May 21, 1969 |
1936 | Nominated by John Gordon Thomson (1878 Linlithgowshire - 13.8.1937 London) (id=9243) the only time (id=5356) | |
Nils Herman Nilsson-Ehle[yu] | February 12, 1873 Skurup, Sweden |
December 29, 1949 Lund, Sweden |
1936 | (id=6708) | |
Victor Veau[yv] | December 8, 1871 Glogau, German Empire |
May 16, 1949 |
1936 | Nominated by Bernhard Mayrhofer (21.1.1868–1.8.1938) (id=6027) the only time (id=9575) | |
Allan Roy Dafoe[yw] | May 29, 1883 Madoc, Canada |
June 2, 1943 North Bay, Ontario, Canada |
1936[263] | Nominated by Hugh Alister McGuigan (29.3.1874 Lisnoe - 1964 Evanston) (id=6039) the only time | |
Sir Patrick Playfair Laidlaw[yx] | September 26, 1881 Glasgow, United Kingdom |
March 20, 1940 London, United Kingdom |
1936, 1937 | (id=5166) | |
Selig Hecht[yy] | 1892 Glogau, German Empire |
1947 |
1936 | Nominated with Th.M.Rivers by Bret Ratner (25.4.1893 Brooklyn, New York City - 11.10.1957) (id=7578) the only time (id=3973) | |
Thomas Milton Rivers[yz] | September 3, 1888 Jonesboro, Georgia, United States |
May 12, 1962 Forest Hills, Queens, New York, United States |
1936, 1939 | (id=7759) | |
Robert Doerr[za] | November 1, 1871 Técső, Kingdom of Hungary |
January 6, 1952 Basel, Switzerland |
1936, 1943 | (id=2468) | |
Antoine Lacassagne[zb] | August 29, 1884 Villerest, France |
December 16, 1971 Paris, France |
1936, 1953 | (id=5133) | |
Kuno Yasu[zc] | March 30, 1882 Nagoya, Japan |
December 30, 1977 |
1936, 1938, 1953 | (id=5094) | |
Gregory Shwartzman[zd] | May 26, 1896 Odessa, Russian Empire |
July 25, 1965 New York City, United States |
1936, 1953 | (id=8281 id=8509) | |
James Wilfred Cook[ze] | December 10, 1900 London, United Kingdom |
October 21, 1975 Exeter, England |
1936, 1937, 1941,[264] 1942 | Nominated jointly with Ern.Kennaway mainly and for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=1933) | |
Ernest Kennaway[zf] | May 23, 1881 Exeter, United Kingdom |
January 1, 1958 St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, England |
1936, 1937, 1941,[264] 1942, 1946, 1951, 1953 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=4791) | |
1937 | |||||
Izrael Hieger | June 13, 1901 Siedlce, Russian Empire |
October 14, 1986 |
1937, 1942[265] | (id=4160) Nominated jointly[zg] with J.W.Cook and Ern.Kennaway only (id=6020) | |
William Valentine Mayneord | February 14, 1902 Redditch, Worcestershire, United Kingdom |
August 10, 1988 |
1937, 1942[266] | ||
Max Theiler[zh] | January 30, 1899 Pretoria, South African Republic |
August 11, 1972 New Haven, Connecticut, United States |
1937, 1948, 1950, 1951 | Won the 1951 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[zi] (id=9202) | |
Wendell Meredith Stanley[zj] | August 16, 1904 Ridgeville, Indiana, United States |
June 15, 1971 Salamanca, Spain |
1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1946, 1947 | (id=8731 id=8732) Shared the 1946 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with J.B.Sumner and jointly[zk] with J.H.Northrop | |
Moses Kunitz[zl] | December 19, 1887 Slonim, Russian Empire |
April 21, 1978 Philadelphia, United States |
1937 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=5093) | |
Auguste Lumière[zm] | 19 October 1862 Besançon, France |
10 April 1954 Bandol, France |
1937 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too (id=5691) | |
Hans Karl Gustav Schmidt | February 20, 1886 Höchst am Main, German Empire |
April 20, 1959 Wuppertal-Elberfeld, Germany |
1937 | Nominated jointly[zn] with P.Th.Uhlenhuth only (id=8204) | |
Robert Tilden Frank[zo] | May 11, 1875 New York City, United States |
October 15, 1949 New York City, United States |
1937 | Nominated by A.D.Hirschfelder the only time (id=3178) | |
Henri Coutard | August 27, 1876 Marolles-les-Braults, France |
March 16, 1950 Le Mans, France |
1937 | Nominated jointly[zp] with Cl.Regaud only (id=2007) | |
Francis Hoeffer McMechan[zq] | January 16, 1879 Cincinnati, United States |
June 29, 1939 Cleveland, United States |
1937 | Nominated by Marion Sylvester Dooley (23.12.1879 Cedar Grove - 1958) (id=2515) the only time (id=6061) | |
Hans Christian Hagedorn[zr] | March 6, 1888 Copenhagen, Denmark |
October 6, 1971 Gentofte, Denmark |
1937 | Nominated by Anne Bourquin (id=1239) the only time (id=6061) | |
George Oswald Burr | October 6, 1896 Conway, Arkansas, United States |
1992 Honolulu, Hawaii, United States |
1937 | Nominated jointly[zs] with H.McL.Evans by J.Fr.McClendon the only time (id=1467) | |
René Chevallier[zt] | ? |
? |
1937 | Nominated by Jean Marie Paviot (Lyon: 14.11.1866-13.12.1944) (id=7053) the only time (id=1762) | |
Ralph Robinson Parker | February 23, 1888 Malden, Massachusetts, United States |
September 4, 1949 Hamilton, Montana, United States |
1937 | (id=6996) Nominated jointly[zu] by H.Beitzke the only time (id=8691) | |
Roscoe Roy Spencer | July 28, 1888 King William County, Virginia, United States |
January 10, 1982 Lynchburg, Virginia, United States | |||
William Burridge[zv] | July 1, 1885 |
April 21, 1955 Dartford, England |
1937 | Nominated by Gladys Helen Marchant (21.9.1891 Calcutta - 1969) (id=5892) the only time (id=1469) | |
Félix Augustin Dévé[zw] | November 10, 1872 Beauvais, France |
September 1, 1951 Paris, France |
1937 | Nominated by Marcel Virgile Chaton (17.7.1881 Bracon - 1955) (id=1740) the only time (id=1469) | |
Alexandre Joseph Émile Brumpt[zx] | March 10, 1877 Paris, France |
July 8, 1951 Paris, France |
1937 | Nominated by Jean Jérome Augustin Bussière (1872-25.10.1958) (id=1483) the only time (id=1390) | |
Fred (Friedrich) Neufeld[zy] | February 17, 1869 Danzig, North German Confederation |
April 18, 1945 Berlin, Nazi Germany |
1937 | (id=6662) | |
Ferdinand-Jean (János) Darier[zz] | April 26, 1856 Pest, Kingdom of Hungary |
June 4, 1938 Longpont-sur-Orge, France |
1937 | Nominated by L.S.Nékám the only time (id=2136) | |
Max Askanazy[aaa] | February 24, 1865 Stallupönen, Province of Prussia |
October 23, 1940 Geneva, Switzerland |
1937 | Nominated by Albert-Rene Jentzer (18.5.1886 Plainpalais - 1964) (id=4585) the only time (id=535) | |
Nikolay Nikolayevich Anichkov[aab] | November 3, 1885 Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire |
December 7, 1964 Leningrad, Russia |
1937 | Nominated by P.Nolf the only time (id=453) | |
Charles Horace Mayo[aac] | July 19, 1865 Rochester, Minnesota, United States |
May 26, 1939 Chicago, United States |
1937 | Nominated with his brother W.J.Mayo only (id=6022) | |
Maurice Favre | May 18, 1876 Les Rousses, France |
December 16, 1954 Lyon, France |
1937[aad] | (id=2930) | |
Joseph Nicolas | August 11, 1868 Lyon, France |
September 20, 1960 Cannes, France |
Nominated jointly with M.Favre by F.Arloing the only time (id=6682) | ||
Russell LaFayette Cecil[aae] | 1881 |
June 1, 1965 |
1937[267] | Nominated by clinical professor of diseases of children Gayles W. Graves from the New York University the only time | |
Carl Gustaf "Gösta" Abrahamsson Forssell[aaf] | March 2, 1876 Vassbo, Kopparbergs län, Sweden |
November 13, 1950 Danderyd Municipality, Sweden |
1937, 1939, 1940, 1941,[268] 1945[269] | (id=3120) | |
Nicola Pende[aag] | April 21, 1880 Noicattaro, Kingdom of Italy |
June 8, 1970 Rome, Italy |
1937, 1943, 1951 | (id=7095) | |
Ernest William Goodpasture[aah] | October 17, 1886 Clarksville, Tennessee, United States |
September 20, 1960 Nashville, United States |
1937, 1942,[248] 1945,[270] 1948, 1949, 1951, 1952, 1953 | (id=3545) | |
Michael Heidelberger[aai] | April 29, 1888 New York City, United States |
June 25, 1991 New York City, United States |
1937, 1938, 1939, 1942, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=3995) | |
1938 - Prize has been awarded a year later | |||||
Gerhard Johannes Paul Domagk[aaj] | October 30, 1895 Lagow, German Empire |
April 24, 1964 Burgberg, Germany |
1938, 1939, 1940,[271] 1951, 1952, 1953 |
Won the 1939 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[aak] (id=2494) | |
Perrin Hamilton Long[aal] | April 7, 1899 Bryan, Ohio, United States |
December 17, 1965 Edgartown, Massachusetts, United States |
1938 | Nominated by George W. Raiziss (id=7532) the only time: P.H.Long (id=5600) - with G.J.P.Domagk and Ph.Levene; Fr.Nitti (id=6721) - jointly[aam] with J.Tréfouël | |
Frédéric Nitti | September 20, 1903 Ischia, Campania, Kingdom of Italy |
March 2, 1947 Rome, Italy | |||
Jacques Tréfouël[aan] | November 9, 1897 Le Raincy, France |
July 11, 1977 Paris, France |
1938, 1948 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=9338) | |
Magnus John Karl August Forssman[aao] | November 22, 1868 Kalmar, Sweden |
March 12, 1947 Lund, Sweden |
1938 | Nominated by R.Bruynoghe the only time (id=3124) | |
Leonard George Rowntree[aap] | April 10, 1883 London, Ontario, Canada |
June 2, 1959 Miami Beach, Florida, United States |
1938 | (id=7937) | |
Carlo Ceni[aaq] | May 15, 1866 Brignano Gera d'Adda, Kingdom of Italy |
March 13, 1965 Bologna, Italy |
1938 | (id=1683) | |
Albert Louis Brown[aar] | February 27, 1899 Cincinnati, Ohio, United States |
June, 10, 1963 |
1938 | (id=1373) Nominated by Sidney Lange (id=5217) the only time (id=5706) | |
Louis Aryah Lurie[aas] | February 10, 1886 Salant, Russian Empire |
after 1959 | |||
Adolfo Lutz[aat] | December 18, 1855 Rio de Janeiro, Empire of Brazil |
October 6, 1940 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
1938 | Nominated by Octavio Magalhaes (id=5802) the only time (id=5713) | |
Frank Alexander Hartman[aau] | December 4, 1883 Gibbon, Nebraska, United States |
March 21, 1971 Columbus, Ohio, United States |
1938 | Nominated by David Andrew Tucker, Jr. (21.12.1890 near Greensburg - 3.6.1958 Cincinnati) (id=9392) the only time (id=3917) | |
Erik Matteo Prochet Widmark[aav] | June 13, 1889 Helsingborg, Sweden |
April 30, 1945 |
1938 | Nominated by W.Schwarzacher the only time (id=10153) | |
Anton Freiherr von Eiselsberg[aaw] | July 31, 1860 Schloss Steinhaus, Austrian Empire, German Confederation |
October 25, 1939 St._Valentin, Lower Austria, Nazi Germany |
1938 | (id=9743) | |
Theodor Christian Brun Frølich[aax] | September 29, 1870 Kristiania, Norway |
August 14, 1947 Oslo, Norway |
1938 | Nominated by J.M.Holst[aay] the only time (id=3262) | |
Bun-ichi Hasama[aaz] | ? |
? |
1938 | (id=3926) Nominated with Al.G.Gurwitsch and Al. L. von Muralt by Albr.J.Th.Bethe the only time (id=9786) | |
Erich Walther von Holst[aba] | November 28, 1908 Riga, Russian Empire |
May 26, 1962 Herrsching am Ammersee, Germany | |||
Alexander Ludwig von Muralt[abb] | August 19, 1903 Zürich, Switzerland |
May 28, 1990 Arni, Bern, Switzerland |
1938, 1950 | (id=9829) | |
Francesco Pentimalli[abc] | November 28, 1885 Palmi, Calabria, Kingdom of Italy |
April 26, 1958 Rome, Italy |
1938, 1942 | (id=7099) | |
Edward Carl Rosenow[abd] | July 14, 1875 Fountain City or Alma, Wisconsin, United States |
March 7, 1966 Minneapolis, United States |
1938, 1948 | Nominated by M.H.Fischer only (id=7876) | |
Ralph Walter Graystone Wyckoff, Sr.[abe] | August 9, 1897 Geneva, New York, United States |
November 3, 1994 Tucson, Arizona, United States |
1938, 1948 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=10521) | |
Harry Goldblatt[abf] | March 14, 1891 Muscatine, Iowa, United States |
January 6, 1977 Cleveland, United States |
1938, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1947, 1948, 1950 | (id=3508) | |
Manfred Joshua Sakel[abg] | June 6, 1900 Nadwirna, Austria-Hungary |
December 2, 1957 New York, United States |
1938, 1940, 1943, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953 | (id=8051) | |
1939 | |||||
London, Efim Semjonovich[abh] | January 9, 1869 Kalvarija, Lithuania, Russian Empire |
March 21, 1939 Leningrad, Russia |
1930,[272] 1934,[273] 1939 | Died before the only chance to be rewarded (id=5596) | |
Charles Dhéré[abi] | March 5, 1876 Paris, France |
January 18, 1955 Geneva, Switzerland |
1939 | Nominated with W.R.Hess and Ax.H.Th.Theorell by H.Zangger the only time (id=2648) | |
Hendrik Gerard Bungenberg de Jong[abj] | May 27, 1893 The Hague, Netherlands |
May 7, 1977 Arnhem, Netherlands |
1939 | Nominated by Aemilius Bernardus Droogleever Fortuyn (7.11.1886 Rotterdam - 13.8.1970 Utrecht) (id=2544 id=3131) the only time (id=1447) | |
Makoto Ishihara[abk] | May 18, 1879 Itami, Japan |
December 11, 1938 |
1939 | Nominated posthumously by Daize Ogata (id=6833) the only time (id=4489) | |
Noel Joseph Terence Montgomery Needham[abl] | December 9, 1900 London, United Kingdom |
March 24, 1995 Cambridge, England |
1939 | Nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize too (id=6627) | |
Frederick Charles Bawden | August 18, 1908 North Tawton, United Kingdom |
February 8, 1972 Harpenden, England |
1939 | (id=769) Jointly[abm] nominated only including for the Nobel Peace in Chemistry too (id=7273) | |
Norman Wingate Pirie | July 1, 1907 Easebourne, United Kingdom |
March 29, 1997 Harpenden, England | |||
Gustave Roussy[abn] | November 24, 1874 Vevey, Switzerland |
September 30, 1948 Paris, France |
1939 | Nominated with P.A.Bouin and L.Éd.Lapicque by C.Cordier (id=1949) the only time (id=7922) | |
Leo Loeb[abo] | September 21, 1869 Mayen, North German Confederation |
December 28, 1959 St. Louis, United States |
1939 | Nominated by Edmund Vincent Cowdry (18.7.1888 Fort Macleod - 25.6.1975 St. Louis) (id=2010) the only time (id=5572) | |
Riuso Torikata[abp] | ? |
? |
1939 | Nominated by Kohei Koyano (id=5012) the only time (id=9314) | |
Rudolf Spanner[abq] | April 17, 1895 Metternich bei Koblenz, German Empire |
August 31, 1960 Cologne, Germany |
1939 | Nominated with Quinto Calabro (id=1535) by Pr.Dorello the only time (id=8684) | |
Quinto Calabro[abr] | 1905 |
1987 |
1939 | (id=1535) Nominated by Pr.Dorello and Osv.Polimanti only (id=4618) (id=4654) (id=5396) (id=1066) (id=1935) (id=3144) (id=8694) (id=8943) | |
Norman Hayhurst Jolliffe | August 18, 1901 Knob Fork, West Virginia, United States |
August 1, 1961 New York, United States |
1939[abs] | ||
Thomas Hughes Jukes | August 26, 1906 Hastings, United Kingdom |
November 1, 1999 | |||
Samuel Lepkovsky | November 15 (or February), 1899 |
April 12, 1984 Oakland, California, United States | |||
Marion Arthur Blankenhorn | November 13, 1885 Orrville, Ohio, United States |
September 3, 1957 Cincinnati, United States | |||
Clark Neil (Niel) Cooper | December 26, 1904 Villisca, Iowa, United States |
April 7, 1973 Naples, Florida, United States | |||
Paul Jones Fouts | June 15, 1905 Centerville, Indiana, United States |
September 5, 1973 Marion, Indiana, United States | |||
Tom Douglas Spies | September 21, 1902 Ravenna, Texas, United States |
February 28, 1960 New York, United States | |||
Virgil Preston Willis Sydenstricker | July 15, 1889 Hamilton, Missouri, United States |
December 12, 1964 Augusta, Georgia, United States | |||
Julian Meade Ruffin | Aug. 26, 1900 Norfolk, Virginia, United States |
Dec. 31, 1978 Orange County, North Carolina, United States |
(id=7959) Nominated by Osv.Polimanti the only time (id=8605) (id=8619) | ||
David Tillerson Smith | October 1, 1898 near Lebanon, Anderson County, South Carolina, United States |
January 20, 1981 Little Rock, Arkansas, United States | |||
Susan Gower Smith | December 9, 1895 Greenville County, South Carolina, United States |
October 3, 1983 Little Rock, Arkansas, United States | |||
Frank Morgan Strong[abs] | December 26, 1908 Alpine, New York, United States |
1993 |
1939, 1940[274] | (id=8845) [abt] (id=5788) | |
Robert James Madden | 1939, 1940[275] | ||||
Dilworth Wayne Woolley[abu] | July 20, 1914 Raymond, Alberta, Canada |
July 23, 1966 Cuzco, Peru |
1939, 1940,[276] 1948, 1949, 1950 | (id=10306) | |
Conrad Arnold Elvehjem[abv] | May 27, 1901 McFarland, Wisconsin, United States |
July 27, 1962 Madison, Wisconsin, United States |
1939, 1940, 1942, 1943, 1947, 1950 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=2777) | |
May Mellanby | May 1, 1882 London, United Kingdom |
March 5, 1978 |
1939 | Nominated jointly[abw] with her husband Edw.Mellanby only (id=6108) | |
Edward Mellanby[abx] | April 8, 1884 West Hartlepool, United Kingdom |
January 30, 1955 |
1939, 1947 | (id=6109) |
1940–1949
[edit]Picture | Name | Born | Died | Years Nominated | Notes[3] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1940 - this year Prize was not awarded | |||||
Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius[aby] | August 10, 1902 Stockholm, Sweden |
October 29, 1971 Uppsala, Sweden |
1940, 1946, 1948, 1949 | (id=9282) Won the 1948 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[abz] | |
Noël Armand Fiessinger[aca] | December 24, 1881 Thaon-les-Vosges, France |
January 15, 1946 Paris, France |
1940 | Nominated by Edmond Benhamou (30.3.1882 Algiers - 14.11.1973 Paris) (id=864) the only time (id=2942) | |
George Van Siclen Smith | September 17, 1900 New York, United States |
1984 |
1940 | (id=8610) Nominated jointly[acb] by Frank Arthur Pemberton (id=7094) the only time (id=8615) | |
Olive Watkins Smith | April 29, 1901 Worcester, Massachusetts, United States |
1983 | |||
Willis Cohoon Campbell[acc] | 1880 Jackson, Mississippi, United States |
1941 Memphis, Tennessee, United States |
1940 | Nominated by William Thomas Pride (b. 28.10.1881 Huntsville - ?) (id=7415) the only time (id=1569) | |
Paul Gyorgy[acd] | April 7, 1893 Nagyvárad, Austria-Hungary |
March 1, 1976 Morristown, New Jersey, United States |
1940 | Nominated by G.Popovici the only time (id=3750) | |
Robley Cook Williams[ace] | October 13, 1908 Santa Rosa, California, United States |
January 3, 1995 Oneonta, New York, United States |
1940 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=0207) | |
Hans Zinsser[acf] | November 17, 1878 New York, United States |
September 4, 1940 New York, United States |
1940, 1941[277] | Died before the only chance to be rewarded (id=10414) | |
Josef Klarer[acg] | January 10, 1898 Munich, German Empire |
June 21, 1953 Wuppertal-Elberfeld, Germany |
1940[271] | Nominated by professor Agostino Crosti (1896-1988) from the University of Perugia the only time | |
Maurizio Ascoli[ach] | July 14, 1876 Trieste, Austria-Hungary |
August 4, 1958 Palermo, Italy |
1940[276] | Nominated by V.Ang.Borrino the only time | |
Hans Berger[aci] | May 21, 1873 Neuses, Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, German Empire |
June 1, 1941 Jena, Nazi Germany |
1940, 1942, 1947, 1950 | (id=895) | |
Jan Boeke[acj] | October 23, 1874 Hengelo, Netherlands |
September 12, 1956 Bandung, Indonesia |
1940, 1945, 1951 | (id=1110) | |
1941 - this year Prize was not awarded | |||||
Carl Peter Henrik Dam[ack] | February 21, 1895 Copenhagen, Denmark |
April 17, 1976 Copenhagen, Denmark |
1941, 1942, 1943, 1944 | Shared the 1943 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Edw.Ad.Doisy a year later[acl] (id=2119) | |
Herman James Almquist | March 3, 1903 Helena, Montana, United States |
January 15, 1994 |
1941 | Nominated jointly [acm] with Edw.Ad.Doisy and L.Fr.Fieser by J.P.Strömbeck the only time (id=385) | |
Louis Frederick Fieser[acm] | April 7, 1899 Columbus, Ohio, United States |
July 25, 1977 Belmont, Massachusetts, United States |
1941 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=2990) | |
René Albert Gutmann[acn] | December 25, 1885 Paris, France |
December 22, 1981 |
1941 | Nominated by Luis Carlos Cadavid (id=1525) the only time (id=8320) | |
Theophilus Shickel Painter[aco] | August 22, 1889 |
October 5, 1969 |
1941 | Nominated by H.J.Chr. de Winiwarter the only time (id=6951) | |
Hilding Berglund | June 2, 1887 Karlskrona, Sweden |
May 12, 1962 Engelbrekt Parish, Sweden |
1941 | (id=901) Nominated jointly[acp] by B.P.Babkin the only time (id=3847) (id=10451) | |
Einar Hammarsten | January 4, 1889 Norrköping, Sweden |
February 16, 1968 Solna, Sweden | |||
Gunnar Ågren | February 1, 1907 Nacka, Sweden |
November 15, 1982 Uppsala, Sweden | |||
Jesse Louis Bollman | February 19, 1896 Springfield, Illinois, United States |
February 9, 1979 Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States |
1941 | (id=1130) Nominated jointly[acq] with Fr.Ch.Mann (id=5869) by Albert Compton Broders (8.8.1885 Fairfax – 26.3.1964 Temple) (id=1361) the only time (id=5805) | |
Thomas Byrd Magath | January 28, 1895 Oxford, Georgia, United States |
January 30, 1981 Rochester, Minnesota, United States | |||
Alberto Leonardo Barton Thompson[acr] | August 12, 1870 Buenos Aires, Argentina |
October 25, 1950 Lima, Peru |
1941[278] | Nominated by C.Enr.Paz Soldán the only time | |
Niels Christian Klendshoj | February 1, 1902 Denmark |
? |
1941 | Nominated jointly[acs] with E.Witebsky by Frederick James Parmenter (24.11.1880 Buffalo - 1962) (id=6999) the only time (id=4901) | |
Sona Valikhan [Vəlixan] | 19 June 1883 Kharkiv, Ukraine |
4 April 1982 Baku, Azerbaijan |
1941 | [act] | |
Ernst Witebsky[acu] | September 3, 1901 Frankfurt am Main, German Empire |
December 7, 1969 |
1941, 1950 | (id=10266) | |
Irvine Heinly Page[acv] | January 7, 1901 Indianapolis, United States |
June 10, 1991 Hyannis Port, Massachusetts, United States |
1941, 1942, 1945[280] | Nominated with H.Goldblatt only (id=6947) | |
Arthur Stoll[acw] | January 8, 1887 Schinznach-Dorf, Switzerland |
January 13, 1971 Dornach, Switzerland |
1941, 1952, 1953 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=8815) | |
1942 - this year Prize was not awarded | |||||
Ernst August Friedrich Ruska[acx] | December 25, 1906 Heidelberg, German Empire |
May 27, 1988 West Berlin, Germany |
1942[acy] | (id=7977) Shared the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physics[acz] with G.Binnig and H.Rohrer | |
Bodo von Borries | May 22, 1905 Herford, German Empire |
July 17, 1956 Aachen, Germany |
Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too (id=9728) | ||
Frederic Andrews Gibbs | February 9, 1903 Baltimore, United States |
October 18, 1992 Deerfield, Illinois, United States |
1942 | (id=3419) Nominated jointly[ada] by L.Benedek the only time (id=5380) | |
William Gordon Lennox | July 18, 1884 Colorado Springs, United States |
July 21, 1960 Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States | |||
Georges de Morsier[adb] | February 25, 1894 Paris, France |
January 9, 1982 Geneva, Switzerland |
1942 | (id=2280) Nominated by Charles Ladame (19.06.1871, Le Locle - 28.10.1949) (id=5142) the only time (id=2296) | |
Raoul de Seigneux[adc] | October 27, 1865 Morges, Switzerland |
March 25, 1947 | |||
Rudolph Schoenheimer[add] | May 10, 1898 Berlin, German Empire |
September 11, 1941 Yonkers, New York, United States |
1942 | Nominated posthumously and for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=8227) | |
John Augustine English Eyster[ade] | July 31, 1881 Augusta County, Virginia, United States |
March 5, 1960 Fort Myers, Florida, United States |
1942 | Nominated with J.Erlanger and H.Sp.Gasser only (id=6947) | |
Eliot Round Clark[adf] | November 13, 1881 Shelburne, Massachusetts, United States |
1963 |
1942[281] | Nominated by Cl.L.P.Masson the only time | |
Richard Benedict Goldschmidt[adg] | April 12, 1878 Frankfurt am Main, German Empire |
April 24, 1958 Berkeley, California, United States |
1942[282] | Nominated by R.Cr.Punnett the only time | |
Colin Leslie Hewett | August 19, 1909 London, United Kingdom |
December 22, 1976 Glasgow, United Kingdom |
1942[266] | Nominated jointly [adh] with W.V.Mayneord by S.Bayne-Jones the only time | |
William Joseph Elford | January 4, 1900 Malmesbury, United Kingdom |
February 14, 1952 |
1942[283] | Nominated jointly [adi] with Ern.W.Goodpasture by Níels P. Dungal (14.6.1897 Ísafjörður - 29.10.1965 Reykjavík) (id=2598) the only time | |
1943 - Prize has been awarded a year later | |||||
Vincent du Vigneaud[adj] | May 18, 1901 Chicago, United States |
December 11, 1978 White Plains, New York, United States |
1943, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951 | (id=2555) Won the 1955 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[adk] | |
Stephen Walter Ranson[adl] | August 28, 1880 Dodge Center, Minnesota, United States |
August 30, 1942 |
1943 | Nominated posthumously the only time with J.Barcroft and H.Goldblatt by W.Br.Cannon (id=7560) | |
Lionel Ernest Howard Whitby[adm] | May 8, 1895 Yeovil, United Kingdom |
November 24, 1956 London, England |
1943 | Nominated by Robert Hughes Parry (3.1.1895 - 1.5.1986) (id=7003) the only time (id=10135) | |
Samuel Ottmar Mast[adn] | October 5, 1871 Washtenaw County, Michigan, United States |
February 3, 1947 |
1943 | Nominated by Eduard Carl Adolf Uhlenhuth (19.7.1885 Wolkersdorf, Austria - 5.5.1961) (id=9430) the only time (id=5986) | |
Harvey Ellsworth Billig, Jr. | June 16, 1907 Grand Junction, Colorado, United States |
? |
1943 | (id=1012) Nominated jointly[ado] by Harlan Shoemaker (id=8501) the only time (id=9536) (id=10174) | |
Anthonie H. van Harreveld | February 16, 1904 Haarlem, Netherlands |
August 14, 1987 | |||
Cornelis Adrianus Gerrit Wiersma | October 10, 1905 Naaldwijk, Netherlands |
May 18 (or 19), 1979 Pasadena, United States | |||
Giuseppe Pagano[adp] | September 21, 1872 Palermo, Kingdom of Italy |
August 9, 1959 Palermo, Italy |
1943, 1944[284] | (id=6946) | |
Ladislas Joseph Meduna[adq] | March 27, 1896 Budapest, Austria-Hungary |
October 31, 1964 Chicago, United States |
1943, 1950, 1952, 1953 | Nominated with M.J.Sakel only (id=2267 id=9822 id=6080) | |
Ugo Cerletti[adr] | September 26, 1877 Conegliano, Kingdom of Italy |
July 25, 1963 Rome, Italy |
1943, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953 | (id=1691) | |
Alexander Fleming[ads] | August 6, 1881 Lochfield farm near Darvel, United Kingdom |
March 11, 1955 London, United Kingdom |
1943, 1944, 1945, 1946, 1952 |
(id=3058) (id=3070) Shared the 1945 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[adt] (id=1706) | |
Baron Howard Walter Florey[ads] | September 24, 1898 Adelaide, Australia |
February 21, 1968 London, United Kingdom |
1943, 1944, 1945, 1946 | ||
1944 | |||||
E.B.Chain[adu] | June 19, 1906 Berlin, German Empire |
August 12, 1979 Castlebar, Ireland |
1944, 1945 | ||
Arthur Lawrie Tatum[adv] | May 17, 1884 Wall Lake, Iowa, United States |
November 11, 1955 Madison, Wisconsin, United States |
1944 | Nominated by George Byron Roth (22.5.1879 Mount Eaton – ?) (id=7910) the only time (id=9014) | |
Hermann Mooser[adw] | May 3, 1891 Maienfeld, Switzerland |
June 20, 1971 Zürich, Switzerland |
1944 | Nominated by H.Schinz the only time (id=6397) | |
Torald Herman Sollman | February 10, 1874 Kolberg, German Empire |
February 11, 1965 |
1944[285] | Nominated jointly[adx] by professor of pharmacology Clinton H. Thienes (9.8.1896 Evansville - 18.5.1976) from Los Angeles the only time | |
Paul John Hanzlik | July 24, 1885 near Shueyville, Iowa, United States |
February 1, 1951 San Mateo, California, United States | |||
Ichiji Tasaki | October 10, 1910 Japan |
January 4, 2009 |
1944[241] | Nominated jointly[ady] with G.Kato by A.L.von Muralt the only time | |
Alfred Vogt | October 31, 1879 Menziken, Switzerland |
December 10, 1943 Zürich, Switzerland |
Nominated posthumously jointly with W.R.Hess by A.L.von Muralt the only time | ||
Mariano Rafael Castex | June 10, 1886 Buenos Aires, Argentina |
June 30, 1968 Buenos Aires, Argentina |
1944[286] | Nominated without motivation by J.Belbey the only time | |
Edwin Bennett Astwood[adz] | December 19, 1909 Hamilton, Bermuda |
February 17, 1976 Hamilton, Bermuda |
1944, 1947, 1948 | (id=547) | |
René Jules Dubos[aea] | February 20, 1901 Saint-Brice-sous-Forêt, France |
February 20, 1982 New York, United States |
1944, 1945,[255] 1946, 1949 | (id=2559) | |
1945 | |||||
Kouchakoff, Paul Grigor'evich[aeb] |
1881 Uman, Russian Empire |
August 4, 1946 Lausanne, Switzerland |
1945 | Nominated by Charles Perret (1880 or 1881 – 1960) (id=7131) the only time (id=5003) | |
Wilton Robinson Earle[aec] | June 22, 1902 Greenville, South Carolina, United States |
May 30, 1964 Burtonsville, Maryland, United States |
1945[270] | Nominated with Alexander Fleming and Ern.W.Goodpasture by professor of ophthalmology William Thornwall Davis (14.1.1877 Little Rock - 16.6.1944 Washington) from Washington, D.C. the only time | |
Homer William Smith[aed] | January 2, 1895 Denver, United States |
March 25, 1962 New York, United States |
1945, 1946, 1948, 1950 | (id=8612) | |
Torbjörn Oskar Caspersson[aee] | October 15, 1910 Motala, Sweden |
December 7, 1997 Salem, Sweden |
1944,[241] 1945, 1951, 1953 | (id=1647) Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too | |
1946 | |||||
Carl Ferdinand Cori[aef] | December 5, 1896 Prague, Austria-Hungary |
October 20, 1984 Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States |
1946, 1947 | (id=1953) Shared the 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[aeg] with B.Alb.Houssay (id=1955) | |
Gerty Theresa Cori[aef] | August 15, 1896 Prague, Austria-Hungary |
October 26, 1957 Glendale, Missouri, United States | |||
Selman Abraham Waksman[aeh] | July 22, 1888 Nova Pryluka, Russian Empire |
August 16, 1973 Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States |
1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952 | Won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[aei] and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=9933) | |
Hans Adolf Krebs[aej] | August 25, 1900 Hildesheim, German Empire |
November 22, 1981 Oxford, England |
1946, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953 | Shared the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[aek] with Fr.Alb.Lipmann and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=5042) | |
Ragnar Arthur Granit[ael] | October 30, 1900 Riihimäki, Russian Empire |
March 12, 1991 Stockholm, Sweden |
1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1951, 1952, 1953 | Shared the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with H.K.Hartline and G.Wald[aem] (id=3606) | |
Paul Läuger[aen] | January 16, 1896 Basel, Switzerland |
June 4, 1959 Gentilino, Switzerland |
1946 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=5729) | |
Oscar Riddle[aeo] | September 27, 1877 Cincinnati, Indiana, United States |
November 29, 1968 Plant City, Florida, United States |
1946 | Nominated by Fr.Verzár the only time (id=7724) | |
Engelgardt, Vladimir Aleksandrovich | December 3, 1894 Moscow, Russian Empire |
July 10, 1984 Moscow, Russia |
1946 | (id=2796) Nominated jointly[aep] by L.Abg.Orbeli the only time (id=5544) | |
Ljubimova, Militsa Nikolaevna |
January 7, 1899 Kazan (?), Russian Empire |
December 22, 1975 Moscow, Russia | |||
Frédéric Hippolyte Jean Bosc[aeq] | 1867 Aubin, France |
October 1, 1945 Montpellier, France |
1946[287] | Nominated posthumously by Georges Massabuau from the University of Montpellier the only time | |
Max Maurice Strumia[aer] | September 23, 1896 Turin, Kingdom of Italy |
January 13, 1972 Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, United States |
1946[288] | Nominated by Joseph Cooper Birdsall from the University of Pennsylvania the only time | |
William Cumming Rose[aes] | April 4, 1887 Greenville, South Carolina, United States |
September 25, 1985 Urbana, Illinois, United States |
1946, 1947, 1949 | (id=7865) Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=7866) | |
Manuel Dias de Abreu[aet] | January 4, 1892 São Paulo, Brazil |
January 30, 1962 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
1946, 1951, 1953 | (id=2177) | |
Philip Levine[aeu] | September 10, 1900 Kletsk, Russian Empire |
October 18, 1987 New York, United States |
1946, 1950, 1952, 1953 | (id=5431) | |
Alexander Solomon Wiener[aev] | March 16, 1907 New York, United States |
November 6, 1976 New York City, United States |
1946, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953 | (id=10171) | |
1947 | |||||
John Boyd Orr[aew] | September 23, 1880 Kilmaurs, United Kingdom |
June 25, 1971 Edzell, Scotland |
1947 | (id=1260) Won the 1949 Nobel Peace Prize[aex] | |
Norbert Goormaghtigh[aey] | February 14, 1890 Ostende, Belgium |
January 2, 1960 Sint-Martens-Latem, Belgium |
1946,[289] 1947 | (id=3550) | |
Gabriel Emil Bertrand[aez] | May 17, 1867 Paris, France |
June 20, 1962 Paris, France |
1947 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=953 id=954) | |
Neil Hamilton Fairley[afa] | July 15, 1891 Inglewood, Victoria, Australia |
April 19, 1966 Sonning, United Kingdom |
1947 | (id=2901) | |
Thomas Graham Brown[afb] | March 27, 1882 Edinburgh, United Kingdom |
October 28, 1965 Edinburgh, Scotland |
1947 | Nominated by Robert E. Gesell (23.6.1886 Alma - 19.4.1954 Ann Arbor) (id=3406) the only time (id=1378) | |
Irvin Forest Huddleson[afc] | October 17, 1893 Murphysville, Mason County, Kentucky, United States |
May 26, 1964 |
1947 | Nominated by Pedro Pablo Pinero Garcia (19.2.1885 Rosario - 21.7.1949) (id=7257) the only time (id=4343) | |
Thomas Francis Jr.[afd] | July 15, 1880 Gas City, Indiana, United States |
October 1, 1969 Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States |
1947 | Nominated by John Sundwall (12.6.1880 Fairview - 13.12.1950 Ann Arbor) (id=8904) the only time (id=3159) | |
Daniel Cody Darrow[afe] | February 18, 1895 Fargo, North Dakota, United States |
June 20, 1965 |
1947 | Nominated by Arild (or Alfred?) Edsten Hansen (2.6.1899 Minneapolis - 16.10.1962 Oakland) (id=3863) the only time (id=2138) | |
Alan Gregg[aff] | July 11, 1890 Colorado Springs, United States |
June 19, 1957 Big Sur, United States |
1947 | Nominated by Bradley Merrill Patten (1889-1971) (id=7030) the only time (id=3632) | |
Samuel Phillips Bedson[afg] | December 1, 1886 Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom |
May 11, 1969 |
1947 | Nominated by H.M.Turnbull the only time (id=807) | |
Horton Corwin Hinshaw, Sr. | August 1, 1902 Iowa Falls, United States |
December 28, 2000 San Rafael, California, United States |
1947 | Nominated jointly[afh] with S.Abr.Waksman and W.H.Feldman only (id=4191) | |
William Hugh Feldman[afi] | November 30, 1892 Glasgow, United Kingdom |
January 15, 1974 Rochester, Minnesota, United States |
1947, 1951 | (id=2947) | |
Edward Charles Dodds[afj] | October 13, 1899 Liverpool, United Kingdom |
December 16, 1973 Paddington, London, England |
1947, 1948 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=2462) | |
John Joseph Bittner[afk] | February 25, 1904 Meadville, Pennsylvania, United States |
December 14, 1961 |
1947, 1948, 1951 | (id=1041) | |
Melvin Henry Knisely[afl] | June 17, 1904 Hillman, Michigan, United States |
March 30, 1975 Charleston, South Carolina, United States |
1947, 1948, 1949, 1951 | (id=4920) | |
Jacques Charpy[afm] | March 13, 1900 Montluçon, France |
August 1957 Is-sur-Tille, France |
1947, 1951, 1952 | (id=1738) | |
Alfred Blalock[afn] | April 5, 1899 Culloden, Georgia, United States |
September 15, 1964 Baltimore, United States |
1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953 | (id=1061) | |
Helen Brooke Taussig[afo] | May 24, 1898 Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States |
May 20, 1986 Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, United States |
1947, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953 | (id=9017) | |
James-Paul Reilly[afp] | March 6, 1887 Landerneau, France |
December 24, 1974 Paris, France |
1947, 1952, 1953 | (id=7635 id=7634) | |
1948 | |||||
Paul Hermann Müller[afq] | January 12, 1899 Olten, Switzerland |
October 13, 1965 Basel, Switzerland |
1946,[290] 1948 | Won the 1948 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[afr] (id=6558) | |
Fritz Albert Lipmann[afs] | June 12, 1899 Königsberg, German Empire |
July 24, 1986 Poughkeepsie, New York, United States |
1948, 1949, 1951, 1953 | Shared the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[aft] with H.Ad.Krebs and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=5529) | |
George Wells Beadle[afu] | October 22, 1903 Wahoo, Nebraska, United States |
June 9, 1989 Pomona, California, United States |
1948, 1949, 1950, 1952, 1953 | (id=782) Shared the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[afv] with J.Lederberg and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=9015) | |
Edward Lawrie Tatum[afu] | December 14, 1909 Boulder, Colorado, United States |
November 5, 1975 New York, United States |
1948, 1953 | ||
Frank Macfarlane Burnet[afw] | September 3, 1899 Traralgon, Australia |
August 31, 1985 Port Fairy, Australia |
1948, 1949, 1950, 1953 | Shared the 1960 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with P.Br.Medawar[afx] (id=1464) | |
Karl Ritter von Frisch[afy] | November 20, 1886 Vienna, Austria-Hungary |
June 12, 1982 Munich, Germany |
1948, 1951 | Shared the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with K.Z.Lorenz and N.Tinbergen[afz] (id=9759) | |
Jaroslav Heyrovský[aga] | December 20, 1890 Prague, Austria-Hungary |
March 27, 1967 Prague, Czechia |
1948, 1949, 1953 | (id=4154) Won the 1959 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[agb] and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too | |
Karl Lenggenhager[agc] | April 19, 1903 Chur, Switzerland |
July 25, 1989 Bern, Switzerland |
1948 | Nominated by Ed.Glanzmann the only time (id=5376) | |
Jan Wolf[agd] | May 13, 1894 Nový Bydžov, Austria-Hungary |
January 10, 1977 Prague, Czechia |
1948 | Nominated by Karel Hübschmann (Prague: 13.8.1890-22.8.1981) (id=4400) the only time (id=10283) | |
Chester Hamlin Werkman | June 17, 1893 Fort Wayne, Indiana, United States |
September 10, 1962 Ames, Iowa, United States |
1948, 1949 | (id=10086) Nominated jointly[age] and for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=10299) | |
Harland Goff Wood | September 2, 1907 Delavan, Minnesota, United States |
September 12, 1991 Cleveland, United States |
1948, 1949, 1953 | ||
Ernest Basil Verney[agf] | August 22, 1894 Cardiff, United Kingdom |
August 19, 1967 Cambridge, United Kingdom |
1948, 1950, 1952 | (id=9610) | |
Lucio Bini[agg] | September 18, 1908 Rome, Kingdom of Italy |
August 15, 1964 Rome, Italy |
1948, 1949, 1950, 1952 | (id=1022) | |
Clarence Crafoord[agh] | May 28, 1899 Hudiksvall, Sweden |
February 25, 1984 Danderyd, Sweden |
1948, 1951, 1953 | (id=2015) | |
Georgios Nikolaou Papanikolaou[agi] | May 13, 1883 Kymi, Greece |
February 19, 1962 Miami, United States |
1948, 1949, 1951, 1953 | (id=6979) | |
Maurice Sourdille | October 25, 1885 Nantes, France |
September 20, 1961 Paris, France |
1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1953 | (id=8677) Nominated jointly[agj] or by each other only (id=4278) | |
Nils Gunnar Frithiofsson Holmgren | August 27, 1875 Uppsala, Sweden |
September 6, 1954 Hedvig Eleonora Parish, Sweden |
1948, 1949, 1953 | ||
1949 | |||||
Haldan Keffer Hartline[agk] | December 22, 1903 Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania, United States |
March 17, 1983 Fallston, Maryland, United States |
1949, 1951 | Shared the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with R.A.Granit and G.Wald[aem](id=3916) | |
Edward Joseph Conway[agl] | July 3, 1894 Nenagh, Ireland |
December 29, 1968 |
1949 | (id=1930) Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too | |
William Mansfield Clark | August 17, 1884 Tivoli, New York, United States |
January 19, 1964 Baltimore, United States |
1949 | Nominated jointly[agm] with L.Michaelis by Eric Glendinning Ball (12.7.1904 Coventry - 4.9.1979 Falmouth) (id=656) the only time (id=1823) | |
Paul Rufus Burkholder[agn] | February 1, 1903 Orrstown, Pennsylvania, United States |
August 11, 1972 |
1949 | (id=1461) Nominated jointly with S.Abr.Waksman by Ch.H.Stuart-Harris the only time (id=2578) | |
Benjamin Minge Duggar[ago] | September 1, 1872 Gallion, Alabama, United States |
September 10, 1956 New Haven, Connecticut, United States | |||
Hallowell Davis[agp] | August 31, 1896 New York, United States |
August 22, 1992 St. Louis, United States |
1949 | Nominated jointly with R.Lorente de Nó by Al.Forbes the only time (id=2166) | |
Rafael Lorente de Nó[agq] | April 8, 1902 Zaragoza, Spain |
April 2, 1990 Tucson, United States |
1949, 1950, 1952, 1953 | (id=5634) | |
André Gratia[agr] | July 8, 1893 Saint-Gilles, Belgium |
October 6, 1950 Nyon, Switzerland |
1946,[291] 1949, 1950 | (id=3617) | |
Robert Edward Gross[ags] | July 2, 1905 Baltimore, United States |
October 11, 1988 Plymouth, Massachusetts, United States |
1949, 1951, 1952 | Nominated with Alfr.Blalock only (id=3659) | |
Claude Schaeffer Beck | November 8, 1894 Shamokin, Pennsylvania, United States |
October 14, 1971 Cleveland, United States |
1949, 1952 | Nominated jointly[ags] with Alfr.Blalock, H.Br.Taussig and R.Edw.Gross by G.H.Whipple only (id=793) | |
Choh Hao Li | April 21, 1913 Guangzhou, China |
November 28, 1987 United States |
1949, 1952 | Nominated jointly[agt] with H.McL.Evans only and for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=5455) | |
Karl August Folkers[agu] | September 1, 1906 Decatur, Illinois, United States |
December 7, 1997 New London, Connecticut, United States |
1949, 1951, 1952 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=3096) | |
Fritz Mietzsch[agv] | May 28, 1896 Dresden, German Empire |
November 29, 1958 Wuppertal-Elberfeld, Germany |
1940,[271] 1949, 1952, 1953 | (id=6271) | |
Hans Mauß | April 16, 1901 Barmen, German Empire |
April 5, 1953 Wuppertal-Barmen, Germany |
1949, 1952 | (id=6006) Nominated jointly[agv] with Fr.Mietzsch only (id=4834) | |
Walter Kikuth | December 21, 1896 Riga, Russian Empire |
July 5, 1968 Düsseldorf, Germany |
1949, 1952, 1953 | ||
János Hugo Bruno "Hans" Selye[agw] | January 26, 1907 Vienna, Austria-Hungary |
October 16, 1982 Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953 | (id=8395) | |
Norman McAlister Gregg[agx] | March 7, 1892 Burwood, New South Wales, Australia |
July 27, 1966 Woollahra, Australia |
1949, 1953 | (id=3633) | |
Rudolph Albert Peters[agy] | April 13, 1889 Kensington, London, United Kingdom |
January 29, 1982 Cambridge, England |
1949, 1950, 1953 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=7160) | |
Julius Lempert | July 4, 1890 Lublin, Russian Empire |
December 14, 1968 New York, United States |
1949, 1950, 1951, 1953 | Nominated jointly[agz] with M.Sourdille and with or by N.G.Fr.Holmgren only (id=5370) |
1950–1959
[edit]Picture | Name | Born | Died | Years Nominated | Notes[3] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | |||||
George Elmer Shambaugh Jr. | June 29, 1903 Chicago, United States |
February 7, 1999 Sandwich, Illinois, United States |
1950, 1951, 1953 | Nominated with J.Lempert (id=5370) and jointly[agj] with M.Sourdille and with or by N.G.Fr.Holmgren only (id=8470) | |
Philip Showalter Hench[aha] | February 28, 1896 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States |
March 30, 1965 Ocho Rios, Jamaica |
1950, 1951 | (id=4041) Shared the 1950 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Edw.C.Kendall[nj] T.Reichstein nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=7631) | |
Tadeusz Reichstein[ahb] | July 20, 1897 Włocławek, Russian Empire |
August 1, 1996 Basel, Switzerland |
1950 | ||
Georg von Békésy[ahc] | June 3, 1899 Budapest, Austria-Hungary |
June 13, 1972 Honolulu, Hawaii, United States |
1950 | Won the 1961 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[ahd] and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics too (id=9721) | |
Charles Brenton Huggins[ahe] | September 22, 1901 Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada |
January 12, 1997 Chicago, United States |
1950, 1951 | Shared the 1966 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[ahf] with Fr.P.Rous (id=4357) | |
Archer John Porter Martin[ahg] | March 1, 1910 London, United Kingdom |
July 28, 2002 Llangarron, England |
1950, 1952 | (id=5945) Shared the 1952 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[ahh] (id=8946) | |
Richard Laurence Millington Synge[ahg] | October 28, 1914 Liverpool, United Kingdom |
August 18, 1994 Norwich, England |
1950 | ||
Lyman Creighton Craig | June 12, 1906 Palmyra Township, near Carlisle, Iowa, United States |
July 7, 1974 Glen Rock, New Jersey, United States |
1950 | Nominated jointly[ahg] with A.J.P.Martin and R.L.M.Synge and for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=2016) | |
Carl Gustav Jung[ahi] | July 26, 1875 Kesswil, Switzerland |
June 6, 1961 Küsnacht, Switzerland |
1950 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature too (id=4661) | |
David P. C. Lloyd[ahj] | September 23, 1911 Auburn, Alabama, United States |
April 20, 1985 Carmel, United States |
1950 | Nominated with R.Lorente de Nó by G.von Bonin the only time (id=5547) | |
Georg Rudolf Lieske[ahk] | September 6, 1886 Dresden, German Empire |
July 16, 1950 Hamburg, Germany |
1950 | Died before the only chance to be rewarded (id=5473) | |
Gustav Ehrhart[ahl] | December 21, 1894 Ludwigshafen, German Empire |
December 11, 1971 Mainz, Germany |
1950 | Nominated with G.R.Lieske (id=5473) and G.Ramon by H.Ot.Fr.Schlossberger the only time (id=2709) | |
Wilbur Augustus Sawyer[ahm] | August 7, 1879 Appleton, Wisconsin, United States |
November 12, 1951 Berkeley, California, United States |
1950 | Nominated with M.Theiler by Antonio S. Navarro (id=6618) the only time (id=8122) | |
George Soulié de Morant[ahn] | December 2, 1878 Paris, France |
May 10, 1955 Neuilly-sur-Seine, France |
1950 | Nominated by E.Mériel (id=6191) the only time (id=8674) | |
Ludwik Hirszfeld[aho] | August 5, 1884 Warsaw, Russian Empire |
March 7, 1954 Wrocław, Poland |
1950 | Nominated by Ernst Witebsky the only time (id=4216) | |
Jancsó Miklós[ahp] | April 27, 1903 Kolozsvár, Austria-Hungary |
April 16, 1966 Szeged, Hungary |
1950 | (id=4541) | |
Vladimir Filatov[ahq] | February 27, 1875 Mikhailovka village, Russian Empire |
October 30, 1956 Odesa, Ukraine |
1950 | Nominated by Gh.Năstase the only time (id=2997) | |
Henricus Jacobus Marie (Hak) Weve[ahr] | April 19, 1888 Nijmegen, Netherlands |
January 3, 1962 Utrecht, Netherlands |
1950 | Nominated by J. P. Maurice Appelmans (1902 Gooik - 1993 Leuven) (id=466) the only time (id=10123) | |
Karl Friedrich Meyer[ahs] | May 19, 1884 Basel, Switzerland |
April 27, 1974 San Francisco, United States |
1950 | (id=6238) | |
Babkin, Boris Petrovitch[aht] |
January 17, 1877 Kursk, Russian Empire |
May 3, 1950 train from Atlantic City to Montreal, Canada |
1950 | Nominated by J.Kaulbersz the only time (id=595 id=593) | |
John Tileston Edsall | November 3, 1902 Philadelphia, United States |
June 12, 2002 Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States |
1950 | Nominated jointly[ahu] with E.J.Cohn by K.A.A.O.Felix the only time (id=2693) | |
Juan César Mussio-Fournier[ahv] | February 7, 1890 Montevideo, Uruguay |
January 1, 1961 |
1950 | Nominated by V.P.Fontana the only time (id=6539) | |
Ernst Peter Pick[ahw] | May 18, 1872 Jermer, Austria-Hungary |
January 15, 1960 New York, United States |
1950 | Nominated by L.Arzt the only time (id=7226) | |
Timofeev-Ressovsky, Nikolay Vladimirovich[ahx] |
September 20, 1900 Moscow, Russian Empire |
March 28, 1981 Obninsk, Russia |
1950 | Nominated with M.Hartmann by B.Rajewsky the only time (id=9279) | |
Max Hartmann[ahy] | June 7, 1876 Lauterecken, German Empire |
October 11, 1962 Buchenbühl, Germany |
1950, 1951, 1952, 1953 | (id=3921) | |
Barend Coenraad Petrus Jansen[ahz] | April 1, 1884 Zwolle, Netherlands |
October 18, 1962 Amsterdam, Netherlands |
1950 | Nominated with Edw.L.Rickes (id=7723) and E.L.Smith by Bruno Mendel (3.11.1897 Essen - 23.8.1959 Bussum) (id=6169) the only time (id=4553) | |
Edward Lawrence Rickes | August 31, 1912 New York, United States |
November 1982 Rahway, New Jersey, United States |
1950, 1951, 1953 | (id=7723) Nominated jointly[aia] mainly (id=8613) | |
Ernest Lester Smith | August 7, 1904 Teddington, United Kingdom |
November 6, 1992 Bradfield St George, England |
1950, 1951, 1952, 1953 | ||
Alfred Georges Bourguignon | August 6, 1876 Paris, France |
January 19, 1963 Paris, France |
1950, 1951 | Nominated jointly[aib] with L.Éd.Lapicque only (id=1236) | |
Robert Rössle[aic] | August 19, 1876 Augsburg, German Empire |
November 21, 1956 Berlin, Germany |
1950, 1951 | (id=8010) | |
Frank Norman Wilson[aid] | November 19, 1890 Livonia, Michigan, United States |
September 11, 1952 Stockbridge, Michigan, United States |
1950, 1952 | (id=10221) | |
Oskar Paul Wintersteiner[aie] | November 19, 1890 Bruck an der Mur, Austria-Hungary |
September 11, 1952 Graz, Austria |
1950, 1952 | (id=10257) | |
Charles Herbert Best[aif] | February 27, 1899 West Pembroke, Maine, United States |
March 31, 1978 Toronto, Canada |
1950, 1951, 1952, 1953 | (id=968) | |
1951 | |||||
Daniel Bovet[aig] | March 23, 1907 Fleurier, Switzerland |
April 8, 1992 Rome, Italy |
1951, 1953 | Won the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[aih] (id=1251) | |
Stanford Moore | September 4, 1913 Chicago, United States |
August 23, 1982 New York, United States |
1951[aii] | (id=6393) Shared the 1972 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[aij] with Chr.B.Anfinsen, Jr. (id=8764) | |
William Howard Stein | June 25, 1911 New York, United States |
February 2, 1980 New York City, United States | |||
Fritz Verzár[aik] | September 16, 1886 Budapest, Austria-Hungary |
March 13, 1979 Arlesheim, Switzerland |
1941,[292] 1951 | (id=9626) | |
Israel Davidsohn[ail] | April 20, 1895 Tarnopol, Austria-Hungary |
December 3, 1979 |
1951 | Nominated by Ellis Benjamin Freilich (1891-1971) (id=3199) the only time (id=2154) | |
Alfred Auguste Roger Vendrely[aim] | August 15, 1910 Champagney, Haute-Saône, France |
August 17, 1988 Paris, France |
1951 | (id=9587) Nominated jointly by Bożydar Szabuniewicz (1901-1986) (id=8949) the only time (id=6180) (id=7791) | |
Miriam Friedman Menkin | August 8, 1901 Riga, Russian Empire |
June 8, 1992 Boston, United States |
1951[ain] | ||
John Charles Rock | March 24, 1890 Marlborough, Massachusetts, United States |
December 4, 1984 Peterborough, New Hampshire, United States | |||
Axel Edvard Westman[aio] | December 29, 1894 Stockholm, Sweden |
May 29, 1960 Stockholm, Sweden |
1951 | Nominated with S.Abr.Waksman and J.J.Bittner by H.Martius the only time (id=10114) | |
Marius Nygaard Smith-Petersen[aip] | November 14, 1886 Grimstad, Norway |
June 16, 1953 Boston, United States |
1951 | Nominated by Sigmund Weil (20.4.1881 Stuttgart – 20.8.1961 Heidelberg) (id=10052) the only time (id=8622) | |
James Arthur Reyniers[aiq] | April 16, 1908 Mishawaka, Indiana, United States |
November 3, 1967 Tampa, Florida, United States |
1951 | Nominated with R.A.Granit by C.J.F.Heymans the only time (id=7685) | |
Karl Gustav Vilhelm Nylin | December 18, 1892 London, United Kingdom |
August 6, 1961 Stockholm, Sweden |
1951 | Nominated jointly[agh] with Cl.Crafoord by Niels Dungal (id=2598) the only time (id=6798) | |
Remmert Korteweg[air] | November 15, 1884 Wormerveer, Netherlands |
1961 |
1951 | Nominated with J.J.Bittner by N.O.J.Goormaghtigh the only time (id=4986) | |
Walter Henry Seegers[ais] | January 4, 1910 Fayette County, Iowa, United States |
April 19, 1996 |
1951 | Nominated by J.M.Dorsey the only time (id=8380) | |
Roland Metzler Klemme[ait] | May 17, 1896 Belleville, Illinois, United States |
November 21, 1957 Salinas, California, United States |
1951 | Nominated by Eugene Towner Senseney (St. Louis: 29.8.1880 - 10.2.1954) (id=8408) the only time (id=4899) | |
Arthur Felix[aiu] | April 3, 1887 Andrichau, Austria-Hungary |
January 17, 1956 England |
1951 | Nominated by Adrianus Pijper (11.3.1886 Kimswerd - 12.1.1964 Pretoria) (id=7246) the only time (id=2949) | |
Folke Henschen[aiv] | November 7, 1881 Uppsala, Sweden |
December 22, 1977 Stockholm, Sweden |
1951 | Nominated by Sherwood Moore (id=6392) the only time (id=4066) | |
Gustav (Gösta) Per Engelbert Häggqvist[aiw] | October 18, 1891 Parish of Rödön, Sweden |
March 28, 1972 Danderyd Parish, Sweden |
1951 | (id=4418) | |
Jacob Jongbloed[aix] | March 11, 1895 Joure, Netherlands |
July 21, 1974 Utrecht, Netherlands |
1951 | (id=4628) | |
Robert Berthold Janker[aiy] | March 12, 1894 Munich, German Empire |
October 22, 1964 Bonn, Germany |
1951 | (id=4545) | |
Bernard Naftali Halpern[aiz] | November 9, 1872 Tarnoruda, Austria-Hungary |
August 12, 1952 Paris, France |
1951 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=3822) | |
Richard Ernst Wilhelm Otto[aja] | November 2, 1904 Zimmerhausen, German Empire |
September 23, 1978 Frankfurt am Main, Germany |
1951 | Nominated by G.R.Blumenthal the only time (id=6920) | |
Peter Boysen Jensen[ajb] | January 18, 1883 Hjerting, Denmark |
November 21, 1959 Diakonissestiftelsen, Denmark |
1951 | Nominated by Carl Larsen Krebs (2.5.1892-12.6.1979) (=5041)[ajc] the only time (id=1263) | |
Cecil Reginald ("Bill") Burch[ajd] | May 12, 1901 Leeds or Oxford, United Kingdom |
July 19, 1983 |
1951 | Nominated by Hendrik Berkelbach van der Sprenkel (21.4.1890 Breda - 6.8.1969 Bilthoven) (id=924) the only time (id=1451) | |
Henry Edward Shortt[aje] | April 15, 1887 Dhariwal, India, British Empire |
November 9, 1987 United Kingdom |
1951 | Nominated by Alexander Kennedy (16.1.1909 London - 11.6.1960) (id=4792) the only time (id=8504) | |
Madge Thurlow Macklin[ajf] | February 6, 1893 Philadelphia, United States |
March 4, 1962 |
1951 | Nominated by her husband Charles Clifford Macklin (23.10.1883-23.11.1959) (id=5776 id=5775) the only time (id=5777) | |
Paul Buchner | April 12, 1886 Nürnberg, German Empire |
October 19, 1978 Ischia, Campania, Italy |
1951, 1952 | (id=5776) Nominated jointly[ajg] only (id=7235) (id=8888) | |
Umberto Pierantoni | September 25, 1876 Caserta, Kingdom of Italy |
July 31, 1952 Naples, Italy | |||
Karel Šulc | September 3, 1872 Dvůr Králové nad Labem, Austria-Hungary |
October 19, 1978 Brno, Czechia | |||
Richard Wagner[ajh] | October 23, 1893 Augsburg, German Empire |
December 19, 1970 Munich, Germany |
1951, 1952 | (id=9925) | |
Jörgen Erik Lehmann[aji] | January 15, 1898 Copenhagen, Denmark |
December 26, 1989 |
1951, 1952 | (id=5347) | |
Joachim Wilhelm Robert Feulgen[ajj] | September 2, 1884 Werden, Essen, German Empire |
October 24, 1955 Giessen, Germany |
1951, 1952 | (id=2976) | |
Frédéric Bremer[ajk] | June 28, 1892 Arlon, Belgium |
April 7, 1982 Brussels, Belgium |
1951, 1952, 1953 | (id=1321) | |
Karl Paul Gerhard Link[ajl] | January 31, 1901 LaPorte, Indiana, United States |
November 21, 1978 Madison, Wisconsin, United States |
1951, 1952 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=5523) | |
1952 | |||||
Johan Erik Jorpes | July 15, 1894 Kökar, Russian Empire |
July 10, 1973 Stockholm, Sweden |
1952 | Nominated with K.P.G.Link only (id=4642) | |
John Franklin Enders | February 10, 1897 West Hartford, Connecticut, United States |
September 8, 1985 Waterford, Connecticut, United States |
1952, 1953 | Shared the 1954 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Th.H.Weller and Fr.Ch.Robbins[ajm] (id=2791) | |
Ulf Svante von Euler | February 7, 1905 Stockholm, Sweden |
March 9, 1983 Stockholm, Sweden |
1952 | Shared the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with B.Katz and J.Axelrod[ajn] (id=9747) | |
Melvin Ellis Calvin | April 8, 1911 St. Paul, Minnesota, United States |
January 8, 1997 Berkeley, California, United States |
1952 | Won the 1961 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[ajo] (id=1550) | |
Andrew Alm Benson | September 24, 1917 Modesto, California, United States |
January 16, 2015 La Jolla, United States |
1952 | Nominated with M.Ell.Calvin only including for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=882) | |
James Lawder Gamble | July 18, 1883 Millersburg, Kentucky, United States |
May 28, 1959 |
1952 | Nominated by Öd.Kerpel-Fronius the only time (id=1380) | |
Robert Brinkman | June 27, 1894 Coevorden, Netherlands |
January 26, 1994 Velp, Gelderland, Netherlands |
1952 | Nominated by Leendert Daniel Eerland (25.2.1897 Rotterdam - 29.6.1977 Groningen) (id=2695) the only time (id=1348) | |
Albert Hustin | July 15, 1882 Virton, Belgium |
September 12, 1967 Brussels, Belgium |
1952 | Nominated by Maurice De Laet (1891-1964) (id=2251) the only time (id=4389) | |
Charles Oberling | July 31, 1895 Metz, France |
March 11, 1960 Neuilly-sur-Seine, France |
1952 | Nominated by M.Josserand the only time (id=6808) | |
Viktor Freiherr von Weizsäcker | April 21, 1886 Stuttgart, German Empire |
January 9, 1957 Heidelberg, Germany |
1952 | Nominated by Ramón A. Brandán (1890-1969) (id=1282) the only time (id=10070) | |
Owen Harding Wangensteen | September 21, 1898 Lake Park, Minnesota, United States |
January 13, 1981 Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States |
1952 | Nominated by M.B.Visscher the only time (id=9973) | |
Erich Frank | June 28, 1884 Berlin, German Empire |
February 13, 1957 Istanbul, Turkey |
1952 | Nominated by Ed.O.Melchior the only time (id=3174) | |
Arturo Rosenblueth Stearns | October 2, 1900 Ciudad Guerrero, Mexico |
September 20, 1970 Mexico City, Mexico |
1952 | Nominated by Ign.G.Guzmán the only time (id=7874) | |
Thomas Francis Dougherty | March 27, 1915 Forman, North Dakota, United States |
February 5, 1974 Salt Lake City, United States |
1952 | Nominated by Edwin Alonzo Lawrence (22.5.1910 Norwalk - 1956) (id=5288) the only time (id=7874) | |
Hans Karl Heinrich Adolf Lohmann | April 10, 1898 Bielefeld, German Empire |
April 22, 1978 Berlin, Germany |
1952 | (id=5587) | |
Hugo Wilhelm Knipping | July 9, 1895 Dortmund, German Empire |
December 25, 1984 Bonn, Germany |
1952 | Nominated by Fr.Külbs the only time (id=4919) | |
Karl Kleist | January 31, 1879 Mulhouse, Alsace, German Empire |
December 26, 1960 Frankfurt am Main, Germany |
1952 | Nominated with O.Vogt by Ant.C. de A.F.Egas Moniz the only time (id=4897) | |
Elizabeth Bugie Gregory | October 5, 1920 |
April 10, 2001 |
1952 | (id=1435) Nominated with S.Abr.Waksman and J.Er.Lehmann by J.Nedeljković (Јеврем Недељковић, 1888-1977) (id=6624) the only time (id=8143) | |
Albert Israel Schatz | February 2, 1920 Norwich, Connecticut, United States |
January 17, 2005 Philadelphia, United States | |||
David Nachmansohn | March 17, 1899 Yekaterinoslav, Russian Empire |
November 2, 1983 New York, United States |
1951 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=6584) | |
Toshiyuki Kurotsu | November 12, 1898 Kyoto Prefecture, Japan |
November 16, 1992 |
1952 | Nominated by N.Yoshii (id=10351) the only time (id=5098) | |
Paul Hoffmann | July 1, 1884 Dorpat, Estonia, Russian Empire |
March 9, 1962 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany |
1952, 1953 | (id=4252 id=4243) | |
Werner Theodor Otto Forßmann | August 29, 1904 Berlin, German Empire |
June 1, 1979 Schopfheim, Germany |
1952, 1953 | (id=3125) Shared the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with D.W.Richards Jr.[ajp] (id=2002) | |
1953 | |||||
André Frédéric Cournand | September 24, 1895 Paris, France |
February 19, 1988 Great Barrington, Massachusetts, United States |
1953 | ||
John Carew Eccles | January 27, 1903 Melbourne, Australia |
May 2, 1997 Tenero-Contra, Switzerland |
1953 | (id=2671) Shared the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with A.F.Huxley[ajq] (id=4233) | |
Alan Lloyd Hodgkin | February 5, 1914 Banbury, United Kingdom |
December 20, 1998 Cambridge, England | |||
Feodor Felix Konrad Lynen | April 6, 1911 Munich, German Empire |
August 6, 1979 Munich, Germany |
1953 | Shared the 1964 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with K.Em.Bloch[ajr] and nominated for Nobel Peace in Chemistry too (id=5722) | |
Konrad Zacharias Lorenz | November 7, 1903 Vienna, Austria-Hungary |
February 27, 1989 Vienna, Austria |
1953 | Shared the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with K.R. von Frisch and N. "Niko" Tinbergen[afz] (id=5638) | |
Linus Carl Pauling | February 28, 1901 Portland, Oregon, United States |
August 19, 1994 Big Sur, United States |
1953 | Won the 1954 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[ajs] and the 1962 Nobel Peace Prize[ajt] (id=7045) | |
Frederick Sanger | August 13, 1918 Rendcomb, United Kingdom |
November 19, 2013 Cambridge, England |
1953 | Won the 1958[aju] and shared the 1980 (with P.Berg and jointly[ajv] with W.Gilbert) Nobel Prizes in Chemistry (id=8092) | |
Paul Arnor Owren | August 27, 1905 Fåberg, Norway |
September 20, 1985 Oslo, Norway |
1953 | Nominated by Carl Boye Semb the only time (id=6931) | |
Leopold Schönbauer | November 13, 1888 Thaya, Austria-Hungary |
September 11, 1963 Vienna, Austria |
1953 | Nominated by Fritz Driak (14.2.1900-27.11.1959) (id=2540) the only time (id=8306) | |
Emil von Dungern | November 26, 1867 Thaya, Austria-Hungary |
September 4, 1961 Ludwigshafen am Bodensee, Germany |
1953 | (id=9733) Nominated jointly by Ludwik Hirszfeld the only time (id=3041) | |
Ronald Aylmer Fisher | February 17, 1890 London, United Kingdom |
July 29, 1962 Adelaide, Australia | |||
Étienne Wolff | February 12, 1904 Auxerre, France |
November 18, 1996 Paris, France |
1953 | Nominated by Etienne Legait (1.4.1911-28.5.2005) (id=5341) the only time (id=10288) | |
Adolf Jarisch jr. | February 23, 1891 Innsbruck, Austria-Hungary |
August 31, 1965 Innsbruck, Austria |
1953 | Nominated by Fr.Th. von Brücke the only time (id=4560) | |
Walther Frederick Goebel | December 24, 1899 Palo Alto, California, United States |
November 1, 1993 Essex, Connecticut, United States |
1953 | Nominated with Osw.Th.Avery Jr. and M.J. Heidelberger by Ar.L.Olitzki the only time (id=3499) | |
Richard Joseph Behan | June 1, 1879 Pittsburgh, United States |
1956 |
1953 | Nominated by J.L.Losas (id=5644) the only time (id=821) | |
Joseph Gillman | December 3, 1907 Pretoria, British Empire |
September 5, 1981 Nice, France |
1953 | (id=3454) Jointly nominated only (id=3455) | |
Theodore Gillman | c. 1917 Union of South Africa |
July 12, 1971 Durban, South Africa | |||
Henry Ernest Sigerist | April 7, 1891 Paris, France |
March 17, 1957 Pura, Switzerland |
1953 | Nominated by C.Enr.Paz Soldán y Paz Soldán the only time (id=8530) | |
Carl John Wiggers | May 28, 1883 Davenport, Iowa, United States |
April 28, 1963 Cleveland, United States |
1953 | Nominated by C.J.Fr.Heymans the only time (id=10178) | |
Zénon-Marcel Bacq | December 31, 1903 La Louvière, Belgium |
July 12, 1983 Fontenoy, Belgium |
1953 | Nominated by Henri Robert Antoine Fredericq (Liège: 11.6.1887-11.12.1980) (id=3190) the only time (id=612) | |
Friedrich Feyrter | June 2, 1895 Vienna, Austria-Hungary |
December 2, 1973 Bad Fischau-Brunn, Austria |
1953 | (id=2977) Nominated with T.Osk.Caspersson by Viktor Patzelt (8.7.1887 Prague – 17.9.1956) (id=7034) the only time (id=7274) | |
Alfred Pischinger | 1899 |
1982 | |||
David Rittenberg | November 11, 1906 New York, United States |
January 24, 1970 New York City, United States |
1953 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=7754) | |
William Thomas Astbury | February 25, 1898 Longton, United Kingdom |
June 4, 1961 Leeds, England |
1953 | Nominated by Alb.I.Szent-Györgyi the only time (id=544) | |
Léon Binet | October 11, 1891 Beauchery-Saint-Martin, France |
July 10, 1971 Paris, France |
1953 | Nominated by Spiro Livierato (15.4.1881 Cephalonia - 1962) (id=5542) the only time (id=1021) | |
Alessandro Vallebona | March 2, 1899 Genoa, Kingdom of Italy |
December 1, 1987 Genoa, Italy |
1953 | Nominated by Michele Mitolo (1903 Foggia - 1968 Bari) (id=6328) the only time (id=9504) | |
Alexander Haddow | January 18, 1907 Leven, Fife, United Kingdom |
January 21, 1976 Amersham, United Kingdom |
1953 | (id=3766) | |
Ludwig Heilmeyer | March 6, 1899 Munich, German Empire |
September 6, 1969 Desenzano del Garda, Italy |
1953 | Nominated by Vlassios Vlassopoulos (1899 Gryllos - 16.10.1959 Athens) (id=9680) the only time (id=4010) | |
Robert M. Debré | December 7, 1882 Sedan, France |
April 29, 1978 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France |
1953 | Nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize too (id=2323) | |
Robert Brainard Corey | August 19, 1897 Springfield, Massachusetts, United States |
April 23, 1971 |
1953 | Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry too (id=1951) | |
Dobzhansky, Theodosius Grigorievich |
January 25, 1900 Nemirov, Russian Empire |
December 18, 1975 Davis, California, United States |
1953 | (id=2457) Nominated jointly by Felix Mainx (21.5.1900 Prague – 1983 Vienna) (id=5821) the only time (id=5104) | |
Alfred Richard Wilhelm Kühn | April 22, 1885 Baden-Baden, German Empire |
November 22, 1968 Tübingen, Germany | |||
Katsunuma Seizō | August 28, 1886 Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan |
November 9, 1963 Nagoya, Japan |
1953 | Nominated by Naka Kikkawa (4.1888 Shizuoka - ?) (id=4833) the only time (id=4732) | |
John Davis Green | July 27, 1917 Guildford, United Kingdom |
December 10, 1964 Los Angeles, United States |
1953 | (id=2457) Nominated jointly with J.H.B."Hans" Selye by C.-Er.Em. Räihä the only time (id=5104) | |
Geoffrey Wingfield Harris | 1913 United Kingdom |
November 29, 1971 United Kingdom | |||
Edmond-Louis Grasset | September 29, 1895 Geneva, Switzerland |
October 30, 1957 Geneva, Switzerland |
1953 | Nominated by J.M.Watt the only time (id=3614) | |
Wilder Graves Penfield | January 26, 1891 Spokane, Washington, United States |
April 5, 1976 Montreal, Canada |
1953 | (id=7096) | |
Herbert Henri Jasper | July 27, 1906 La Grande, Oregon, United States |
March 11, 1999 |
1953 | Nominated with W.Gr.Penfield by Jorge Alejandro Voto Bernales Corpancho (22.10.1911 Lima - 19.9.2008) (id=930) the only time (id=4562) | |
António de Sousa Pereira | April 14, 1904 Bustelo, Portugal |
October 19, 1986 Nevogilde, Portugal |
1953 | Nominated by Antonio de Almeida Garrett (Porto: 22.9.1884 - 19.11.1961) (id=2178) the only time (id=7106) | |
Gilbert Dalldorf | March 12, 1900 Davenport, Iowa, United States |
December 21, 1979 |
1953 | Nominated with T.Osk.Caspersson by W.Keller the only time (id=2116) | |
Robert Russell Bensley | November 13, 1867 Hamilton, Ontario, Canada |
June 11, 1956 Chicago, United States |
1953 | Nominated by Normand Louis Hoerr (3.5.1902 Peoria - 14.2.1958 Cleveland) (id=4237) the only time (id=881) | |
Paul Valentin Alfred Delmas-Marsalet | August 4, 1898 Dax, Landes, France |
July 2, 1977 Léognan, France |
1953 | Nominated by Jean Michon (id=6267) the only time (id=2358) | |
1954 | |||||
1955 | |||||
1956 | |||||
1957 | |||||
1958 | |||||
1959 |
See also
[edit]- List of Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine
- List of nominees for the Nobel Prize in Physics
- List of female nominees for the Nobel Prize
- List of female nominators for the Nobel Prize
Motivations
[edit]- ^ "Discovery of serum therapy against diphtheria"
- ^ “for his work on serum therapy, especially its application against diphtheria, by which he has opened a new road in the domain of medical science and thereby placed in the hands of the physician a victorious weapon against illness and deaths”
- ^ "Discovery of the tetanus antitoxin. Kitasako also discovered the plague bacillus, independently of Yersin"
- ^ "His discovery of the development of the malaria parasite in the body of the mosquito, an observation of immense practical and scientific importance"
- ^ “for his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it”
- ^ "Treatment of Lupus vulgaris with concentrated light (phototherapy)"
- ^ “in recognition of his contribution to the treatment of diseases, especially lupus vulgaris, with concentrated light radiation, whereby he has opened a new avenue for medical science”
- ^ "Work on secretion and the physiology of the digestive glands"
- ^ “in recognition of his work on the physiology of digestion, through which knowledge on vital aspects of the subject has been transformed and enlarged”
- ^ "Work on malaria, and older work on anthrax, cholera and tuberculosis"
- ^ “for his investigations and discoveries in relation to tuberculosis”
- ^ "Studies of the cerebral cortex, and localization of function in the brain"
- ^ “in recognition of their work on the structure of the nervous system”
- ^ "Extensive work on the central nervous system; mixed (chrome/silver) method of staining nerve cells"
- ^ "Spinal bifida, post-operative Hydrocephalie"
- ^ "Discovery of the malaria parasite, and further work on the disease"
- ^ “in recognition of his work on the role played by protozoa in causing diseases”
- ^ "His enormous work in physiology and general pathology"
- ^ “in recognition of their work on immunity”
- ^ "Work on salvarsan"
- ^ "Work on immunity, especially his work on the toxins ricin and abrin; work on diphtheria; studies of blood cells"
- ^ "Anatomical studies of the fine structure of the nervous system ("Studien zur feineren Anatomy der Nervenzellen", Bonnet-Merkel´s Anatomische Hefte, Bd. 15, pp. 7-89, 1900)"
- ^ "Work on the composition and structure of the Batrach sperm ("Bidrag till Kännedomen om Batrachierne-Spermiernes Byggnad", E. Malmström, Lund, SE, 1900)"
- ^ "Surgical treatment of Lupus vulgaris by excision of lupus and extensive transplantation"
- ^ Second choice after N.R.Finsen
- ^ "Extensive studies of metabolism in children"
- ^ "Quantitative determination of pigmented components in blood, using a spectrophotometer (Über die gleichzeitige quantitative Bestimmung zweier Farbstoffe im Blute mit Hülfe des Spectrophotometers", Arch. f. Anat. u. Physiol.; Physiol. Abth p. 39, 1899)"
- ^ "Study of the pathological anatomy and histology of bubonic plague, and on the bacteriology of the plague bacillus, based on work carried out in Bombay, India from 1897-1900"
- ^ "Work on arteriosclerosis"
- ^ "Work on the effect of ultraviolet rays on the eye, and construction of protective lenses, "Schutzbrillen""
- ^ "Discovery of the bacteriocidal effect of the blood; effect of alkali substances on the immune system after injection into the bloodstream"
- ^ "Prophylactic treatment of rabies"
- ^ "Work in human anatomy, and publication of textbooks ("Handbuch der vergleichenden Anatomie der Wirbelthiere mit Berücksichtigung der Wirbellosen", 1898; "Das Kopfskelett der Selachier", 1877; and "Lehrbuch der Anatomie des Menschen")"
- ^ "His importance to modern medicine. Work on leukemia, and in pathology"
- ^ "Work on metabolism, and the practical use of this knowledge in planning diets for soldiers and prisoners ("Physiologie des allgem Stoffwechsels und der Ernährung", 1881, Vol. VI in Hermann´s "Handbuch d. Physiologie")"
- ^ "Work on diseases of the eye in lepers, as published in his work "Die Lepra des Auges""
- ^ "Work on treating tuberculosis in livestock"
- ^ "Work in embryology, especially on the neuroblast, and the structure of the protoplasm"
- ^ "A 60 year career in anatomy. Work on the fine structure of the nervous system"
- ^ "Physiology of the nervous system in relation to the function of the heart"
- ^ "Work on serum against plague ("La peste bubonique", Yersin, Calmette, Barrel, Annal de l´Institut Pasteur 1895, p. 589)"
- ^ "Antiseptic and aseptic wound treatment"
- ^ "For his work in general pathology and its effect on the development of clinical medicine"
- ^ "Work on the sensory organs, and the nervous system of lower vertebrates and crustaceans"
- ^ "his successful work Showing the role played by the Mosquito in connexion with the production of Malarial Fever by the transmission of the Malarial Fever parasite."
- ^ "The pathology of Herpes Zoster and its bearing on sensory localization ("Die Sensibilitätsstörung der Haut bei Visceralerkrankungen")"
- ^ "For his work in general on physiological morphology, and in particular his work on artificial parthenogenesis"
- ^ "For their work in elucidating the cause of malaria"
- ^ "Work on malaria"
- ^ "The physiology of the sympathetic nervous system: discovery of the nicotine method of studying cell connections of sympathetic fibers; connections and function of the nerves supplying the pelvic viscera; demonstration of "axon reflexes""
- ^ "Work on serum against diphtheria, as described in Annales de l´Institut Pasteur"
- ^ "Determination of the molecular concentration (by freeze-point studies) of bodily fluids (blood, urine), and work on the clinical applications of this knowledge"
- ^ "Work on physiological chemistry"
- ^ "in recognition of the contributions to our knowledge of cell chemistry made through his work on proteins, including the nucleic substances"
- ^ "Work on agglutination and hemolysis"
- ^ "for his discoveries relating to immunity"
- ^ "Work on the central nervous system, including peripheral distribution of the fibers of nerve roots, termination of sensory fibers in muscle, conditions of muscle tonus, distribution of nerve cells in the spinal cord and the course and origin of nerve tracts in the spinal cord and medulla oblongata"
- ^ a b “for their discoveries regarding the functions of neurons”
- ^ "Discovery of Zymase (fermentation can be induced by an enzyme, even in yeast cells which have been destroyed)"
- ^ "for his biochemical researches and his discovery of cell-free fermentation"
- ^ "Invention of an apparatus, using sodium bioxide, which allows a man to breathe for extended periods with a small amount of air"
- ^ "Discovery of a vaccine using non-bacterial components"
- ^ "Work on surgery of the kidney (J. Israel: "der Nieren-chirurgie", Berlin, 1901. U. Kroenlein: "Zwanzig Jahre Nierenchirurgie aus der Züricher Chirurgischen Klinik", Beiträgefür kliniche Chirurgie XXXII b. Laupp, Tübingen)"
- ^ "work on the physiology and pathological anatomy of the eye"
- ^ "studies of the effects of quinine on the malaria parasite"
- ^ "work on inoculation against malaria"
- ^ "Work in the field of physiology (electrotonus, reflexes, respiration), and especially his work on metabolism"
- ^ "Research on the structure and development of the lens ("über den Bau und die Entwickelung der Linse", Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Zoologie, Bd 63, 65, 67, 1898-1899); studies on the evolution of the extremities ("Gedanken und Studien über den Ursprung der Extremitäten", Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Zoologie, Bd 70, 1901), and on the mesoderm"
- ^ "Work on the morphology of organisms, and studies to further the theory of evolution. Classification based on the gastrulation process ("die Gastraeatheorie, die phylogenetische Classification des Thierreichs u. die Homologie der Keimblätter", Jen. Zeitschr. Bd. VIII, 1874; "Die Gastrula u. die Eifurchung der Thiere" Ebenda Bd. IX; "Nachträge zur Gasträatheorie". Ebenda Bd. XI)"
- ^ "Work on the etiology of diphtheria, streptococcus infections, hog cholera, red typhus and hoof and mouth disease"
- ^ "The founder of the modern pharmacology"
- ^ "Work on accommodation (of the eye)"
- ^ "Embryological studies as a means of following human and vertebrate development. Theories on cellular polarity, gastrulation, germination, biogenesis and "mechanics of development", and work on heredity"
- ^ "Work on osmosis in plant and animal cells, and on anesthesia"
- ^ "Work on physiological chemistry"
- ^ "Work on metabolism, especially recent work on metabolism in children"
- ^ "Method for diagnosis of typhus"
- ^ "Discovery of carbon dioxide assimilation in bacteria; disproved Virchow´s "Entität der kranken Zelle" and Pasteur/Koch´s "Entität der pathogenen Mikrobien"; introduced better hygienic methods against infectious disease"
- ^ "Founder of the field of serum diagnostics"
- ^ "Work on the relation between pancreas and glucosuria"
- ^ "Work on diabetes mellitus and the effects of extirpation of the pancreas"
- ^ "Discovery of specific agglutination of cells through blood serum"
- ^ "for their conjoint discovery of the agglutinating effect of `immunune´ sera upon the kinds of bacteria employed in producung the immunity"
- ^ "The first surgeon who adapted Pasteur´s teachings, and already in the 1860´s (before Lister) tried to create an aseptic surgical environment by disinfecting surfaces, washing hands, boiling instruments and using dry towels to wipe up blood"
- ^ "Work on psychology and psychiatry, especially studies of mental energy."
- ^ "Work on the regeneration of part of the eye ("Die Regeneration der Urodelenlinze", Archiv für Entwicklungsmechanik)"
- ^ "The contemporary scientist who has done most for combatting tuberculosis, and whose methods of treatment are used in today´s sanitoriums"
- ^ "for his own work to improve hygiene in maternity wards in his country and on sickness in infants"
- ^ "for six own works on osteoplastic surgery"
- ^ "for own work on the relationship between prophylaxis and therapy in treatment of disease"
- ^ "work on the nervous system"
- ^ "work on chemotaxis and inflammation"
- ^ "Development of graphic and chronophotographic methods to study, for example, respiration, pulse rate, motion of human cells and muscle reactions"
- ^ "Work on yellow fever in Cuba, leading to proof of the role played by mosquitos in transmission of the disease"
- ^ "Discovery of preventive inoculation of livestock against peripneumonia"
- ^ "Work on the conveyance of Yellow Fever"
- ^ "The discovery of the leprosy bacillus, and methods of prevention"
- ^ "Studies of the physiology of the cell"
- ^ "Work in experimental pathology, physiology (electrophysiology and mechanics of the circulatory system) and metabolism"
- ^ "Work on yellow fever and the role of mosquitos in the transmission of the disease"
- ^ "Work on the pathobacteriology of the nervous system. Two books are mentioned as a summary of Homéns work (1. "Die Wirkung einiger Bakterien und ihrer Toxine auf verschisdens Organe des Körpers, mit 13 Tafeln", Acta Sociatatis Scientiarum Fennicae, Tom.XXX.1902. 2. "Die Wirkung der Streptokokken und ihrer Toxine auf verschisdens Organe des Körpers, mit 10 Tafeln", Beiträge zur pathol-Anatomie und zur allg. Pathologie, Bd. XXV H.l. 1899)"
- ^ "For their work on serum therapy"
- ^ "in recognition of his work on anaphylaxis"
- ^ "as an executive member of both the Permanent International Peace Bureau and the Inter-Parliamentary Union"
- ^ "For their work on serum therapy"
- ^ "Microscopic and other studies of the central nervous system as described in his major work published 1897 ("Das leitande Element des Nervensystems und seine topographischen Beziehungen zu den Zellen") and updated 1898, 1900, 1901, 1902 and 1903"
- ^ "Author of many scientific books and papers on surgery; a distinguished anatomist and eminent scientist"
- ^ "Introduction of aseptic methods, and for his book on surgery "über Chirurgie bei Gehirnkrankheiter""
- ^ "Discovery that the human body emits "Blondlot" radiation" ("...pour ses researches sur l´emission de rayons Blondlet pur l´organism humain")
- ^ "Work on the thyroid and adrenal glands"
- ^ "protein structure in plants"
- ^ "essay on the negative effects of eunichism in the Orient"
- ^ "Roux is one of Europe´s greatest surgeons, the inventor of new surgical methods, especially in the gastro-intestinal tract, a skilful diagnostician, successful surgeon and eminent teacher"
- ^ "Innovative new research on the brain"
- ^ ""Manual of Diseases of the Nervous System", 3:rd ed, 1899, and "Manual and Atlas of Medical Ophthalmology", 3:rd ed, 1892.
Work on Leucocythaemia and Hodgkin´s Diesease" - ^ "investigated the life cycle of the malaria parasites and developed prophylactics"
- ^ "Work in the fields of obstetrics and gynecology"
- ^ "Work on Nagana, sleeping-sickness and Malta Fever"
- ^ "Work on reposition of congenital hip-joint luxation"
- ^ "his discovery of the local anesthetic power of cocaine, and his generous presentation of it to the profession without pecuniary return"
- ^ "Work on the perfection of the microscope and work on social hygiene"
- ^ "Work on the electrical conditions in animal organs"
- ^ "for researches on ophthalmology"
- ^ "Work on the regulation of fluids in the living organism"
- ^ "The creator of a new scientific branch, criminal anthropology, which is medical in its methods, principles and histological foundations but social and judicial in its practice"
- ^ "Work on glands with endocrine secretion; thyroid and parathyroid glands, the hypophysis and adrenal glands"
- ^ "The radical treatment of hernia"
- ^ "Further work on yellow fever, especially the discovery that a considerable interval must elapse between the first case of yellow fever and the subsequent outbreak or epidemic of the disease"
- ^ "Work on the transmission of yellow fever"
- ^ "Work on crystallization of proteins and swelling of colloids"
- ^ "Investigations which have led to the discovery of a new physical agent, electrical oscillations at high frequency, which have a special effect on the organism and therefore can be used in therapy"
- ^ "Original work in discovering the relation of the Trypanosome to sleeping sickness"
- ^ "The work done is in the physical field but among the latest discoveries, Röntgen´s has been of greatest use in medicine"
- ^ “in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him”
- ^ "has through pioneer surgery of the brain led the way to the cure of chronical congenital mental illness"
- ^ "Work on yellow fever"
- ^ "Investigations on dietics and metabolism"
- ^ "Work on the use of X-rays in the treatment of certain diseases"
- ^ "The discovery of the existence in lower vertebrates of an independent nervous system which arises and is functional during earlier embryonic stages, the discovery of the true nature of the thymus gland, demonstration of the direct morphological continuity of the germ cells of vertebrate animals"
- ^ "Work on internal medicine, introduction of nutritional therapy, work on the introduction and development of consumption sanatoria, and cancer research"
- ^ "Observations on the parasites of malaria and the discovery of the spirillum of syphilis"
- ^ "Work on the treatment of rabies with radium"
- ^ "Researches on the biology of the sea"
- ^ "Work on lepra (1879-1904), gonorrhea (1879-1904), syphilis (1881-1906), experimental syphilis (1904-1906) and on prostitution and the prevention of venereal diseases (1889-1905), and work on dermathology (1891-1904)"
- ^ "Discoveries as to the coagulability of the blood"
- ^ "The book "Die hyperämie als heilmittel, published 1903"
- ^ "Work on the pathology of the thyroid gland"
- ^ “for his work on the physiology, pathology and surgery of the thyroid gland”
- ^ "Highly eminent and intelligent researcher"
- ^ "Study of the occurrence and cause of caries"
- ^ "Founder of the zoological station in Naples, and for the research conducted there"
- ^ "Biological importance of crystals (eg uric acid), and work on tuberculosis and phthisis"
- ^ "for work on chloroform; for his fundamental researches on animal and plant electricity and the application of electrical methods to study the physiology of the heart and the diagnosis of heart lesions"
- ^ "First to implement the method of immunity by injection of dead cultures, in vaccines against cholera and plague"
- ^ "Work on the chemistry of respiration"
- ^ "Work on proteins and enzymes"
- ^ "Physiological and anatomical studies of the organs of sight and hearing, as well as the heart and blood circulation"
- ^ "Development of psychological-medical methods of study"
- ^ "Representative award for the importance of research on the treatment of cancer"
- ^ "Observation of transmutation and work on heredity"
- ^ "Work on blood coagulation, the secretion and activation of pancreatic juice"
- ^ "Preventative vaccination against tuberculosis; sera against snake venom; work on bubonic plague"
- ^ "Work on the etiology of syphilis"
- ^ "Work on Kala-azar, methods of inoculation against Rinderpest (cattle plague), first experimental proof of the transmission of Surra by the bites of horse flies and investigation of snake venoms"
- ^ "Work on protein chemistry"
- ^ “in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by his work on sugar and purine syntheses”
- ^ "Extensive work in physiology, especially studies of blood circulation, the bladder, temperature regulation of the brain, use of the plethysmograph and ergograph, and physiology of residents of the Alps"
- ^ "Studies of the heart of warm-blooded animals, and methods for prolonging life of the heart after removal from the body"
- ^ "for his method of corneal transplant, and other advances in eye surgery"
- ^ "Studies of the effects of injection of rabies virus into the circulatory system. Rabies is possibly transmitted through ingestion of contaminated material"
- ^ "own work on tuberculosis and his efforts to improve sanitary and hygiene conditions in Europe"
- ^ "Investigations on the functions of the central nervous system and their practical use in the surgery of the central nervous system"
- ^ "for introduction of medicaments in the veins"
- ^ "Work on physiological optics"
- ^ "Work on diseases of the blood, and the discovery of the bone marrow´s function in the formation of blood"
- ^ "Introduction of local anaesthesia in practice"
- ^ "Work on the mechanics of development"
- ^ "Work on transplantations and the discovery of surgical myxoedema"
- ^ "Contributions to the biochemistry of bacteria; production of immunity by filtered bacterial cultures (hog cholera); work on Texas fever"
- ^ "Work on optical imaging"
- ^ “for his work on the dioptrics of the eye”
- ^ "Research on the localization of cerebral faculties"
- ^ "Early development of the human race ("... Arbeiten über die vorgeschichtlichen Menschenrassen; dieser durch die in mehrehen Schriften verfochtene Theorie der Abstammung des Menschen von kleinen Menschenrassen." Tartu, Estonia)"
- ^ "Work on the fertilization process and embryology"
- ^ "Work on the chemistry of fertilization"
- ^ "Work on cytology"
- ^ "Has done more for the advancement of surgery and medical teaching than any man in America"
- ^ "Work on tuberculosis and tuberculous rheumatism"
- ^ "for contributions to the anatomical, medical and surgical sciences"
- ^ "Work on the functions of the brain"
- ^ "The demonstration that yellow fever and malaria could be banished from the Isthmus of Panama"
- ^ "Work on lumbar puncture"
- ^ "Work on the transmission of tuberculosis"
- ^ "Kraepelin has reformed the areas of scientific and practical psychiatry"
- ^ "Work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus and cerebellum"
- ^ “for his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus”
- ^ "Work on the blood circulation organs"
- ^ "Work on immunity, the principles of sera diagnostics"
- ^ "Investigations on the anatomy and physiology of the cell"
- ^ "Work on embryology"
- ^ "Work on the brain´s history of development"
- ^ "The discovery of the typhus bacilli"
- ^ "Study of Jacksonian epilepsy and the lesions in diseases of the brain"
- ^ "work on therapeutic surgery and amputations"
- ^ "Work on the anatomy and importance of area centralis in human, and on the structure and importance of brain localization"
- ^ "Method for uterine extirpation"
- ^ "Work on electro diagnostics and neuro pathology"
- ^ "Work on electrical currents in muscles and nerves"
- ^ "Investigations on diabetes"
- ^ "Work on metabolic diseases"
- ^ "Extensive work in the field of physiology; work on the physiology of blood, circulation and respiration, heat regulation and so on"
- ^ "Histological work, especially on bones"
- ^ "Serum reaction in syphilis"
- ^ "Investigations on icterus and diabetes; work on neurology"
- ^ "Serum treatment of cerebrospinal meningitis"
- ^ "Research on immunity"
- ^ "Work on the string galvanometer"
- ^ “for his discovery of the mechanism of the electrocardiogram”
- ^ "Work on tuberculosis and vaccination against anthrax"
- ^ "Work on the anatomy of the nervous system"
- ^ "The synthesis of uric acid"
- ^ "Work on nutrition"
- ^ "Work on the human retina and on nerve endings in different organs"
- ^ "Work on the physiology, pathology and surgery of the urinary tracts"
- ^ "for work on endocrine secretion and cardiovascular innervation"
- ^ "Work on artificial parthenogenesis"
- ^ "Work on the registration of blood flow, the action of the suprarenal gland, and the muscle electricity"
- ^ "Work on cholera and tuberculosis"
- ^ "Work on the continuation of life in isolated tissues"
- ^ “in recognition of his work on vascular suture and the transplantation of blood vessels and organs”
- ^ "Work on immunochemistry"
- ^ “in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered to the advancement of chemistry by his electrolytic theory of dissociation”
- ^ "Discovery of the antibacterial effect of formaldehyde"
- ^ "All the work Ranvier has done"
- ^ "Work as a clinical teacher of surgery and discovery, practical application and wide diffusion of clinical methods"
- ^ "Contributions to the abdominal surgery"
- ^ "Work on the pathology and treatment of anchylostomiasis"
- ^ "for his work on arterial hypertension"
- ^ "for studies on the mode of action of serums, discovery of bacteriotropins and the reintroduction of the treatment from 1896 of tuberculosis"
- ^ "for the "discovery of preventative of heart failure""
- ^ "Work on chemotherapy"
- ^ "Work on artificial pneumothorax"
- ^ "Work on the normal and pathological anatomy of the brain"
- ^ "Life-long studies on parasitology and discovery of the route of entry of Ankylostoma duodenale into the human body"
- ^ "Work on anchylostomiasis"
- ^ "Work on the anatomy and pathology of the nervous system"
- ^ "Work on the physiology of the organs of endocrine secretion, and in particular the supra-renal capsules and the pituitary gland"
- ^ "Work on narcosis"
- ^ "No motivation"
- ^ "Discovery and perfection of the operation for the total enucleation of the prostate gland"
- ^ "All the work Ellenberger has done"
- ^ "Founder of radiotherapy"
- ^ "Work on the nutrition of the embryo"
- ^ "Work on sporotrichosis"
- ^ "Work on infantile paralysis, eye deviation in hemiplegia, chorda tympani, antagonism between certain poisons, mercury poisoning, the effect of medicines on bile secretion, fibrillary twitches in electrified heart"
- ^ "Work on hemoglobin"
- ^ "Work on chlorophyll and hemoglobin"
- ^ "Work on endocrine secretion"
- ^ "Work on the organ of sight"
- ^ "Work on the physiology of the heart"
- ^ "The discovery of a new trypanosome disease (thyroidite parasitaire)"
- ^ "Work on secretin and prosecretin"
- ^ "Work on chemical regulations and endocrine secretion"
- ^ "Work on syphilis"
- ^ "Work on degradation and formation processes of proteins in vivo and in vitro, and fermentive processes"
- ^ "Method for vaccination against typhoid fever"
- ^ "Work on a method to cultivate tissues in vitro"
- ^ "Work on Beri-Beri"
- ^ “for his discovery of the antineuritic vitamin”
- ^ "Work on the surgical treatment of cortical epilepsy, urinary bladder operation, echinococcus and mediastinal operation, anastomosis vaso testiculariis, osteoplastic foot exarticulation, and the foundation of a scientific school in Russia"
- ^ "Work on experimental phonetics; and the phonetics of various languages"
- ^ "Investigations in haemolysis, pernicious and septic anaemias and oral sepsis"
- ^ "Work on the anaesthesia caused by magnesium salts and work on insufflation"
- ^ "Work on essential substances in rice and their importance in beri-beri"
- ^ "Research on the differentiation and specificity of corresponding proteins and an analoguos relation to the starches"
- ^ "Work on treatment of uterine myoma with X-rays, radium treatment of non surgical uterine cancer"
- ^ "Work on the nervous system and a method to investigate the same"
- ^ "Work as a teacher and work on clinical investigation methods"
- ^ "Work on vitamins"
- ^ "Work on the tuberculin reaction and allergies"
- ^ "Work on neurology"
- ^ "Work on the serology of and vaccination against tuberculosis"
- ^ "Work on the pressure difference procedure and its practical significance"
- ^ "Work on Uncinaria Americana"
- ^ "The work "Das Cerebellum der Säugethiere""
- ^ "Work on the prevention of Typhiod Fever by inoculation with killed cultures of typhoid bacilli"
- ^ "His work has opened a new era in mental medicine"
- ^ "Work on the chemistry of the egg white, and the use of physical chemical methods in biology"
- ^ "Work in several different subjects; fixation of substances in tissues, work on immunity, pancreas diabetes, the cardiac activity"
- ^ "Development of mechanical gymnastics as a method of rehabilitation (Swedish gymnastics)"
- ^ "Work in gynecology; a textbook on obstetrics; treatment of asphyxia in infants"
- ^ "Studies of the development of the human eye, and especially malformations of the eye. His work: Bach und Seefelder "Atlas zur Entwickelungsgeschichte des menschlichen Auges, 1911-13"."
- ^ "Studies on the etiology of dysentery. Proved that dysentery is caused by intestinal amoebae"
- ^ "Use of urea as a bacteriocide, and its application in the treatment of wounds (Lancet, December 4, 1915, p. 1237; Lancet, December 25, 1915, p. 1428)"
- ^ "Pharmacodynamics ("Pharmacodynamie", Paris 1913)"
- ^ "for work on the physiology and therapy of congenital deformation of the hip"
- ^ "for blood research, especially diagnosis of cholera, typhus and other diseases through specific precipitation; work in combatting epidemics during war"
- ^ "Work on plasmogen"
- ^ "Work on histology"
- ^ "The introduction of physical-chemical methods in physiology, and work on phagocytosis and the permeability of the kidneys"
- ^ "Showed that pellegra is completely preventable by means of a proper diet. Research on measles and typhus fever"
- ^ "Work on organic arsenic compounds and their therapeutic effect on tuberculosis, malaria and syphilis"
- ^ "Work on chromosomes"
- ^ "Work on experimental phonetics"
- ^ "Work on polyspermal fertilization"
- ^ "Work in State Medicine"
- ^ "The recognition of the source of many chronic diseases in more or less remote foci of infection"
- ^ "Internal medicine issues from the biological view of pathophysiology"
- ^ "Work on sensory physiology in particular"
- ^ "Surgical and organizational work"
- ^ "Work on the parathyroid gland"
- ^ "Work on the pituitary gland"
- ^ "Work on micro-analysis"
- ^ “for his invention of the method of micro-analysis of organic substances”
- ^ "Work on the history of ophthalmiatrics"
- ^ "Work on the histogenesis of the placenta, the histogenesis of connective tissue during inflammation and work on the development of the blood elements"
- ^ "Work in the field of pediatrics"
- ^ "for his own work on transplantation of transparent cornea"
- ^ "for his own work on microbes"
- ^ "Numerous works on the supply of oxygen in the organism"
- ^ “for his discovery of the capillary motor regulating mechanism”
- ^ "Work on typhus recurrence, leishmaniasis, infantile splenomegaly, toxoplasma and the filterable virus of influenza"
- ^ “for his work on typhus”
- ^ "Work on ants, the anatomy of the nervous system, hypnotism and suggestion and contributions to the alcohol issue"
- ^ "Work on diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders; his textbook on the subject"
- ^ "The discovery of the antiseptic properties of formaldehyde and its derivatives, work on the role of acetic aldehyde in the changes of nutrition, and the effect of meteorological factors on bacteria suspended in the air"
- ^ "The discovery of the spirochaete of hemorrhagic icterus"
- ^ "for work on the Japanese spirochaete ictero-haemorrhage"
- ^ "Work on metabolism"
- ^ " for the foundation of modern orthopaedic surgery"
- ^ "Work on Paracelsus and medicine in the middle age"
- ^ "Work on physiology, construction of the respirator and studies on nutrition"
- ^ "Work on the role of potassium in the organism"
- ^ "Work in the field of brain pathology, especially the localization of the vision centra"
- ^ "Work on the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin and on the role played by different organs in metabolism"
- ^ "Work on the chemistry and therapy of cancer, the biological effect of light, the differentiation of carbohydrates and on fermentation"
- ^ "Work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus and cerebellum"
- ^ “for his discovery of the Spiroptera carcinoma”
- ^ "Investigations on the physiology of development (experimental embryology), on the physiology of regeneration and in genetics"
- ^ “for his discoveries concerning the role played by the chromosome in heredity”
- ^ "Work on vaccination against typhus fever"
- ^ "Improvements of the human blood transfusion method"
- ^ "Work on surgery"
- ^ "Work on nerve histology"
- ^ "The introduction of iodine tincture for disinfection of the area for operation"
- ^ "Work upon lobar pneumonia"
- ^ "for his work on war surgery"
- ^ "for his work on endocrine secretion"
- ^ "work on typhus"
- ^ "for work on radiotherapy"
- ^ "for work on poliomyelitis"
- ^ "The introduction of bronchoscopy and "schwebelaryngoskopie""
- ^ "Investigations in the field of experimental genetics"
- ^ "Work on the frontal and parietal lobes"
- ^ "Work on the infiltrational anaesthesia"
- ^ "Work on treatment with sunlight"
- ^ "Work on treatment with sunlight"
- ^ "Work on vaccination against typhus fever"
- ^ "Work on the physiology of respiration"
- ^ "Researches into the etiology of endemic goitre and other diseases of the thyroid gland; and researches relating to vitamins and nutritional physiology and pathology"
- ^ "Work on the finer structure of the cerebral cortex"
- ^ "Fundamental research on agglutination, hemolysis, syphilis, poliomyelitis and the chemistry of antibody production and antibody action"
- ^ “for his discovery of human blood groups”
- ^ "Numeral works in the area of ophthalmiatrics"
- ^ "The introduction of a new method for the treatment of acute purulent arthritis"
- ^ "Research in bacterio-chemistry and the discovery of the fundamental law underlying bacterial metabolism"
- ^ "Work on acromegalia and on numerous nervous diseases"
- ^ "Work on the physiology and pathology of the brain"
- ^ "Work on endocrine secretion, especially the functions of the thyroid and parathyroid glands"
- ^ "Work on poisons and blood coagulation"
- ^ "Work on the functions of the reproductive glands"
- ^ "Work on the fluoroscopic study of the motor activities of the alimentary tract, surgical shock and on internal secretion"
- ^ "The purification of thyroxine and description of its structure"
- ^ a b "for their discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects"
- ^ "Work on skin diseases"
- ^ "Work on arsenic mold"
- ^ "Colloid chemical work, especially elastic ultrafiltra and work on lipoids"
- ^ "Work on splenomegalia (Morbus Banti, splenomegalia haemolytica)"
- ^ "Work on the nervous system and in the area of the mechanics of the intestines"
- ^ "Work on the virus of poliomyelitis, influenza and sleeping-sickness"
- ^ "Work on the architectonics of the cerebral cortex, cortex localization and on the function of corpus striatum"
- ^ "Work on production of heat in the muscle contraction"
- ^ “for his discovery relating to the production of heat in the muscle”
- ^ “for his discovery of the fixed relationship between the consumption of oxygen and the metabolism of lactic acid in the muscle”
- ^ "Work on energy turnover in the muscle"
- ^ "Investigations on metabolism and especially the discovery of insulin"
- ^ “for the discovery of insulin”
- ^ "The discovery of insulin"
- ^ "Work on the nutritional importance of certain amino acids and accessory food substances (vitamins) and on the respiratory processes in muscle"
- ^ “for his discovery of the growth-stimulating vitamins”
- ^ "Work on the general energetics of life phenomena"
- ^ “for his discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme”
- ^ "Work on the science of prosthesis"
- ^ "Work on the history of epidemics"
- ^ "The introduction of deep X-ray therapy"
- ^ "Work on cancer"
- ^ "work and research on the radiotherapy of cancer and sarcoma"
- ^ "for chemotherapy of carcinomas of the mammary glands and uterus"
- ^ "Investigations on the neural conduction paths in the brain and spinal cord"
- ^ "Work on immunity and chemotherapy"
- ^ "Work on the pathological physiology of the liver"
- ^ "Work on serum diagnosis in syphilis, protein differentiation and anaphylaxis"
- ^ "Work on the physiology of the vestibular apparatus"
- ^ "Discovery of the laws of antibody reactions"
- ^ "The introduction of a physical chemical view in medicine"
- ^ "Work on the chemical course of events in muscle at rest and in action"
- ^ "Vaccination against typhus and cholera"
- ^ "The works "Theoretische Biologie" and "Umwelt und Innenwelt der Tiere", and work on tonus and reflexes"
- ^ "Work on physical chemical conceptions in physiology"
- ^ "Work on the physiology of embryonic development"
- ^ "for his discovery of the organizer effect in embryonic development"
- ^ "Work on the pathological anatomy, symptomatology, prophylaxis and treatment of pellagra"
- ^ "The foundation of clinical constitutional research"
- ^ "Work on the anatomy, physiology and surgery of the neck and chest sympathicus"
- ^ "Work on specific characteristics in the metabolism of cancer patients"
- ^ "Research on sex gland tissue"
- ^ "Work on the structure of the nerve cell"
- ^ "Work on the control of tropical sleeping-sickness"
- ^ "Contribution to the theory of, and microscopical examination methods; Work on new dyeing methods and above all work on synthesiology"
- ^ "Work on the prevention of simple goitre upon a large scale"
- ^ "Work on urine and blood analysis"
- ^ "The discovery of the bacteriophage"
- ^ "Work on fibrillation and flutter of the auricles"
- ^ "The work "On the Relations Between Fertility and Nutrition""
- ^ "Work on electrolytic balance in the blood"
- ^ "Work on the physiology of embryonic development"
- ^ “for his discovery of the therapeutic value of malaria inoculation in the treatment of dementia paralytica”
- ^ "Discovery of the use of carbon tetrachloride to remove hook worms"
- ^ "Experimental investigations upon the double function of voluntary muscle and their nervous control"
- ^ "Work on placental and ovarian hormones, characterization of lipoids and on the structure of albumins"
- ^ "Effects of poisons on fermentation; ion concentrations in biological systems"
- ^ "Isolation from human breast cancers of a micrococcus, proposed as being the cause of cancer"
- ^ "Work on blood"
- ^ "Work on the anatomy of the nervous system"
- ^ "Visualization of the hoof and mouth disease virus, with the aid of ultraviolet light"
- ^ "Discovery of sanocrysin, a gold compound for the treatment of tuberculosis"
- ^ "Method of direct injection of oxygen into the circulatory system; anesthesia; work on incontinentia urinae"
- ^ "for modern methods in comparative and experimental human anatomy, as in his book "Human Anatomy" ("Anatomie des Menschen")"
- ^ " for work on the metabolism of fatty acids, and studies of the effects of respiration on these substances"
- ^ "Surgical treatment of glaucoma"
- ^ "Distribution of lipoids in the human adrenal cortex"
- ^ "Work on the acid base balance of the blood"
- ^ "Discovery of the scarlet fever virus. Development of a skin test for determining the susceptibility of individuals to scarlet fever."
- ^ "Work on the etiology, prevention and cure of scarlet fever"
- ^ "Work on epithelial tumors"
- ^ "Work on serum disease, and on the prevention of diphtheria"
- ^ "Work on blood coagulation"
- ^ "Studies of the endocrine glands, and isolation of epinephrine"
- ^ "Studies of hypovitaminosis, especially in the work "Das Wesen der Avitaminose""
- ^ "Role of the sarcoplasm in muscle contraction. Osmotic pressure regulation by marine animals"
- ^ "Work on the etiology, prevention and cure of scarlet fever"
- ^ "Work on chronaxy"
- ^ "Showed that malignant tumors could be caused by a filterable agent"
- ^ “for his discovery of tumour-inducing viruses”
- ^ "Treatment of battle injuries and fractures"
- ^ "Work on cancer"
- ^ "Work on acetylene anesthesia"
- ^ "Foundation of the field of vitamin research, especially through the introduction of the term "partial hunger""
- ^ "Use of ethylene as an anesthetic"
- ^ "Work on encephalitis lethargica"
- ^ "Work on endocrine secretion of the pancreas and on blood transfusion"
- ^ "Operative treatment of spinal and neurological conditions to reduce suffering"
- ^ "Work on adrenelin, ergotamine and histamine. Studies of the capillary system"
- ^ “for their discoveries relating to chemical transmission of nerve impulses”
- ^ "Discovery of an hormonal system controlling action of the heart"
- ^ "Discovery and preparation of Germanin (Bayer 205), an antitrypanosomal agent, and plasmoquinine, for treatment of malaria"
- ^ "Use of Germanin against tropical sleeping sickness, and use of yatren against amebic dysentery"
- ^ "Work in the field of anaphylaxis and anaphylatoxin, and research on cellular respiration as applied to bacteria"
- ^ "Hormonal control of the heart muscle, especially in his work "Das Hormon der Herzbewegung" (Verlag Urban u. Schwarzenberg, Vienna 1927)"
- ^ "Endocrine function of the islets of Langerhans"
- ^ "Identification of the islets of Langerhans, and their subsequent importance in carbohydrate metabolism and the discovery of insulin"
- ^ "Work on the etiology and pathogenesis of malaria"
- ^ "Work on "Protoplasmic transmission""
- ^ "Work on cancer"
- ^ "Localization of the production of male sex hormone to the interstitial gland of the testes, and of an ovarian hormone to the corpus luteum"
- ^ "Discovery of the histo-physiology of the ovary"
- ^ "Work on the physiology and pathology of the sympathetic nervous system"
- ^ "Work on the pathogenesis, classification and therapy of kidney diseases"
- ^ "Work on encephalography on arteries and veins; studies of bloodflow through the carotis artery"
- ^ “for his discovery of the therapeutic value of leucotomy in certain psychoses”
- ^ "Studies of the metabolic processes in the cell"
- ^ “for his investigations of the constitution of the bile acids and related substances”
- ^ "Work on the chemical nature of the antirachitic vitamin"
- ^ “for the services rendered through his research into the constitution of the sterols and their connection with the vitamins”
- ^ "General theory of inflammation ("induktiv aufgebaute Entzündungstheorie")"
- ^ "Developed a vaccine against tuberculosis (BCG), now in general use"
- ^ "Epidemiology of plague and cholera"
- ^ "Work on actinomycosis, encephalitis and on anaerobiosis in bacteria"
- ^ "Determination of the minimal (diastolic) blood pressure, anticoagulatory effect of the liver, role of calcium in heart function, extirpation of the stomach and studies of stomach surgery, and studies of heart function"
- ^ "Research concerning color vision and the mechanism of accommodation"
- ^ "Use of ethylene as an anesthetic"
- ^ "Work on the dietary requirements of children, especially infants. Realization that improper diet in itself may cause disease"
- ^ "for work on the treatment of tuberculosis"
- ^ " for the development of the operation of endoaneurysmorrhaphy"
- ^ "for the treatment of eclampsia by conservative lines"
- ^ "Work on the relationship between muscular fatigue and changes in the rate of heart beat and respiration; direct measurement of cerebral fatigue"
- ^ "Work on UV-radiation and the anti rickets effect of certain substances"
- ^ "Work on the biological effects of radiation, especially in the treatment of cancer"
- ^ "Work on registration methods, acoustics (especially wave theory) and the function theory of the auditory ossicles"
- ^ "Investigations in the field of nerve-muscle physiology; established a new theory of decrementless conduction of nerve impulses"
- ^ "Work on protein therapy ("la Troisième Immunité") and polyvalent vaccination"
- ^ "Studies of the symptoms and mechanism of acapnia; use of carbon dioxide to irritate the breathing centra"
- ^ "Relationship between exocrine and endocrine secretion in the pancreas"
- ^ "Discovery of a vaccine against tuberculosis (BCG) with Guérin; sera against snake venom"
- ^ "Work on oxidative processes in tissue, and in general in intact organisms"
- ^ "Invention of the method of cholecystography and for their contribution to the surgery and pathology of the biliary apparatus"
- ^ "Discovery of visualization of the gallbladder"
- ^ "The discovery that by the administration of a dye (phenoltetraiodophthalein) preferably intravenously, the Gall Bladder may be visualized when X-ray photography is used"
- ^ "The preparation of the active hormone of the parathyroid gland and demonstration of its mode of action and uses"
- ^ "Outstanding discoveries in immunology and especially for his brilliant studies on precipitins"
- ^ "Many fundamental contributions to the science of gastro-enterology"
- ^ "The synthesis of thyroxine"
- ^ "The synthesis of thyroxin and proof of its chemical structure"
- ^ "Discovered that eating liver will remove the clinical manifestations of pernicious anemia"
- ^ “for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anaemia”
- ^ "Discovered increased regeneration of blood in anemic animals when they were fed liver"
- ^ "Work on the treatment of pernicious anemia by means of a diet rich in liver"
- ^ "Work on porphyrins; synthesis of hemin"
- ^ “for his researches into the constitution of haemin and chlorophyll and especially for his synthesis of haemin”
- ^ “for his invention and development of the holographic method”
- ^ "Effects of radiation on cell division ("Zellteilung und Strahlung", Jul. Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1928.)"
- ^ "Studies of posture, reflexes and muscle tonus in humans"
- ^ "Work on vitamins; experiments with rats"
- ^ "Experimental work with frambosia which led to knowledge of the etiology and pathogenesis of treponematous infections"
- ^ "Work on the chemical nature of the antirachitic vitamin; the discovery that food irradiated with ultraviolet rays produced this vitamin"
- ^ "Contributions to the public health and the sanitary progress of the Philippines"
- ^ "Developed the theory of "zyzytiology". Studies of the importance of electrolytes in heart disease"
- ^ "Divided populations in two groups based on general body structure: one which is more prone to be afflicted with schizophrenic disorders, and another, more susceptible to mano-depressive disorders"
- ^ "Methods for isolating, purifying and reducing proteins into their constituent amino acids. Work on preparing chemically standardized diets, and analyzing the effects of diets having certain vitamin deficiencies when fed to rats"
- ^ "Work on adrenalin and pituitrin"
- ^ "Studies of fermentation, especially ways of changing the ratio of acetaldehyde to alcohol. Also work on nitrogen assimilation through microorganisms and carbon dioxide assimilation in plants"
- ^ "Work on retrobulbar optic-nerve diseases, herpes iris and sympathetic ophthalmology"
- ^ "Work on sacral anesthesia, developed "experimental practical surgery ("création de la chirurgie expérimentale pratique"), organized international conferences for surgeons, and a society for amputees"
- ^ "Work on the laws of heredity and sexual determination of higher plants"
- ^ "The discovery of the bacteriophage"
- ^ "Work on the histology and histopathology of the nervous system, especially studies of glia tissue (microglia and oligodendroglia)"
- ^ "Work on mitogenetic radiation"
- ^ "For his work, "The suspension stability of the blood" ("The suspensionstability of the blood", Acta med. Scandinav. Bd. 55 H. 1/2 p. 1-288)"
- ^ "Discovered ureastibamine (antimonial compound for treatment of kalaazar) and a new disease, post-kalaazar dermal leishmanoid"
- ^ "Electrophoretic analyses of plasma proteins and immune globulines"
- ^ "Work on sensory nerves and their mode of action"
- ^ "The discovery of serum against anthrax"
- ^ "Work on the physiology of the heart and respiration, ecpecially considering hemocyanine"
- ^ "The discovery of the fulgaration treatment of papillomata and other tumors of the bladder"
- ^ "Work on diathermy"
- ^ "Work on the mineral and water metabolism in the growing human organism"
- ^ "Work on metalsalt treatment of certain infections (tuberculosis, tetanus) in animals"
- ^ "Work on the mineral and water metabolism in the growing human organism"
- ^ "Studies on the functional relations of calcium and the Parathyroids in normal and deranged metabolism of man"
- ^ "Work on the use of bismuth in the treatment of syphilis"
- ^ "Work on schizophrenia"
- ^ "for work on neurology, and his latest experimental work: "Annotations on the physiology and anatomy of a dog living 38 days without both hemispheres of the cerbrum and without cerebellum""
- ^ "Work on the parathyroid gland and chromaphine tissue"
- ^ "Work on functions of the ear"
- ^ "Work on treatment of detachment of the retina with cauterization"
- ^ "The application of toxin antitoxin treatment to mass immunization against diphtheria"
- ^ "Work on the etiology of cholera and spirochetosis"
- ^ "Work on typhus fever, especially the virus Rickettsia Provazeki"
- ^ "The discovery that a high percentage of the bile pigments excreted by the liver are extrahepatic in origin, and also the site of its formation"
- ^ "Work on the surgery of sympathicus"
- ^ "The discovery of anatoxin"
- ^ “Work on the crystallization of a follicular ovarian hormone”
- ^ “for his discovery of the chemical nature of vitamin K”
- ^ "Work on the physiology of the hypophysis, its role in carbohydrate metabolism"
- ^ “for his discovery of the part played by the hormone of the anterior pituitary lobe in the metabolism of sugar”
- ^ "The treatment and cure of leprosy by means of derivatives of chaulmoogra oil"
- ^ "Work on the postnatal growth and development of the mammalian nervous system, particularly as illustrated by the nervous system of the albino rat"
- ^ "Work on the pathology and treatment of tumors"
- ^ "Work on the technique and the practice of the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers, of operations for gall stones, and for diseases of the pancreas"
- ^ "Work on the specific substance that cures pernicious anemia and is found in liver-extract"
- ^ "Work on the physiology and pharmacology of respiration and blood circulation (Much of the work was done in collaboration with Heyman´s son, Corneille J.F. Heymans (NP med 1938))"
- ^ "The discovery of traumatic pathogenesis in batrachians"
- ^ "Work on the Arndt-Schulz´s rule, silicic acid, formic acid and sulfur"
- ^ "Work in connection with Intravenous Urography (uroselectan)"
- ^ "Work on the area of colloid chemistry"
- ^ "Work on tissue cultivation in vitro"
- ^ "for discoveries on anaphylactic shock"
- ^ "Work on the chemical constitution of the animal cell, especially the structure of thymonucleic acid"
- ^ "Work on the tonic and trophic innervation of voluntary muscles and spinal parasympathicus, and progressive muscular dystrophy"
- ^ "Work on the physiology of the kidneys (catheterizing of individual renal glomeruli)"
- ^ "Collapse treatment of lung tuberculosis, especially thoracoplasty; also in relation to cardiolysis and intermittent positive pressure breathing"
- ^ "Work on hormones, especially hormones of the follicle and pituitary gland, and on pregnancy reaction"
- ^ "Work on the sex hormones of the ovary and the anterior pituitary lobe"
- ^ "Work on genetics, "crossing over", lethal factors, the demonstration of a fourth coupling group in the genes of Drosophila, the effect of temperature changes and X-rays on the mutation rate"
- ^ “for the discovery of the production of mutations by means of X-ray irradiation”
- ^ "work on the isolation of crystalline urease"
- ^ “J.B.Sumner for his discovery that enzymes can be crystallized”
- ^ “for their preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form”
- ^ "Work on the isolation of crystalline pepsin"
- ^ "Work on anatoxins as vaccination against diphtheria and tetanus"
- ^ "Work on inherited and acquired causes of disease in twins"
- ^ "Work on human twins"
- ^ "Work on diabetes, especially the prediabetic state"
- ^ "Work on the treatment of scars"
- ^ "Work on the analysis of blood and urine (Benedict: creatine, creatinine, sulfur, sugar. Folin: urea nitrogen, amino acids, uric acid, creatinine, blood sugar)"
- ^ "Work on hygiene. The founder of The Royal Institute of Public Health"
- ^ "Work on endocrine secretion"
- ^ "Work on the function of the control of blood pressure"
- ^ "The discovery of vitamins A, B and D, and the discovery of the role of manganese and magnesium in animal metabolism"
- ^ "The demonstration that phosphagen is the direct energy producing substance of the muscular contraction"
- ^ "Work on the hormone from the cortex and the suprarenal gland"
- ^ "The chemo-immunological studies on conjugated carbohydrate proteins"
- ^ "Work on cytochromes and respiration ferment (enzymes)"
- ^ "Work on occupational physiology and the interaction between psychic and vegetative functions"
- ^ “for his discovery of the functional organization of the interbrain as a coordinator of the activities of the internal organs”
- ^ "Work on blood distribution in higher organisms"
- ^ "Work on immunity reaction in invertebrates and contact immunity"
- ^ "Work on the lepra bacillus"
- ^ "Work on treatment of malaria with quinine and plasmoquinine; work on beri-beri"
- ^ "Work on transplantations"
- ^ "Work on transplantations"
- ^ "Work on the normal and pathological pneumatization of the temporal bone and the relations to diseases in the middle ear"
- ^ "Work on auxines"
- ^ "Work on tumors and on plant hormones"
- ^ "Work on blood distribution in higher organisms"
- ^ "Work on hexurone acid and vitamin C"
- ^ “for his discoveries in connection with the biological combustion processes, with special reference to vitamin C and the catalysis of fumaric acid”
- ^ "Work on the regulation of respiration and blood circulation"
- ^ “for the discovery of the role played by the sinus and aortic mechanisms in the regulation of respiration”
- ^ "Work on Wilson´s disease"
- ^ "Work on the change of the antigene effect in bacteria"
- ^ "Work on bacteria dissociation"
- ^ "Work on treatment of neoplasms by changing the physico-chemical environment"
- ^ "Work on the use of biophysics in medicine"
- ^ "Promotion of a schema for the prevention of tuberculosis"
- ^ "Work on the ultravirus of the tubercle bacillus"
- ^ "Work on the physiology of the adrenal glands"
- ^ "Work on variola (smallpox) virus"
- ^ "Work on histological dyeing methods, on naevi pigmentosi and carcinogens"
- ^ "The invention and development of drugs for intravenous urography"
- ^ "Research studies in psychiatry, especially work in mental hygiene"
- ^ "Work on the paratympanic organ"
- ^ "Work on lymphatic organs"
- ^ "for work on oxidation and reduction processes in the living organism"
- ^ "Work on plasmoquinine"
- ^ "Work on plasmoquinine and atebrin"
- ^ "Work on the role of the sympathetic nervous system in the animal organism"
- ^ "The introduction of ventriculography and encephalography and work on the circulation of the cerebrospinal fluid"
- ^ "Work on neopallium"
- ^ "Work on the trophic function of the nervous system and its role on disease"
- ^ "The discovery and demonstration of ovogenesis from the germinal epithelium in the adult mammal, and of the follicular hormone"
- ^ "Work on hypophysectomy"
- ^ "Work on the substance of tissues"
- ^ "Introduction of the cathode ray oscillograph, work on the physiology of the peripheral and central nervous systems"
- ^ “for their discoveries relating to the highly differentiated functions of single nerve fibres”
- ^ "Work on a technique using the cathode ray oscillograph for the investigation of electric potential changes in nerve tissue"
- ^ "Work on the physiology, chemistry and biology of sex hormones"
- ^ “for his work on sex hormones”
- ^ "Work on bacteriophagy, the chemistry of antigenes, the effect of radium on microbes, parasitology, vaccination against meningococci"
- ^ "Work on the blood sedimentation reaction"
- ^ "Work on Pneumonic Plague and especially the discovery of the role played by the Tarbagan in its transmission"
- ^ "The introduction of experimental methods in histology and pathology, investigation of cell-division and thymus"
- ^ "Work on the diagnosis of and operation on the prostate gland"
- ^ "Work on physiology and immunity, the diagnosis of human hydatid and investigations on the Australian snake venoms"
- ^ "Work on vaccination against acute anterior poliomyelitis"
- ^ "for work on vitamin C"
- ^ "Work on the pathogenesis of pernicious anaemia"
- ^ "Work on bronchoscopy, laryngology, esophagoscopy and gastroscopy"
- ^ "Work on the production of tumors with chemical substances"
- ^ "Work on the humoral mechanism for gastric secretion, histamine, the mechanism of secretin, the discovery of cholecystokinin"
- ^ "Work on the yellow ferment, especially its resynthesis"
- ^ “for his discoveries concerning the nature and mode of action of oxidation enzymes”
- ^ "Work on humoral transmission of nervous impulses to tissues"
- ^ "The development of a clinical ambulatory method for determining patency or non-patency of the fallopian tubes (the "Rubin test")"
- ^ "Work on the endocrine secretion of the ovary"
- ^ "Work on the production of tumors with chemical substances"
- ^ "Work on the sense of smell, particularly in its relation to the diagnosis of brain tumors and other lesions of the brain"
- ^ "Work on the periodic fertility and infertility of the woman"
- ^ "Work in cancer research"
- ^ "The discoveries on the etiology of Bilharzia disease, due to the parasite Schistosoma haematobium"
- ^ "Work on inheritance of quantitative traits, plant genetics and the effect of radiation on genetic traits"
- ^ "Work on the treatment and cure of harelip with plastic surgery"
- ^ "for excellence in the practice of obstetrics; delivery of quintuplets in a country place far removed from expert assistance"
- ^ "The discovery that human influenza is due to a filtrable virus, and that the disease can be transmitted to, and studied in, ferrets and mice"
- ^ "The discovery of the photochemical and chemical basis of the visual processes"
- ^ "His influence in directing the trend of research in the field of viruses and his introduction of the use of live media for the study of viruses"
- ^ "Work on allergic reactions in human and animals"
- ^ "Work on the effect of endocrine secretion on the inducement of experimental cancer"
- ^ "Work on the physiology of human perspiration"
- ^ "Work on skin reactivity"
- ^ "Work on the isolation of chemical carcinogenic agents from tar and studies on the relation between chemical constitution and carcinogenic activity"
- ^ "Isolation of carcinogenic compounds in pure form"
- ^ "Work on the isolation of chemical carcinogenic agents from tar and studies on the relation between chemical constitution and carcinogenic activity"
- ^ "Work on the action of yellow fever virus on mice"
- ^ “for his discoveries concerning yellow fever and how to combat it”
- ^ "Work on the virus of tobacco mosaic disease"
- ^ “for their preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form”
- ^ "The production of crystalline digestion ferment (enzyme)"
- ^ "Work on the colloid state in sickness and in health"
- ^ "Work on chemotherapy (antimony compounds used against certain tropical diseases)"
- ^ "Work on the female sex hormones"
- ^ "Work on the use of X-rays in cancer therapy"
- ^ "Work on anesthesia"
- ^ "Work on and discovery of protamine insulinate"
- ^ "Work on vegetable fats in nutrition (linolic and linoleic acids) and Vitamine E"
- ^ "Work on gastric allergies"
- ^ "Work on immunization against the American typhus fever ("Rocky Mountain spotted fever")"
- ^ "Work on natural stimulation and excitability"
- ^ "Work on echinococcus diseases"
- ^ "Numeral works on parasitology"
- ^ "Work on serologically different types of pneumococcus"
- ^ "Work on skin diseases"
- ^ "Work on the hematopoietic apparatus, the endocrine glands, animal parasites, and the etiology of cancer"
- ^ "Work on the experimental production of arteroschlerosis"
- ^ "Work on surgery of the thyroid"
- ^ "Work on lymphogranuloma inguinale"
- ^ "for investigations in the serum treatment of different forms of pneumonia and investigations in the field of infectious arthritis"
- ^ "Work on the mucous membrane of the gastro-intestinal tract and its physiology"
- ^ "Work on endocrinology"
- ^ "Work on filterable virus and the discovery that certain types of bacteria go through an early parasitic stage of development within certain cells of the body"
- ^ "Methods for measuring antigens, antibody and complement. Specifically, studies on the purification of Pneumococcus polysaccharides, leading to routines for immunization against pneumococcal pneumonia"
- ^ "Discovery of Prontosil"
- ^ “for the discovery of the antibacterial effects of prontosil”
- ^ "Work on the treatment of streptococcus hemolyticus infections by the use of sulfanilamide"
- ^ "The discovery of the facts relating to para-amino-benzene sulfonamide"
- ^ "Studies on stovarsol, germanin and discovery of the antimicrobial action of sulfonamides (sulfa drugs)"
- ^ "Work on heterogenous antigenes"
- ^ "Work on the thymus gland and the experimental production of tumours in rats"
- ^ "Work on the psychic and organic life and the role of the vegetative centras"
- ^ "Work on the original and clinical investigations of the etiology and treatment of intraocular inflammation, especially iritis and uveitis"
- ^ "Work on the medical approach, classification and treatment of abnormal child behavior and child psychiatry"
- ^ "Work on tropical diseases (lepra, sporotrichos, yellow fever, malaria) and their transmission"
- ^ "The demonstration of the presence in the adrenal cortex of a substance necessary to life and extraction of the same"
- ^ "Work on the alcohol metabolism in the organism"
- ^ "Work on the thyroid gland and brain surgery, especially the hypophysis"
- ^ "Work on experimentally induced scurvy and Vitamin C"
- ^ Additional nominators are: E. Langfeldt, prof physiological chemistry, C. Schötz, prof hygiene, O.L Mohr, prof anatomy, K. Schreiner, prof anatomy, Fr. Leegaard, prof physiology, K. Hansen, prof pharmacology, R. Ingebrigtsen, prof surgery, A. Sunde, prof obstetrics and gynecology, S. Hagen, prof ophthalmiatric, L. Kreyberg, prof pathologic anatomy, N. Danbolt, prof dermathology and syphilidology, F. Leegaard, prof , T Thjötta, prof bacteriology, O. Hanssen, prof medicine, H.A. Salvesen, prof medicine, all in Oslo, NO
- ^ "Work on changes in the electropotential of active endocrine glands"
- ^ "Work on coordination and plasticity within the central nervous system"
- ^ "Work on the optical state of muscles, especially an action substance in the nerve"
- ^ "Work on malignant tumours"
- ^ "Fundamental contribution to the Theory of Disease; Established the streptococcal nature of poliomyelitis infection, and studied the conversion/reversion of this streptococcus into virus form; in vitro synthesis of antibodies to the poliomyelitis antigen; studies of streptococci from epilectic patients"
- ^ "Work in the preparation of unstable cell constituents, such as viruses, enzymes and antibodies"
- ^ "The discovery that the production of renal ischaemia results in a permanent hypertension"
- ^ "Work on treatment of schizophrenia with insulin"
- ^ "Proposed the methods of angiostomy and organostomy"
- ^ "The work "La fluorescence en biologie""
- ^ "Work on coacervates"
- ^ "Work on "Heart-Action""
- ^ "Work on biological microchemistry, especially the work "Chemical Embryology""
- ^ "Work on production of plant disease generating virus in crystallized form"
- ^ "Discovery of the function of the centras in tuber cinereum and the hypothalamus"
- ^ "Work on cultivation of tissues outside of the body, tissue transplantation, endocrinology and cancer"
- ^ "Work on the theory of Coctoantigen (Coctoimmunogen and Impedin-phenomenon), which is the basis and method for the reform of active immunization or vaccine therapy"
- ^ "Work on the physiology of the kidneys"
- ^ "Work on the humoral transmission of nervous impulses"
- ^ a b "Work on the use of nicotinic acid in pellagra therapy"
- ^ "Work on the use of nicotinic acid on "blacktongue""
- ^ "Study of the biological antagonism between metabolically important compounds and their structural analogs; isolation and identification of the vitamins: nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, inositol and strepogonin; studies of the nutritional requirements of microorganisms and animals"
- ^ "Importance of nicotinic acid in treatment of "black tongue" in dogs and in pellegra in man"
- ^ "Work on the relation of dietary deficiencies to human diseases. (Sir E. Mellanby: Rickets and the nervous conditions produced by lack of vitamin A. Lady M. Mellanby: Dental structure and dental disease.)"
- ^ "Work on dietary deficiencies, rickets and the nervous conditions produced by lack of vitamin A"
- ^ "Development of the method of electrophoresis, and advances in the study of proteins"
- ^ “for his research on electrophoresis and adsorption analysis, especially for his discoveries concerning the complex nature of the serum proteins”
- ^ "Studies on the physiopathology of the liver"
- ^ "Investigation of a possible hormonal cause of toxemia of pregnancy"
- ^ "New advances in joint surgery"
- ^ "Work on vitamins, especially vitamins B2 and B6"
- ^ "Isolation and study of vitamin B1"
- ^ "Development of methods for large-scale production of a vaccine against typhus"
- ^ "for preparation of sulphonamide compounds, and their introduction in therapy"
- ^ "for treatment of malaria and tumours of the spleen by intravenous injection of adrenalin"
- ^ "Development of the electroencephalograph"
- ^ "Work on the micro-anatomy of the sympathetic nervous system, especially the discoveries of the fundamental plexus and the periterminal network"
- ^ "The discovery of vitamin K"
- ^ “for his discovery of vitamin K”
- ^ a b "Studies on vitamin K"
- ^ "Work on stomach cancer"
- ^ "Studies of chromosomes, especially in the salivary glands of insects, notably in Drosophila"
- ^ "Preparation of crystalline secretin, and its use in diagnosis of pancreatic function"
- ^ "Work on the role of the liver in carbohydrate and protein metabolism"
- ^ "for the discovery of b. Bertonella"
- ^ "Work concerning blood typing, and additives to create a truly universal blood for transfusions"
- ^ In 1941, the Nobel Prize Committee purportedly presented Valikhan to the Nobel Prize in Medicine for outstanding achievements in the development of ophthalmology and the fight against trachoma, but because of the start of the World War II, the annual Nobel Prize was suspended.[279]
- ^ "1. Fundamental work on biological specificity such as organ specificity and cancer specificity. 2. Fundamental work on the immunology of the blood groups and the Rh factors and his discovery of the nature of the O and B substances. 3. Studies on the serodiagnosis of infectious diaseses especially syphilis, gonorrhoea, tuberculosis and trichinosis"
- ^ "Studies on experimental arterial hypertension; Isolation of renin and angiotonin"
- ^ "Chemical composition of heart glycosides, especially scillarens, digitalins and strophanthidins"
- ^ "Development of the method of electrophoresis, and advances in the study of proteins"
- ^ "Development of the electron microscope"
- ^ “for his fundamental work in electron optics, and for the design of the first electron microscope”
- ^ "Work on electroencephalography"
- ^ "Studies of the physiology and anatomy of the brain. Treatment of diseases of the brain"
- ^ "Practical teaching aids, especially for obstetrics and gynecology"
- ^ "Isotope techniques to study intermediary metabolism"
- ^ "Study of electrical potentials in cardiac muscle"
- ^ "for in situ studies of tissues in live mammals"
- ^ "for the elucidation of the nature of sex; bridging the sciences of physiology and genetics"
- ^ "for the discovery of carcinogenic hydrocarbons"
- ^ "for methods for determining the size of virus particles"
- ^ "Demonstrated the process of transmethylation as carried out in the animal body. Studies of the structure of the biotin molecule"
- ^ “for his work on biochemically important sulphur compounds, especially for the first synthesis of a polypeptide hormone”
- ^ "Studies of the central nervous system, especially the relation of the diencephalon to the posterior pituitary and the sympathetic system"
- ^ "Work on new active sulphonamide compounds, especially on the activity of Sulphapyridine against pneumococcus. Studies of the mode of action of these drugs"
- ^ "Discovery of an animal which synthesizes protoplasma from mineral matter without the use of chlorophyll or light"
- ^ "Studies of nerve-muscle function; reinnervation of muscle"
- ^ "Function of nucleus caudatus, work on vasosensibility, and localization in the brain"
- ^ "Cardiazol-induced shock treatment of schizophrenia"
- ^ "Electroshock treatment of schizophrenia"
- ^ a b "Discovery and development of the new chemotherapeutic agent "penicillin""
- ^ “for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases”
- ^ “Discovery of penicillin (Fleming) and its curative effect in various infectious diseases (Chain and Florey)”
- ^ "Discovery of arsenoxide (mapharsen); use of mapharsen in treatment of syphilis"
- ^ "Work on the pathology and etiology of Mexican typhus (murine typhus)"
- ^ "for "The relation of the absorption, fate and excretion of bismuth preparations to their therapeutic effectiveness""
- ^ "for work on the physiology of the nervous system, as well as work on isolation of single nerve fibers and muscle fibers and demonstration of the existence of reflex excitatory fibers and reflex inhibitory fibers"
- ^ "Treatment of thyrotoxicosis with thiourea and thiouracil"
- ^ "Demonstrated that soil bacteria can destroy pathogenic bacteria"
- ^ "Work on digestional leucocytosis"
- ^ "for the successful transformation in vitro of normal mammalian cells into cancer cells"
- ^ "Work on the physiology of the kidneys"
- ^ "Discovery of the function of the nucleolus in nucleotide-protein synthesis"
- ^ a b "Enzymatic synthesis of glycogen and starch, effect of the anterior pituitary extract and of insulin on the hexokinase reaction"
- ^ “for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen”
- ^ "Work on soil micro-organisms, development of streptothricin and streptomycin"
- ^ “for his discovery of streptomycin, the first antibiotic effective against tuberculosis”
- ^ "Discovery of the mechanism of urea formation in mammals, oxidative decomposition of d-amino acids and carbohydrates"
- ^ “for his discovery of the citric acid cycle”
- ^ "Physiology of the retina"
- ^ a b “for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the eye”
- ^ "Work on DDT"
- ^ "Discovery and production of the lactotropic hormone of the anterior hypophysis"
- ^ "The chemistry of muscle; discovery of the enzymatic properties of myosin
- ^ "for his work on parasitic epithelioma"
- ^ "for work on plasma and human blood fractionation and its great use in the Armed Forces of the US"
- ^ "Work on amino acids"
- ^ "Introduction of collective radiology photography, "abreuography""
- ^ "Correlation between the Rh factor and erythroblastosis foetalis"
- ^ "Discovery of the Rh factor"
- ^ "Work on nutritional physiology, and the importance of the application of these findings to human health and nutrition (Three publications are mentioned: 1. "The national food supply and its influence on public health", Chadwick Lecture, 1934; 2. "The economics of diet", Presidential Address to British Association, 1935; 3. "Food, Health and Income", book, 1936)"
- ^ “for his lifelong effort to conquer hunger and want, thereby helping to remove a major cause of military conflict and war”
- ^ "...sa découverte des cellules musculaires afibrillaires, qui seraient à l´origine de l´hypertension artérielle d´origine rénale"
- ^ "Constitution of enzymes and their catalythic elements"
- ^ "Incidence transmission and control of malaria in the Southwest Pacific"
- ^ "The interaction of "half-centers" as a basic explanation of rhythmic progression movements and breathing"
- ^ "Work on brucellos"
- ^ "Studies of the nature of Influenza and procedures for the prevention and control of the disease"
- ^ "Behavior of intracellular and extracellular water and electrolytes and treatment of badly dehydrated infants by the inclusion of potassium salts in the replenishment fluids"
- ^ "Fostering of medical research and medical education"
- ^ "Mechanism of immunity to virus diseases and the morphology of viruses (psittacosis virus)"
- ^ "Identification of streptomycin and experimental and clinical investigation of its properties and of other antibiotic agents"
- ^ "The basis for use of streptomycin against turberculosis"
- ^ "Discovery of synthetic oestrogens, especially stilboestrol (diethylstilbestrol, DES) and their effects"
- ^ "Spontaneous cancer in mice, mother´s milk as carcinogenic factor"
- ^ "Agglutination of erythrocytes in vivo in mammals"
- ^ "Treatment of lupus with vitamin D2"
- ^ "Surgical treatment of malformations of the heart"
- ^ "Inborn malformation in the heart"
- ^ "Role of the neurotrophism of the typhoidendotoxin and the vegetative nervous system for the symptoms of typhus and for the mechanism of the infection and immunitysystem"
- ^ "Discovery of the potent insecticidal effect of DDT"
- ^ “for his discovery of the high efficiency of DDT as a contact poison against several arthropods”
- ^ "Studies on the energetic importance of phosphoric acid in the functioning of muscle"
- ^ “for his discovery of co-enzyme A and its importance for intermediary metabolism”
- ^ a b "Microbiological methods, particularly methods utilizing mutants of Neurospora, for determining amino acids, vitamins and their precursors"
- ^ “for their discovery that genes act by regulating definite chemical events”
- ^ "A new principle in treating viral diseases: destruction of the substrate through which virus particles enter susceptible cells"
- ^ “for discovery of acquired immunological tolerance”
- ^ "Color and sound perception in fish; color perception in bees and bee´s methods of communication"
- ^ a b “for their discoveries concerning organization and elicitation of individual and social behaviour patterns”
- ^ "The polarographic method and its biological applications"
- ^ “for his work on biochemically important sulphur compounds, especially for the first synthesis of a polypeptide hormone”
- ^ "Coagulation and thrombosis of blood, especially plasmaprokinin and plasmakinin as well as thrombocatalysin"
- ^ "Development of the "micro relief method" for microscopic study of tissue surfaces"
- ^ "Discovery of the carbon dioxide assimilation process in heterotrophic organisms"
- ^ "Described factors controlling release of the antidiuretic hormone"
- ^ "Work concerning electroshock treatment of psychosis"
- ^ a b "Surgical treatment of isthmus aortae"
- ^ "Development of a cytologic method for early diagnosis of uteral cancer"
- ^ a b "Surgical treatment of otosclerosis"
- ^ "Work on the electro-physiology of the eye"
- ^ "Work on the permeability of the cell wall for ions, and ionic equilibrium"
- ^ "Work in the fields of oxidation-reduction equilibria and pH measurement"
- ^ "Discovery of Chloromycetin"
- ^ "Discovery of Aureomycin"
- ^ " "All-or-None Law" of the nerve impulse. Work on the physiology of hearing"
- ^ "Electrophysiology of the nervous system"
- ^ "Work on antibiotics, especially from species of Actinomyces and intestinal bacteria. Studies on bacteriophages, ultravirus and infra-cellular particles"
- ^ a b "Experimental studies, and surgical treatment of malformations of the heart"
- ^ "Isolation and study of the pituitary hormone"
- ^ "Work on the chemistry of streptomycin"
- ^ a b "Discovery of Atabrin (quinocrin hydrochloride), an antimalarial agent"
- ^ "Work on endocrinology, and especially the adaptation syndrome"
- ^ "Discovery that maternal rubella was responsible for congenital cataract. Work on other disorders such as deafness and dementia paralytica"
- ^ "Work on dimercaptopropanol and its importance in protection against poisoning by certain metals"
- ^ "Work on otosclerosis, and a surgical means for the restoration of practical hearing in certain cases of clinical otosclerosis"
- ^ "For his studies of the rheumatic disorders"
- ^ "Work on sterins"
- ^ "Work on the physiology of hearing"
- ^ “for his discoveries of the physical mechanism of stimulation within the cochlea”
- ^ "Treatment of prostatic cancer with castration and injection of estrogen"
- ^ “for his discoveries concerning hormonal treatment of prostatic cancer”
- ^ a b c "Discoveries and development of new chemical separation methods based on "counter-current extraction and partition chromatography"
- ^ “for their invention of partition chromatography”
- ^ "Psychoanalysis"
- ^ "Work on the functional organization of the spinal cord and on post-effects in neurons"
- ^ "Work on Actinomycetal systematics and lytic action on bacteria"
- ^ "Work on analgetic and spasmolytic substances, and antihistamine"
- ^ "Vaccination against yellow fever"
- ^ "Work on acupuncture"
- ^ "Work on blood groups (inheritance, anthropological importance, and "heterospecific pregnancy")"
- ^ "His work in the field of reticulo-endothelial pharmacology and for his achievements in the study of chemotherapeutic agents"
- ^ "Work on corneal transplantation and on tissue transplantations in other ocular and some dermal diseases"
- ^ "Diathermal coagulation in connection with eye diseases"
- ^ "Work on brucellosis, coccidiomycosis, encephalitis, and botulismus"
- ^ "Physiology of the digestive glands; his work, "Secretory mechanism of Digestive Glands""
- ^ "Work on fractionation and therapeutic applications of plasma proteins"
- ^ "Work on endocrinology (treatment of ocular diseases with instillation of pituitary and muscle extracts)"
- ^ "Work on antibody production against protein-free iodine-compounds, on sleep-inducing drugs, and on the liver vein barrier"
- ^ "Work on "Radiation genetics""
- ^ "Work on compounds (gamones) promoting fertilization in vertebrates and invertebrates"
- ^ "The crystallization of vitamin B 1"
- ^ "Work on vitamin B 12"
- ^ "Work on "chronaxy" and its applications in medicine and neuromuscular physiology"
- ^ "Work on inflammation and allergy"
- ^ "Fundamental theoretical and practical investigations on the electric phenomena of the heart"
- ^ "Work on the nature of adrenocortical hormones"
- ^ "Dietary factors in the protection of liver and kidney"
- ^ "Synthetic antihistamines"
- ^ “for his discoveries relating to synthetic compounds that inhibit the action of certain body substances, and especially their action on the vascular system and the skeletal muscles”
- ^ "Chromatographic analysis of amino acids"
- ^ “for their contribution to the understanding of the connection between chemical structure and catalytic activity of the active centre of the ribonuclease molecule”
- ^ "The role of physphorylation in intestinal resorption and the relationship to the adrenal cortex function"
- ^ "Analysis of serum sickness, infectious mononucleosis and hemaglutination "
- ^ "Relationship between the genes and a protein in DNA"
- ^ "Fertilization and cell division of human ova in vitro"
- ^ "Neurohumoral regulation of female sexual functions and tubal egg transport"
- ^ "Treatment of femoral collum fractures"
- ^ "Germ-free animals"
- ^ "The role of extrachromosomal genetic factors in the development of breast cancer"
- ^ "Blood coagulation, in particular purification of prothrombin and thrombin"
- ^ "Parkinsons disease and its treatment by extirpation of the premotor cortex"
- ^ "Typhus fever, in particular serological and bacteriological diagnosis"
- ^ "Morgagni's syndrome"
- ^ "Polyploidic frogs and mammals"
- ^ "A mechanical device for heart function during cardiac surgery of malformations"
- ^ "X-ray chinematographic image production"
- ^ "Synthetic antihistamine compounds"
- ^ "Active and passive anaphylaxia and antianaphylaxia"
- ^ "Plant growth hormones"
- ^ "Co-nominator was Aage Th B Jacobsen, prof medicine, Aarhus"
- ^ "Reflection microscopy"
- ^ "The pre-erythrocytic stage of human malarial plasmodia"
- ^ "The inheritance of deafness and the proband method of analysis of human pedigree for inheritance of recessive traits"
- ^ "Intracellular symbiosis"
- ^ "Sensory physiology, muscle innervation, and mechanics of pulmonary circulation"
- ^ "Paraaminosalicylic acid in chemotheraphy of tuberculosis"
- ^ "Reactions identifying thymic acid and acetal phosphatides"
- ^ "Neurophysiology, in particular the physiological basis of electroencephalography"
- ^ "Dicoumarol and related compounds"
- ^ “for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue”
- ^ “for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmitters in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation”
- ^ “for his research on the carbon dioxide assimilation in plants”
- ^ “for their discoveries concerning heart catheterization and pathological changes in the circulatory system”
- ^ “for their discoveries concerning the ionic mechanisms involved in excitation and inhibition in the peripheral and central portions of the nerve cell membrane”
- ^ “for their discoveries concerning the mechanism and regulation of the cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism”
- ^ “for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the elucidation of the structure of complex substances”
- ^ “for his fight against the nuclear arms race between East and West”
- ^ “for his work on the structure of proteins, especially that of insulin”
- ^ “for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids”
References
[edit]- ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine". nobelprize.org. Archived from the original on 16 November 2020. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
- ^ "Guide to Nobel Prize". Britannica. Archived from the original on 8 June 2013. Retrieved 10 June 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f "Nomination archive". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 98 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 12 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 9925 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 15 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3808 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 132 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 1804 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b c d "Nomination 2418 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 12 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5412 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f "Nomination 11051 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 14 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b c "Nomination 3780 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2084 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 12 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4782 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5100 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 21 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1705 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 14 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
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- ^ "Nomination 5425 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1702 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 12 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6057 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b c d "Nomination 942 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 12 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b c d "Nomination 5095 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 14 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2091 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 21 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6049 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 21 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1716 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 27 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2096 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 957 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6726 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5112 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 9318 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 15 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1349 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 279 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 15 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 553 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 102 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 574 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 7 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4442 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 14 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 9149 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 1713 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6061 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1784 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 14 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5433 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2107 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 14 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 581 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 964 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2105 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 967 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 582 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b c "Nomination 10167 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3801 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6387 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 9316 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 12437 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 554 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6047 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6044 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 14 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6392 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3789 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 27 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 565 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1703 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 7532 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 18 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 8057 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 18 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 944 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 14 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5752 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 14 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6397 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 202 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 15 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 8523 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 21 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1333 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 14 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5414 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 15 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 583 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3096 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2106 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 11 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 8989 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3796 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3102 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1355 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 106 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6050 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5097 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1722 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3785 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 7022 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2771 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6714 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4443 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1708 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 8803 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 12819 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2086 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 15 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2087 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 15 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4448 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 8294 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1712 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2765 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2761 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 21 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 7537 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 6399 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 11068 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 110 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 27 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 958 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 11261 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2103 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2777 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 14 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 11491 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 21 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3105 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 27 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4793 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 11137 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2767 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 27 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5767 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1339 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 7024 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5420 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 959 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3107 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 13427 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 21 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5101 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5421 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1338 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4105 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3427 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 117 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 3113 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4450 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 10053 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 21 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 9515 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4464 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 10749 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5758 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3794 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4786 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2428 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3423 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2099 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 563 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6051 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 13740 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 8808 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 12521 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1330 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5419 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 567 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6394 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 9329 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5770 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2779 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1727 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1728 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5428 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3111 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b c "Nomination 576 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 11 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4452 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 27 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2440 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4459 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3439 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 14 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6054 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 27 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6716 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 564 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2786 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 30 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 2119 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 18 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3819 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6404 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 956 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3790 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 21 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5103 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 11442 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2772 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3784 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3792 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6402 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 11066 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 11713 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2756 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 9934 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2104 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 7 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2450 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 28 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 7029 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2792 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5111 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 2735 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 September 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1348 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5110 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5429 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5768 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4099 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2769 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5427 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2778 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 128 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 27 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4114 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2775 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6052 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4115 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3428 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2436 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 573 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2439 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 7 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1724 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4802 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 966 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 14 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 11979 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 1360 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 981 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 12169 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 11 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 119 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 962 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 7 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3116 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1732 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 10184 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 7 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 963 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 8 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2444 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 8 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 121 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 14 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2453 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 7773 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 9 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1725 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 11 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2092 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 9 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 11874 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 9 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2125 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1353 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 14 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1356 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1736 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2126 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3437 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 13 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4120 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3443 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 133 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 18 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2457 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 595 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4139 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3816 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3435 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 15 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1742 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 971 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1737 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3450 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 123 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2109 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 980 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1359 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 579 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 19 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 968 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 19 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 125 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b c d "Nomination 2459 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6406 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 7 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 8809 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2781 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3449 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2112 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1374 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 4478 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 126 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 24 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 593 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 592 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1361 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 27 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2787 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3124 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 30 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 1373 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 584 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 27 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 979 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2115 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 30 December 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 588 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 137 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 984 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2451 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 1 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2452 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 5131 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4135 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 4194 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1365 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 18 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2122 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 140 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 3134 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b c "Nomination 204 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2111 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1734 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 591 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 135 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Nomination 650 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 22 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3815 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 5789 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ Ханджанбекова Ф. (2015). "Интервью с Тамиллой Керимовой — ведущим научным сотрудником Института истории имени А.А.Бакиханова НАН Азербайджана". 1news.az. Archived from the original on 2017-03-25.
- ^ "Nomination 3457 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2123 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3131 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4541 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3133 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1744 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 2794 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 25 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1746 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3820 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 6085 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 3135 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 29 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 4482 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 31 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
- ^ "Nomination 1369 was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee". nobelprize.org. October 2023. Archived from the original on 14 February 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2023.